Thomas (Mowbray) de Mowbray KG
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Thomas (Mowbray) de Mowbray KG (abt. 1367 - 1399)

Thomas "Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Lord Mowbray, Lord Segrave, Earl Marshal of England" de Mowbray KG formerly Mowbray
Born about in Englandmap
Ancestors ancestors
Son of and
Brother of , , and
Husband of — married after 20 Feb 1382 in Englandmap [uncertain]
Husband of — married Jul 1384 (to 22 Sep 1399) in Arundel Castle, Sussex, Englandmap
Descendants descendants
Father of , , , and
Died at about age 32 in Venice, Italymap
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Profile last modified | Created 21 Sep 2010
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Contents

Biography

Birth and Parents

Thomas Mowbray, K.G., 1st Earl of Nottingham, 1st Duke of Norfolk, Lord Mowbray and Seagrave, Earl Marshall of England, was the younger son of John de Mowbray, Knt., 4th Lord Mowbray, and Elizabeth de Segrave, suo jure Lady Seagrave. He was born 22 March 1366/7 or 1367/8 (aged 33 in 1399).[1][2][3] His birthplace is unknown.
Both of Thomas' parents died in/by 1368 and custody of Thomas and his brother John was given to their great-aunt, Blanche Wake, in 1372.[4]

Marriages and Children

Thomas married first after 20 February 1382/3 to Elizabeth le Strange, suo jure Lady Strange of Blackmere,[3] daughter and heiress of John le Strange, 5th Lord Strange of Blackmere, and Isabel, daughter of Thomas de Beauchamp, K.G., 11th Earl of Warwick.[1][2] They had no issue, Elizabeth having been born 6 December 1373 and dying 23 August 1383,[1] aged 10.[3] The marriage was purchased for Thomas for about £1,000 by Richard II.[4]
Thomas married second to Elizabeth Arundel, widow of William Montagu, Knt., styled Lord Montague, who died 6 August 1382. Elizabeth was the daughter of Richard de Arundel, K.G., 11th Earl of Arundel, and Elizabeth, daughter of William de Bohun, K.G., 1st Earl of Northampton and grandson of King Edward I.[1][3] They were married "at Arundel Castle in July 1384 in the presence of the king and queen",[1][2] and the festivities lasted for a week.[4] Although the king attended their wedding festivities, the marriage was contracted without his license, and the king ordered Thomas' lands to be seized untl the full value of the marriage was recovered.[4]
Thomas and Elizabeth had two sons and three daughters:

Death and Legacy

Sir Thomas made his will on 23 May 1389. He died 22 September 1399, "of pestilence at Venice, Italy... on his return from pilgrimage to the Holy Land. He was buried in Venice, place unknown",[1][2] perhaps at the Abbey of St. George.[3][4][6] Thomas' dukedom was annulled by Parliament on 6 October 1399,[1] and his widow, Elizabeth, was demoted to countess of Norfolk.[4]
Elizabeth, married third to Robert Goushill, Knt., and fourth to Gerard Usflete, Knt.[1][4] Elizabeth died 8 July 1425[3] and was buried with her third husband at Hoverington, Nottinghamshire.[1]

