Roger (Clifford) de Clifford (1333 - 1389)

Born 10 Jul 1333 in Westmorland, England [uncertain]

Ancestors

Husband of Maud (Beauchamp) de Clifford — married before 20 Mar 1357 in England [uncertain]

Descendants

Died 13 Jul 1389 at age 56 in England [uncertain]

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Biography

Birth and Parents

Roger de Clifford, Knt., 5th Lord Clifford, younger son of Robert de Clifford, 3rd Lord Clifford, and his wife Isabel, daughter of Maurice de Berkeley, Knt., was born on 10 July 1333.^[1][2][3] Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (ODNB) calls Roger the second son of his parents and gives him a birthplace of Brougham Castle in Westmorland.^[4]

Roger's father died in 1344, and his eldest son, Robert, was his heir. His brother Robert died early in 1346, leaving no heirs, so 12 year old Roger inherited the Clifford lands and titles. Roger became a ward of Thomas de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, (his future father-in-law) on 17 March 1346.^[4]

Lands and Titles

Lands: Roger had livery of his lands 14 May 1354 and made proof of his age three months later 10 August 1354^[3][4]

• Appleby, Brough, Brougham, and King's Meaborn, Westmorland^[1]
• Hart and Hartlepool, Durham (1357)^[1]
• Bridge Sollers, Herefordshire^[1]
• Eckington (1361), and Tenbury, Worcestershire^[1]
• He had livery of the Castle of Skipton in Craven after his mother's 1362 death,^[3] after litigation with his step-father, Sir Thomas Musgrave of Musgrave, who was removed from the property in 1366.^[4]

Titles:

• 5th Lord Clifford (heir to his older brother, Robert, 4th Lord Clifford, in 1345)^[1]
• hereditary Sheriff of Westmorland^[1] in 1360^[3]
• Warden of the East and West Marches^[3] of Scotland^[1]
• hereditary Sheriff of Cumberland^[1] in 1377-1378^[3][4]
• Governor of Carlisle Castle^[1] in 1377^[3]
• Knight Banneret^[3]
• Fifth Lord of the Honour of Skipton^[5]

He was summoned to Parliament from 15 December 1357 to 28 July 1388.^[3][4] He was Trier of Petitions in 1363, 1373 and 1376^[1] and was in both Parliaments in 1377.^[4] He was one of the lords in November 1381 "who demanded the repeal of manumissions granted during the peasants revolt".^[4] He testified in the famous Scrope-Grosvenor case in 1386,^[1] giving evidence on 12 October 1386.^[3]

Military and Travels

• 1350: in the sea fight with the Spaniards at Winchelsea,^[1] known as "les Espagnols sur Mer"^[4]
• 1355: in the expedition to Gascony^[1] in the first division of the army led by Edward, the Black Prince, along with the Earl of Warwick^[4]
• 1356: employed in the defense of the Marches of Scotland^[1]
• Served in the Wars in Scotland and France^[1][3]
• 1359-1360: served in Edward III's expedition to France^[4]
• 1361: with the Duke of Clarence in his Irish expedition^[1]
• 1366: received his first commission as a march warden in May of this year^[4]
• 1369: returned to France in the king's retinue^[4]
• 1373: served in the French expedition of John, Duke of Lancaster^[1]
• 1374: in August, appointed as one of the commissioners to settle the Percy-Douglas dispute over Jedworth Forest^[4]
• 1379: retained by Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March, to serve in Ireland (it is uncertain if he actually went there)^[4]
• 1383: entrusted with the castle of Carlisle^[6]
• 1385: acted as one of commanders of the English rearguard when Richard II invaded Scotland ^[4]
• 1386: given orders to safeguard Hartlepool, County Durham, against treats from the Scots and French, "upon his allegiance and under pain of forfeiture, as he will answer for hurt and peril that may happen thereby"^[7]
• 1388: went to Brittany with the Earl of Arundel,^[1] during which time the Scots invaded England and destroyed a number of his estates, including Brougham, Brough and Appleby^[4]

Marriage and Children

Roger married Maud de Beauchamp, daughter of Thomas de Beauchamp, K.G., 11th Earl of Warwick, and Katherine de Mortimer, daughter of Roger de Mortimer, 1st Earl of March,^[3] before 20 March 1357.^[1] Maud and Sir Roger de Clifford had three sons and three daughters:

