Maud (Clare) de Brewes (abt. 1180 - aft. 1220)

Born about 1180 in England

Ancestors

Wife of William (Braose) de Braose — married before 1198 in England [uncertain]

Descendants

Died after 10 Jul 1220 after about age 40 in England

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Biography

Birth and Parents

Maud de Clare was the daughter of Richard de Clare, Knt., Magna Carta Surety baron, 3rd Earl Hertford (but generally styled Earl of Clare), and Amice of Gloucester^[1][2] Richardson reports Maud as one of three daughters (Maud, Hawise, and possibly Joan) and four sons (Gilbert, Richard, Roger, Henry) of Richard de Clare and his wife Amice of Gloucester.^[1][3]

Maud's date of birth is estimated at about 1180 as Richardson notes that her eldest son, John, was aged 22 in 1219, placing his birth in 1197.^[1][4]

Note regarding Name:

• The names Maud and Matilda are interchangeable. The Latin is Matildis.
• Maud's husband's family name most often appears as de Braose. Richardson refers to her husband's family as Brewes. Cawley refers to the same family as Briouse. The Norman village from which they came was Briouse. Other variations are Breuse, Brause.

Marriage and Children

Maud married William de Brewes (or Breuse, Brause) of Bramber, Sussex^[1] before 1198. William was the son and heir apparent of William de Brewes (or Breuse) by Maud, daughter of Bernard de Saint Valery, Knt.^[2][4] Her maritagium included the manor and town of Buckingham, Buckinghamshire.^[2]

Maud and her husband William had four sons and one daughter.^[3][4] The sons are confirmed by an order of King Henry III ordering the release of "Johannes, Egidius et Philippus et Walterus filii Willelmi de Braosa" (John Giles Philip Walter, sons of William de Braos) dated [Jan] 1218.^[5]L

• John de Brewes,^[3][4][5] lord of Gower, Bramber, Findon, and Washington, son and heir, born about 1197, died before 16 July 1232, married Margaret of Wales and had children.^[2]
• Giles de Brewes,^[3][4][5] 2nd son, died without issue after January 1218.^[2]
• Phillip de Brewes,^[3][4][5] 3rd son, died before 12 September 1220, married Eve _____.^[2]
• Walter de Brewes,^[3][4][5] 4th son, died before 14 January 1234, married Hawise de London, no issue.^[2]
• Maud de Brewes,^[3][4] aka Matilda, married Henry de Tracy, Knt., of Barnstaple, Devon.^[2][5][6]

Husband's Death

While William de Braose was earlier in the king's favor, in 1210, enmity to the de Braose family from King John led to the imprisonment and death by starvation of Maud's husband William de Brewes and his mother, Maud/Matilda de Saint Valéry in the dungeons of Windsor Castle. Richardson reports that Maud herself escaped when her husband was captured, but was then imprisoned in Corfe Castle and was "restored to her father" on 28 July 1213.^[2][4]

Later Life

Richardson also notes that "in June 1215 custody of the town of Buckingham, Buckinghamshire was granted to Maud's father, Earl Richard de Clare" and that, in 1217, Maud had letters of conduct to come to England. ^[2][4] Cawley provides more detail, reporting that Henry III, King of England, granted letters of conduct to "Matildis de Breusa" dated 13 Aug 1217, but the extract neither states the purpose or destination of the journey nor gives any further information to identify Matilda more precisely.^[5]

In 1219 Maud sued her brother-in-law, Reynold de Brewes, for dower in several of the manors Sussex.^[2][4]

Death

Maud was living on 10 July 1220.^[2][4] Her date and place of death are unknown.