Timeline

  • 1382: Retained as a king's knight and granted the right to hunt in the royal forests.[4]
  • 12 February 1382/3: Heir to his elder brother John de Mowbray, Knt., Earl of Nottingham,[1] who died unmarried 10 February 1382/3,[4] at which time Thomas became Lord Mowbray and Segrave.[3] He was also created Earl of Nottingham[1][3] and was granted custody of his own inheritance, despite being under age.[4]
  • circa 1383: Knight of the Garter (K.G.).[3][4][7]
  • June 1385: Summoned for service against the Scots and was in the King's first expedition into Scotland.[3]
  • 30 June 1385: Granted the office of Marshal of England[6] for life, receiving by charter on 12 January 1385/6 that office "with the name, title and honour of Earl Marshall in tail male".[1][3][4]
  • 1387: Served in the naval victory over the French, Spanish and Flemish fleets[7] off Margate, serving under his father-in-law,[1] the Earl of Arundel, on 24 March 1386/7.[3][4]
  • by 12 December 1387: Joined with the Duke of Gloucester and Earls of Arundel and Warwick and "appealed of treason" five of the king's closest supporters. The group, known as the "lords appellant", started an armed rebellion against Richard II and won, gaining control of the government and securing the conviction and execution of eight of Richard's supporters.[4]
  • 1389: Divisions between the lords appellant grew and Thomas reconciled with the king by 1389.[4] Privy Councillor.[1]
  • 1389-1391: Warden of the East Marches;[1][3] Made Keeper of Berwick and Roxburgh castles[1] in 1389[3] and was awarded £12,000 a year for this position.[4]
  • May 1390: Commissioner to negotiate a truce with the Scots and joined in the letter of the King and peers to the Pope.[3]
  • 1391/2-1398: Captain of Calais,[1] appointed 1 February 1390/1 for five years from 1 June[3] but holding that office until 1398.[4]
  • 1392: Lieutenant of Calais, Picardy, Flanders and Artois,[1] appointed 6 November 1392.[3]
  • 1394/5: Accompanied the King to Ireland;[3] also made Chief Justice of North Wales and of Chester and Flint[1] for life.[4]
  • October 1395: Thomas was one of the commissioners to contract the King's marriage to Isabel of France,[3] along with Edward, Earl of Rutland and William Scrope.[4]
  • 1395: Appointed Ambassador to France.[1]
  • 1396: Jointly, until Feb/March 1396,[3] negotiated the terms of the king's marriage and acted as one of the French king's escorts at the wedding at Calais.[4]
  • 26 June 1396: Had license to found a Carthusian house at Epworth, Lincolnshire.[3][4][8]
  • 1397: Keeper of the Castle, Town and Lordship of Lewes.[1]
  • July 1397: Accompanied the King to Pleshey to arrest the Duke of Gloucester for plotting against the King,[3] thus beginning the king's revenge against Thomas' former co-appellants. Thomas had no choice but to go along with the king in these matters or he would have been punished along with the others.[4]
  • 24 September 1397: Thomas, who had Gloucester in his custody, failed to produce him to answer charges in Parliament, stating that Gloucester had died. It was thought that he had been murdered and, two years later, Thomas was implicated.[4]
  • 29 September 1397: created Duke of Norfolk[1][6] and given lands forfeited by the Earls of Arundel and Warwick as reward for same.[3] That same day, Thomas was also pardoned for his part in the opposition of the royal faction in 1387/8.[4]
  • January 1398: Accused of "treason uttered in conversation" in December 1397 by Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford.[1] Thomas went into hiding for a short time, during which time parliament stripped of his office of earl marshall.[4]
  • before March 1398: Thomas turned himself in and was imprisoned at Windsor Castle and all his goods were seized.[4]
  • September 1398: As Thomas and Bolingbroke had refused reconciliation, the king ordered the dukes to a jousting tournament; however, Richard II changed his mind at the last minute and ordered both Dukes to be banished, Bolingbroke for ten years and Thomas for life. Thomas was ordered to leave England by 20 October.[4] Thomas' lands were confiscated[1] with the exception of £1000 a year to support himself in exile.[4] He received "license to travel to Almain, Bohemia and Hungary, and to cross the sea in pilgrimage."[1]
  • 19 October 1398: Thomas left England on 19 October 1398[3] with 30 servants, headed toward Dordrecht. He arrived in Venice by 18 February 1399, where he borrowed ships and money in order to travel to the holy land.[4]
  • 24 March 1398/9: During Thomas' exile, his grandmother, Margaret Marshal, Duchess of Norfolk, died. He was to have succeeded her in the Earldom of Norfolk,[3][6] however, Richard II seized the inheritance for himself.[4]

