Humphrey (Bohun) de Bohun (abt. 1200 - 1275)

Born about 1200 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England

Ancestors

Descendants

Died 24 Sep 1275 at about age 75 in England

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Biography

Humphrey (Bohun) de Bohun is a member of the House of Bohun.

Humphrey de Bohun, Knt.^[1]

Birth and Parentage

Humphrey de Bohun was son and heir of Henry de Bohun and Maud de Mandeville. He was of age in 1221 so may have been born in about 1200.^[1][2][3]

Marriages and Children

Humphrey de Bohun married twice. His first wife was Maude de Lusignan, also known as Maud d'Eu. They married before 1233: she died on 12 August 1241^[3], having borne eight children.^[2] Their children were:

• Humphrey de Bohun,^[2] died 27 Oct. 1265.^[4]
• Henry de Bohun, alive in 1281.^[2]
• Geoffrey de Bohun, alive in 1264.^[2]
• Ralph de Bohun, died "shortly before 3 June 1307".^[2]
• Maud de Bohun, who married, first, Anselm Marshal and, second, Roger de Quincy, Knt. Maud died 25 April 1264.^[2]
• Alice de Bohun, who married Roger de Tony.^[2]
• Eleanor de Bohun, who married John de Verdun, Knt.^[2]
• Mary de Bohun, born before 12 August 1241 (the date of her mother's death).^[2]

Humphrey's second wife was Maude de Avenbury, who died on 8 October 1273.^[3][2] They had two children:

• John de Bohun, Knt.,died "shortly before 26 Jan. 1292.^[2]
• Miles de Bohun, Knt., alive in 1274.^[2]

Life

From his father Humphrey inherited the title Constable of England.^[2][3]

In 1225 Humphrey was a witness to the reissue of the Magna Carta.^[5]

During his life he fought in various military campaigns, including in France, Gascony and Wales, and headed several diplomatic and peace missions.^[2][5]

He was Marshal of the Household at the coronation of Eleanor of Provence, Henry III's wife, in 1236. That year he inherited the title of Earl of Essex. The following year he made a pilgrimage to the shrine of Santiago da Compostella.^[3][5]

In 1239 he was one of the future Edward I's godfathers.^[3][5]

From 1239 to 1241 he was Sheriff of Kent, Constable of Dover Castle, and Warden of the Cinque Ports.^[3][5]

In 1250 he took the cross but "he seems not to have gone to the Holy Land."^[5]

Disputes between Barons and Henry III

In the 1250s and 1260s he was closely caught up in disputes between barons and Henry III, initially allying himself with the party of barons who coalesced around Simon de Montfort in seeking to force reforms on the king. In 1258 he helped enforce the banishment of the Lusignan relatives of Henry III, whose influence many barons resented, and helped draft the Provisions of Oxford, which among other things set up a Privy Council (of which he was one of the original members) to play a key role in royal government.^[3][5]

In 1263 he switched support from Simon de Montfort to Henry III, while his oldest son Humphrey remained loyal to the Monfortians. He was one of the leading adherents of the king captured at the Battle of Lewes in 1264. After his son Humphrey's own capture by the royalists during the Battle of Evesham in 1265, and subsequent death, Humphrey secured the restoration to himself of lands he had entrusted to his son for life.^[5]

In 1266 he was one of the arbitrators of the Dictum of Kenilworth, the agreement intended to reconcile surviving rebel barons with the king.^[5]

Death

Humphrey de Bohun died on 24 September 1275 and was buried at Llanthony Abbey near Gloucester.^[2][3][5][6]

Research Notes

Titles

Humphrey was 2nd Earl of Hereford of the 3rd post-Norman-Conquest creation of the title, and 6th Earl of Hereford overall.^[3][7] Similarly, he was 1st Earl of Essex of the 3rd creation of the title, and 7th Earl of Essex overall.^[8][9]

Birth Location

Marlyn Lewis gives his birthplace as Warwickshire but without a source for it.^[10]