Research Notes

Disambiguation

Multiple Williams and Mauds in this family can cause confusion:

1. William (I), Guillaume de Briouse, died 11 December 1093/1095, wife unknown.
2. Philippe de Briouse, born between 1060-1070, and died 1131 or 1139, married Eleanor.
3. William (II) de Briouse, son of Philippe, born before 5 January 1096, died after 1175, married Bertha FitzMiles, daughter of Miles of Gloucester.
4. William (III) de Briouse, son of William (II), born about 1150, died in Corbeil 9 August 1211, buried in Paris, Saint-Victor. Richardson refers to him as William de Brewes III. William (III) married Mathilde de Saint Valéry, daughter of Bernard. They had a daughter Maud de Braose who married Gruffydd ap Rhys. Maud and Gruffydd in turn had a daughter LLeuca de Camville.
5. William (IV) de Briouse died in Corfe, 1210. Born about 1175, he married Maud de Clare.

Maude as Maude de Fay

While Charles Cawley regards William de Braose' wife Maud as most probably Maud de Clare, he states that there are no primary sources to confirm this, and identifies an alternate possibility:^[5] In 1881 antiquarian D. G. C. Elwes published an account of the De Braose family^[7] in which he disputed Matilda as a member of the de Clares, making her instead the daughter and co-heir of Ralph de Fay of Bromley, county Surry. In Elwes' presentation, William de Braose' wife began life as Maud de Fay, “the daughter of Ralph and sister and coheir of John de Fay”, adding that “after her first husband Wm de Braose’s death in 1210, [she] married Roger de Clere” to explains the de Clare connection.^[5]

Cawley notes that "a writ dated 27 Dec "46 Hen III", after the death of "Richard Lungespeye" refers to the manor of "Brumleghe" in Surrey being held by “John de Fay...after whose death it was parted between his two sisters Maud and Philippa, and from the said Maud issued a daughter Agatha.....The absence in this passage of any mention of the Briouse family, who would have been the senior heirs of “Maud” if she had married William [IV] de Briouse, suggests that she could not have been his wife." Cawley observes that Elwes cites no primary sources in developing his theory.^[5]

Cawley states that "the connection between the Fay and Clere families can be established by two claims recorded by Bracton, which, however, "do not state any relationship between Ralph de Fay and Matilda nor, more importantly, do they establish any connection with the Briouse family."^[5]

In 2001 Carl Boyer, generally a careful researcher, citing Elwes' 1881 article but adding no further sourcing, shows Maud, wife of William (IV) de Braiose, as Maud de Fay rather than Maud de Clare.^[8]

Maude as Joan, Wife of Rhys "Gryg" ap Rhys

In 1219, "the daughter of the earl of Clare"^[9] married Rhys Gryg ap Rhys, Rhys the Hoarse, son of Rhys ap Gruffydd and his wife Gwnllian of Powys.

Cawley cites this marriage in making "Rhys the Hoarse" the second husband of a combined person named Matilda/Joan. Cawley merges the two names and refers to her as Matilda [Joan] de Clare in connection with the marraige to Rhys Gryg.^[10] Cawley provides no sourcing, however, for the notion that there was a Matllda/Joan who married these two husbands.

Carl Boyer notes some uncertainty regarding the wife of Rhys Gryg, noting that one source names her as an unnamed daughter of Gilbert III, Earl of Clare, while Bridgman believed she was Joane, daughter of Richard de Clare, 4th Earl of Hereford, and sister of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Cloucester and Hereford.^[11][12]

Richardson, however, treats them as two different daughters of Richard de Clare, and following Richardson,

• Maud de Clare is not married to Rhys Gryg ap Rhys.
• Maud's sister, Joan, is married to Rhys Gryg ap Rhys.