• Thomas Clifford, Knt., 6th Lord Clifford,^[4] born about 1363, died 18 August 1391, married Elizabeth de Roos (or Ros) and had issue^[8][9]
• Roger Clifford,^[1] ODNB mentions: "A son Roger, mentioned in a deed of 1365, may have been illegitimate, or may have predeceased his father."^[4] No other sources found for this son.
• William Clifford, Knt.^[1] who married Anne Bardolf.^[4] William died 25 March 1418.^[10]
• Philippe Clifford, married William Ferrers, Knt., 5th Lord Ferrers of Groby^[1] (not mentioned in ODNB)
• Katherine Clifford, married Ralph Greystoke, Knt., 3rd Lord Greystoke.^[1][4] She died 23 April 1413.^[11][12]
• Margaret Clifford, married John Melton, Knt.,^[4] of Aston and Kilham, Yorkshire^[1]
• Maud Clifford, died before 16 May 1442, married Sir Robert Hilton, Lord Hilton: not named by Richardson or ODNB but clearly identified in a charter of 1397/8 (21 Richard II) and in a pardon her husband received in 1442.^[13][14][15]

Death

Sir Roger de Clifford died testate on 13 July 1389,^[1] aged 56.^[3] He had been appointed as a warden of the west march in January 1389 and appears to have retreated to Skipton, where he was recorded on 8 May,^[4] and he may have died there.

His Inquisition Post Mortem by writ dated 20 July 1389 names his son Thomas, aged 24 and more, as his heir.^[16]

He may have been buried at Bolton Priory, where he was a patron and benefactor of the nuns of Arthington.^[4]

His widow, Maud, died January or February 1402/3^[1][3] (ODNB gives her date of death as 28 February 1403).^[4] Her IPM by writ dated 12 April 1403 named her heir as John, aged 13 and more, son of her son Thomas.^[17]

Research Notes

Disputed Children

Profiles detached:

• Lewis Clifford^[3] "the Lollard". See the Wikipedia article on Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron, which says Dugdale lists him as a son but "Sir H. Nicolas shows to have been probably his brother, but certainly not his son"^[18]
• Mary (unsourced)
• Isabella (unsourced)

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26} Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2013), Vol. II, p 244-245, CLIFFORD 12, Roger de Clifford.
2. ↑ Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011), vol. I, pages 504-506, CLIFFORD 8, Roger de Clifford.
3. ↑ ^{3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14} George Edward Cokayne and Vicary Gibbs ed. Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom. Vol. III: Canonteign - Cutts, 2nd edition. (London, 1913). Online at Archive.org, pg 292.
4. ↑ ^{4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24} Henry Summerson. "Clifford, Roger, fifth Baron Clifford (1333–1389), magnate." in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 23 Sep. 2004. Accessed 20 Mar. 2021. ODNB [$].
5. ↑ Clifford pedigree noting 'Table Showing the Descent of the Barony of Clifford'
6. ↑ 'Close Rolls, Richard II: June 1383', in Calendar of Close Rolls, Richard II: Volume 2, 1381-1385, ed. H C Maxwell Lyte (London, 1920), pp. 271-281, entries for 26 May 1383, British History Online, accessed 21 March 2021
7. ↑ 'Close Rolls, Richard II: October 1386', in Calendar of Close Rolls, Richard II: Volume 3, 1385-1389, ed. H C Maxwell Lyte (London, 1921), pp. 186-192, entry for 15 October 1386, British History Online, accessed 21 March 2021
8. ↑ Richardson. Royal Ancestry. Vol. II, p 245, CLIFFORD 13, Thomas de Clifford.
9. ↑ 'Close Rolls, Richard II: August-October 1389', in Calendar of Close Rolls, Richard II: Volume 4, 1389-1392, ed. H C Maxwell Lyte (London, 1922), pp. 20-28, entry for 12 October 1389, British History Online, accessed 21 March 2021: "To William Frost escheator in Yorkshire. Order, in presence of Thomas de Clifforde knight, son and heir of Roger de Clifforde knight, or of his attorney, to assign to Maud who was the said Roger's wife dower of the knights' fees and advowsons of her husband."
10. ↑ Richardson. Royal Ancestry. Vol. II, page 270, COBHAM 10.
11. ↑ Richardson. Royal Ancestry. Vol III, page 138, GREYSTOKE 12.
12. ↑ Cokayne. Complete Peerage. 2nd ed., Vol. VI: Gordon to Hurstpierpoint, (London, 1926). Online at FamilySearch.org, page 196
13. ↑ Cokayne. Complete Peerage, 2nd ed., Vol VII: Husee to Lincolnshire, (London, 1929). Online at Archive.org, pages 27-28.
14. ↑ John S. Wurts. Magna Charta. (Philadelphia: Brookfield Pub. Co., 1944). Online at HathiTrust, page 815: "William de Hilton kt., lord of Hilton, by charterm, dated 13 Apr. 21 Ric. II, granted certain lands to Robert Hilton, his son, and Maud, da. of Lady of Clyfford, and the heirs made of their bodies." "Pardon to Robert Hilton kt., son of William de Hilton kt., in that he and Maud, late his wife, day. of Maud, Lady of Clifford, ..."
15. ↑ Latin text of pardon in 'Evidences of the pedigree of Hilton' section, entry 17, in Robert Surtees, 'Parish of Monk-Wearmouth', in The History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham, Volume 2, Chester Ward (London, 1820), pp. 1-39, British History Online, accessed 21 March 2021
16. ↑ M. C. B. Dawes, M. R. Devine, H. E. Jones and M. J. Post, 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Richard II, File 59', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem. Volume 16, Richard II (London, 1974), pp. 320-328. Online at British History Online, accessed 20 March 2021.
17. ↑ J. L. Kirby. "Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry IV, Entries 741-803," in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 18, Henry IV, (London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1987), 244-268. Online at British History Online: #775. Accessed March 20, 2021.
18. ↑ Wikipedia: Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron de Clifford

