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Israel Dodge was born on the 10th of February, 1739/40, at Beverly, Massachusetts Bay; a cryptic February Salem record, naming no parents, is inferred to indicate his christening there on the 21st of that month. He was a son of Joshua Dodge and Hannah (Rayment) Dodge.
Israel Dodge married, first, his cousin Joanna Dodge, at Beverly on the 14th of July, 1763. The marriage was brief: Joanna died in October of the year following. Her widower married, second, Lucia Pickering, on the 17th of June, 1766, at Salem.
Israel passed away on the 3rd of October, 1822, at Salem.
The birthday of Joanna Dodge, daughter of Benjamin & Elizabeth Dodge, on 13 May 1745, is listed in a handwritten transcript of the Beverly family record, an image of which is linked from her transcribed birth record; see: "Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q29L-G131 : Wed Oct 25 22:06:44 UTC 2023), Entry for Joanna Dodge and Benj. Dodge, 13 May 1745. See also the record, and linked image of what appears to be the original handwritten record of families, at: "Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q29L-8ML3 : Thu Oct 26 03:50:50 UTC 2023), Entry for Joanna Dodge and Benj. Dodge, 13 May 1745.
However: Joseph Thompson Dodge, in his genealogy of the Dodge family (see Sources), is of the view that Israel married another Joanna, the daughter of Caleb & Hannah (Woodberry) Dodge, born in March of 1744; her birth is shown in the image (#21 of 179) of the (apparently original) handwritten family record found at https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9RQK-9NBQ. He also, however, cites a gravestone in the "old cemetery east of 2d church" at Beverly, which, he seems to indicate, gives Joanna's age at the time of her death on the 21st of October, 1764, as "in her 20th year" – an age that would be accurate for the daughter of Benjamin, born in May of 1745, while Caleb's Joanna, born more than a year earlier in March of 1744, would have already attained the age of 20 and would be in her 21st year. That said, Dodge's claim also appears in the later, annotated handwritten transcript of the family record found at https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9RSJ-1G; on the page opposite the birth record of Joanna, daughter of Caleb & Hannah, the entry continues with the note, "Israel Dodge July 14, 1763. by Rev J Chipman October 21, 1764." That last is the known date of the death of Joanna Dodge, wife of Israel, and the extended entry is clearly demarcating the marriage, and the passing, of that spouse. The handwritten original record, unfortunately, does not appear to indicate which Joanna is which.
The answer to this riddle thus hinges on the accuracy of the gravestone phrase, "in her 20th year" – and on whether Dodge quoted it exactly. Here, Find A Grave (see https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/47854129/joanna-dodge) provides an answer to the latter, if not the former, question: Dodge's citation was exact. For someone dying so young, the odds would seem to be that the age given is accurate as to the number of years they have lived; the assumption is thus made that Israel's first wife was a daughter of Benjamin & Elizabeth Dodge, and not of Caleb & Hannah.
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"DODGE... Israel, Feb. 21, 1740. P. R. 43." (Salem VRs, Vol. 1, p. 254; https://www.americanancestors.org/DB190/i/7791/254/140883360 (by subscription)
... with no parents named. Its source, "P.R. 43", is a "Copy of Israel Dodge's Family Register now in possession of the Essex Institute". My assumption is that this is a christening date for the Israel of this profile. (The one other Israel Dodge I find present in the time period and in the area seems to be the son of Thomas and Sarah, born at Wenham on 14 April, 1736; see https://www.americanancestors.org/DB190/i/7821/24/142661346 (by subscription). That Israel would presumably have been christened at Wenham, at least two or three years earlier.)
Any other interpretations?? -- I'll add that 21 February record, labeled as a christening, to the Sources, with a note in the narrative; if there's another interpretation, it can always be edited out.