Additional Daughters

Vernon Norr names additional daughters:^[13]

• Annor (Eleanor) de Brewes
• Eve de Brewes

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3} Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011, vol. 1, pages 446-448, CLARE 1.v.
2. ↑ ^{2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11} Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd ed., (2011), vol. I, page 314 BREWES 2: Maud de Clare.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6} Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013, vol. II, page 183, DE CLARE.
4. ↑ ^{4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11} Richardson, Royal Ancestry, (2013), vol. I, pages 527-528 BREWES 6.
5. ↑ ^{5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10} Charles Cawley. William IV de Briouse, entry in "Medieval Lands" database (accessed 17 Mar 2020.
6. ↑ Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd ed. (2013), vol. I, page 75 AUDLEY: Maud de Brewes.
7. ↑ Douglas George Cary Elwes. "De Braose Family" in The Genealogist, (London, England: Golding and Lawrence, 1881) Online at Archive.org, Chapter 5, page 318.
8. ↑ Carl Boyer, 3rd. Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans. Santa Clarita, CA: the author, 2001. William (III) de Braose is #4 on page 40.
9. ↑ John Williams, ed. Brut y Tywysogion or The Chronicle of the Princes. (London: Longman, green, Longman & Roberts, 1860). Online at Archive.org, page 305.
10. ↑ Charles Cawley. Matilda (Joan) de Clare, entry in "Medieval Lands" database (accessed 17 Mar 2020).
11. ↑ Carl Boyer, 3rd. Medieval Welsh Ancestors of Certain Americans. Santa Clarita, CA: the author, 2004. Rhys Gryg is #41 on page 304.
12. ↑ A search of changes to this profile found details about "Bridgman", whom Boyer (op.cit.) was apparently quoting:
    
    Rhys Gryg (or Fychan) ab yr Arglwydd Rhys ap Gruffudd ap Rhys was said to have died in 1233 (Bridgman, 175), or at Llandeilo-awr in 1234 (DWB, 843).
    
    
13. ↑ Vernon M. Norr, Some Early English Pedigrees. (Arlington, VA: 1968), page 34.

• Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011). See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013). See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.
• Cawley, Charles. "Medieval Lands": A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families © by Charles Cawley, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for MedLands. Profiles of: William IV de Briouse and Matilda (Joan) de Clare. NOTE: Cawley's site is a database containing extensive citations from original sources. Regrettably, Cawley's presentation of his Matilda/Joan entry contains unsourced statements which cannot be supported (notably listing her as the daughter of Roger, son of Richard and Amice).

See also:

• Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry (2011), vol. I, page 387 CALTHORPE.
• Richardson, Royal Ancestry (2013), vol. IV, page 55 MARTIN 7.

Acknowledgements

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Magna Carta Project

This profile was reviewed and approved for the Magna Carta Project ~ Thiessen-117 00:18, 18 March 2020 (UTC).

Maud de Clare is the daughter of Magna Carta Surety Baron Richard de Clare and is in trails badged by the Magna Carta Project to the following Gateway Ancestors:

• Brent Gateways (Giles, George and Robert): developed in Dec 2019 and badged in May 2020. See the trail HERE.
• Nathaniel Browne (MCA IV:22-30 SHIRLEY): badged July 2021. See the trail HERE.
• Christopher Calthorpe (MCA I:387-392 CALTHORPE): trail badged 18 March 2020 can be seen HERE.
• Elizabeth Covert: developed in 2018 and badged in March 2020. The trail is outlined HERE.
• Thomas Dudley (MCA II:95-98 DUDLEY): trail badged 10 March 2024. See it HERE.
• Edmund Hawes: badged in May 2020; additional trail (MCA II: 380-383 HAWES) badged July 2021. See the trails HERE.
• Lowe Gateways (Vincent, Jane, Henry and Nicholas) (MCA III:57-59 LOWE). See the trail HERE.
• Mary Johanna Somerset: badged 22 Sep 2020. See trail HERE.

Maud de Clare appears in unbadged trails (needing work) to the following Gateways:

• John Bevan (MCA I:190-192 BEVAN): trail needs development. See it HERE.
• Randolph Gateways (William and Henry) (MCA III:416-422 RANDOLPH): trail not yet been developed on WikiTree and is detailed HERE.

See Base Camp for more information about Magna Carta trails. See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".