See also:

• 'Brougham', in An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Westmorland (London, 1936), pp. 54-63. British History Online, accessed 20 March 2021.
• Weis, Frederick Lewis. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700. (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2004). Online at Ancestry.com [$], Line 11, #34, page 16, Line 26, #32 and Line 202, #32.
• Lewis, Marlyn. Sir Roger de Clifford entry in Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors and Cousins website.
• Kathryn Warner's blog entry for January 25, 2015 about Robert Clifford & Maud de Clare and their children, which includes a bit about the sons of Robert & Isabel (but no information on children of Roger & Maud de Beauchamp)
• Brougham Castle: "In a picturesque setting beside the crossing of the River Eamont in Cumbria, Brougham Castle was founded in the early 13th century."
• Brough Castle: in "1203 King John gave Brough, along with Appleby and the Lordship of Westmorland, to Robert de Vieupoint, the builder of Brougham. By 1254, the castle was neglected. . . . Brough, like Brougham Castle, passed to the Cliffords in 1268."

• Wikipedia: Roger Clifford, 5th Baron Clifford

• Wikidata: Item Q7359192, en:Wikipedia

Acknowledgements

Magna Carta Project

This profile was re-reviewed for the Magna Carta project on 20 Mar 2021 by Traci Thiessen.

Roger de Clifford is a descendant of Magna Carta surety barons Roger le Bigod, Hugh le Bigod, Saher de Quincy, Gilbert de Clare, Richard de Clare, and John de Lacy.

Roger (Clifford) de Clifford appears in a Richardson-documented trail from from the Levis/Need Gateway Ancestors (Samuel Levis, Hannah (Levis) Blunston, Sarah (Levis) Bradshaw, Mary Need and Joseph Need) to Magna Carta Surety Barons Hugh le Bigod and Roger le Bigod (vol. II, pages 221-223 NEED). This profile is also in trails identified by the Magna Carta Project from the Levis/Need Gateways to surety barons Saher de Quincy, John de Lacy, Gilbert de Clare and Richard de Clare. These trails were developed as part of the Samuel Levis trail to the Bigods by John Sigh and were badged in February 2020 by Michael Cayley. The trails can be seen in the Magna Carta Trails sections in the profiles of Samuel Levis and Mary Need.

Roger (Clifford) de Clifford is in a trail badged by the Magna Carta Project in September 2015 from Gateway Ancestor Robert Peyton to Magna Carta Surety Barons Richard de Clare, Gilbert de Clare, John de Lacy, and Saher de Quincy. These trails are set out in the Magna Carta Trails section of the Gateway's profile.

See Base Camp for more information about identified Magna Carta trails and their status. See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".