Lands

Between 1389 and his downfall in 1398, Thomas held the following lands:
  • Estates inherited from his brother, worth about £1400 annually, included:
  1. Manors in the Isle of Axholme in North Lincolnshire, grouped around Epworth Castle[4]
  2. Manors in central and northern Yorkshire, from Hovingham to Nidderdale Castle[4]
  3. Midland manors based on Melton Mowbray in Leicestershire[4]
  4. The honour of Bramber in Sussex, including Horsham, St Leonard's Chase, and Shoreham by Sea, as well as Bramber Castle[4]
  • He also stood to inherit properties held by his grandmother, Countess of Norfolk, in Norfolk and Suffolk, worth approximately £2850 a year.
  • He was also involved in a claim to the lordship of Gower in South Wales, which had been in dispute with the Beauchamps since 1354. Richard II restored this to Thomas in 1397, and added 17 more midland manors for Thomas to hold in trust for 11 years, in order to recoup his lost income from Gower.[4]

Sources

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011, vol. III, page 208, MOWBRAY 7.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), volume IV, pages 187-192 MOWBRAY 6 (John de Mowbray), 7 (Thomas Mowbray).
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 Cokayne, George Edward and H.A. Doubleday et. al eds. Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Vol. IX: Moels to Nuneham, 2nd edition. (London, 1936), online at FamilySearch.org, pages 601-604.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 4.37 4.38 4.39 Given-Wilson, C. "Mowbray, Thomas, first duke of Norfolk (1366–1399), magnate" in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. September 23, 2004. Oxford University Press, accessed 3 Dec 2019 at ODNB (with subscription).
  5. ↑ Richardson, Royal Ancestry, MOWBRAY 8.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Charles Cawley. Thomas Mowbray, entry in database of Medieval Lands: A Prosopography of Medieval European Noble and Royal Families, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for MedLands.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Knights of the Garter (Heraldica list, #72).
  8. ↑ "Houses of Carthusian monks: The priory of Axholme" in A History of the County of Lincoln: Volume 2. Ed. William Page. London: Victoria County History, 1906. Online at British History Online, pages 158-160.
  • Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011). See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
  • Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013). See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.
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Comments: 11

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Cayley-55 Michael Cayley
The error message was simply because WT does not like numbers in titles in the nickname field. I have removed them. On the warning about the birth date, it is not certain whether Thomas was born in March 1366 or March 1367. His older brother John is said to have been born on 1 August 1365. Thomas himself was said to be 33 in 1399, the year of his death. Research would be needed to see if anything can be done to firm up the birth year, but Richardson has been unable to do so.
posted by Michael Cayley
Noland-165 Liz (Noland) Shifflett
Could someone who knows add the titles in "Other Nicknames" to the biography? A new error message prevents saving after an edit:
Error: Invalid data. The following must be corrected:
  • The Nicknames (1st Duke of Norfolk, 6th Baron Mowbray, 7th Baron Segrave, Earl of Nottingham, Lord Marshal of England) can only contain letters, spaces, periods, dashes, commas and apostrophes.

There's also an automated message:

Warning: Check the data.
  • A birth date (Mowbray-12 born 22 Mar 1366) should not be within eight months of a sibling's birth date (Mowbray-78 born 1 Aug 1365) unless they are twins born within a day of each other.
posted by Liz (Noland) Shifflett
Noland-165 Liz (Noland) Shifflett
Updating his daughter Isabel's profile - her hidden text had that she is "also descended from William de Mowbray, the Bigods, and John de Lacy through her father, Thomas de Mowbray" & notes her Gateway Ancestors (see Mowbray-17#Magna Carta Project).
posted by Liz (Noland) Shifflett
Noland-165 Liz (Noland) Shifflett
Data warning received:
  • A birth date (Mowbray-12 born 22 Mar 1366) should not be within eight months of a sibling's birth date (Mowbray-78 born 1 Aug 1365) unless they are twins born within a day of each other.
posted by Liz (Noland) Shifflett

Rejected matches › Thomas Mowbray (1645-)

Thomas is 23 degrees from Emeril Lagasse, 22 degrees from Nigella Lawson, 21 degrees from Maggie Beer, 38 degrees from Mary Hunnings, 31 degrees from Joop Braakhekke, 28 degrees from Michael Chow, 23 degrees from Ree Drummond, 22 degrees from Paul Hollywood, 23 degrees from Matty Matheson, 26 degrees from Martha Stewart, 31 degrees from Danny Trejo and 29 degrees from Molly Yeh on our single family tree. Login to find your connection.

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Categories: Knights Companion of the Garter, Richard II creation | House of Mowbray