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), volume I, pages 410-415 BOHUN 6.
2. ↑ ^{2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15} Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, 2nd edition (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011), volume I, pages 228-234 BOHUN 2.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9} G E Cokayne. Complete Peerage, revised and enlarged, Vol. VI, St Catherine Press 1926, pp. 459-462, HEREFORD VI
4. ↑ Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, I:234 BOHUN 3.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9} Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: Bohun, Humphrey de, second earl of Hereford and seventh earl of Essex
6. ↑ William Dugdale. Monasticon Anglicanum, new enlarged edition, Vol. VI part 1, pub. James Bohn 1846, p. 135
7. ↑ Wikipedia: Earl of Hereford
8. ↑ G E Cokayne. Complete Peerage, revised and enlarged, Vol. V, St Catherine Press 1926, p. 135
9. ↑ Wikipedia: Earl of Essex
10. ↑ Lewis, Marlyn, Our Royal Titled Noble and Commoner Ancestors

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author, 2013. See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.
• Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City: the author, 2011. See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
• Cokayne, G E. The Complete Peerage, revised and enlarged, Vol. VI, St Catherine Press 1926
• Lewis, Marlyn. Entry for Sir Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford, 7th Earl of Essex, Sheriff of Kent, Constable of the Exchequer, England, & Dover Castle in "Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors and Cousins" database (accessed 5 July 2019).
• Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: Bohun, Humphrey de, second earl of Hereford and seventh earl of Essex, 2004, revised online 2010, available online via some libraries
• Phillimore, W.P.W & Fry, George S. Abstracts of Gloucestershire Inquisitiones Post Mortem Returned Into the Court of Chancery, British Record Society, London, 1893 Part IV. 20 Henry III. to 29 Edward I. 1236-1300, Page 93
• Cawley, Charles, Humphrey (V) de Bohun, entry in "Medieval Lands, A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families" © by Charles Cawley, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for MedLands.
• Wikipedia: Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford
• For additional information about early baronies, see the top-level category page Early English Feudal Baronies. Individual category pages (links below) should include information specific to the category.

Acknowledgements

Magna Carta Project

Humphrey de Bohun, son of Magna Carta Surety Baron Henry de Bohun, is included in trails badged by Magna Carta Project members to the following Gateway Ancestors:

• Dannett Abney: badged June 2022. See the trail HERE.
• William Berkeley (MCA III:22-27 LIGON): badged 20 Dec 2020 (see Ligon trail). See the trail HERE.
• Boteler/Butler Gateways (Elizabeth and Thomas): Elizabeth's trail was developed in 2016 and badged 6 September 2019, Thomas’s profile was badged in Oct 2020. See the trail HERE.
• Mary Bourchier: badged 5 July 2019. See trail HERE.
• Coytemore Gateways (Elizabeth and Thomas): badged in 2019. See the trails HERE.
• John Fisher: badged in 2015 and re-reviewed in April 2020. See the trail HERE.
• Thomas Ligon (MCA III:22-27 LIGON): badged 15 Dec 2020 (see Berkeley trail). See the trail HERE.
• Thomas Lloyd: trail badged December 2021, see it HERE.
• Manwaring Gateways (Oliver and Mary): badged, re-reviewed in February 2024. See the trail HERE.
• Elizabeth Marshall (MCA I:267-277 BOTETOURT): trail badged 4 March 2024. See it HERE.
• Richard Palgrave: trails badged 19 March 2021. See them HERE.
• John Stratton: trail badged 3 June 2022. See it HERE.
• Amy Wyllys: badged 11 Apr 2021 is set out HERE.
• Mary Wolseley: badged June 2022. See the trail HERE.

This profile also appears in unbadged trails (needing work) to the following Gateways:

• Matthew Clarkson (MCA I:483-486 CLARKSON): trail has not yet been developed and can be seen HERE.
• John Fisher (2nd trail): needs further development. See the trail HERE.

See Base Camp for more information about about Magna Carta trails. See the project's Glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".