Erial Stevens (1842 - 1922)

Born 1 Mar 1842 in Youngstown, Niagara Co, NY

Ancestors

Husband of Rosannah Lucretia (Hawkins) Stevens — married 9 Sep 1866 in Delaware Co, OH

Descendants

Died 18 Dec 1922 at age 80 in New Market, Taylor Co, IA

Problems/Questions Profile manager: Sara Patton [send private message]

Birth

1 MAR 1842, Youngstown, Niagara Co, NY-date given in his Civil War Pension file. Location in obit.

Death

18 DEC 1922 New Market, Taylor Co, IA-- Erial Stevens-age 80- died at daughter's home-Mrs. Charles Koons (Della March Stevens Koons) in New Market, Taylor Co, IA, according to his pension records, his obituary, and family memory.

Obit: The Red Oak Sun, Dec 22 1922

"Erial Stevens Dead

Long Time Resident Here Passed Away At Home of Daughter Near New Market Monday.

Erial Stevens, early settler of Montgomery county, and well known here over 50 years, died Monday at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Chas. Koons, near New Market, from a complication of diseases incident to old age. He had been sick for about two weeks.

: The remains were brought to Red Oak for burial, funeral services being held at the home of Harry Stevens at three o'clock Tuesday afternoon. Rev. Burris, of Clarinda, was assisted by Rev. E.A. McKim, of the Red Oak Christian church. The pallbearers were [nephews] A.M. Hawkins, Russell Hawkins, O.E. Jackson, Walter Jackson, Ralph Jackson and [son in law] Chas. Koons. Burial was in the Red Oak cemetery. Those who were here from a distance to attend the funeral included Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Koons and Mr. and Mrs. B.F. Jones, of New Market, and Rev. Burris, of Clarinda.

Erial Stevens was born in New York March 4, 1842, and was married there to Miss Rose Hawkins, who died here in 1920. They came to this county in 1868, ahead of the railroad, and lived on a farm in Grant township for many years. After moving to Red Oak Mr. Stevens engaged in the livery business, conducted a restaurant, worked at the carpenter trade and had the mail carrying contract to the depot. He served as city marshal for several years. During the Civil war he fought with the Union army, and he was a member of the G.A.R. post of this city. Mr. Stevens was the last surviving charter member of the Red Oak Christian church.

Surviving relatives are the four children, Delno, of Webster City; Inda, in Minnesota; Harry of Villisca; Mrs. Chas. Koons, New Market.

Mr. Stevens was one of Red Oak's pioneers, and was instrumental in promoting the interests of the community. He leaves many friends who extend sincere sympathy to the sorrowing family."

Red Oak Express, 18 Dec 1922 ERIAL STEVENS DIES EARLY THIS MORNING

Erial Stevens, a resident of this city for many years, died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Chas. Koons, at 2 o’clock this morning. Mr. Stevens had been in failing health for the past year. Funeral services will be held Tuesday afternoon at 3 o’clock at the home of his son, Harry Stevens.

Red Oak Express, Dec 1922 (ca 19th-25th)

Erial Stevens

Erial Stevens was born in Youngstown, Niagara county, New York, March 1st, 1842, and departed this life December 18, 1922, at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Chas. Koons of New Market.

At the age of 13 he went to live with an uncle upon a farm near Milford, Ohio, and when 17 went to work on his father's farm, where he also learned the carpenter's trade. When the Civil war broke out, he left his hammer and saw and the father with whom he was working, and enlisted in Company C, 32nd Ohio Infantry, answering the first call for volunteers. His regiment was sent to the eastern field of war, where he took part in the early Virginia battles. He was captured at Harper's Ferry, paroled and sent to Camp Douglas, Ohio. He took part in many of the principal battles of the war, being with General Sherman on the march to the sea, and was discharged at Louisville, Ky., July 10, 1865. He served exactly four years and during that time was never sick or wounded seriously enough to miss a roll call.

On September 9 1866, he was married to Miss Rosanna L. Hawkins, of Knox County Ohio. After living there two years, he and his wife moved to Delaware, Ohio, and in November, 1968, they came to Red Oak having made the trip overland, and since then has resided in or near that place. During these years, Mr. Stevens lead an active business life being engaged in farming for a number of years. Later he moved his family to Red Oak entering the livery business, was also in the oil business and proprietor of a restaurant for some time. He served the community in the capacity of night watchman for several years and for 10 years a mail carrier, later operating a light delivery wagon until the spring of 1916, when he retired to obtain the much need rest which his many years of active life had entitled him to.

Mr. Stevens professed his faith in Christ and obeyed him in baptism on February 16, 1873. He is the last of the charter members of the Christian Church at Red Oak and one of the three persons who signed the papers for the purchase of the ground upon which the first Christian church in Red Oak was built. He was ready to go when the summons came.

Mr. Stevens was the father of six children three sons and three daughters, two daughters having preceeded him in death. Those surviving are W. D. of Amboy, Minn., Inda of ___, Minn., Harry E. of Red Oak,......(page torn)

HEADSTONE Erial's headstone in the Red Oak cemetery gives dates 1842-1922. Erial is buried with his wife Rose L. and daughter Eva Lillie McAllister. A GAR (Grand Army of the Republic) marker at his headstone shows he fought in the Civil War.

Note

The following information is a summary of two oral histories as told to Loie Stevens Firkins by Sophia McCallister Totty, dated Nov 22, 1965 and by Della Stevens Koons as well as other information I've gathered from military, census and land records.-Sara Stevens Patton

Erial Stevens was born in Youngstown, Niagara County NY, March 1, 1842. When his mother died in 1855, he (age 13) and his sister Ella (age 6) were sent to live with an uncle on a farm in Milford Township, near Mt. Vernon, Ohio, approximately 35 m. northeast of Columbus. His uncle (no name ever given but thought to be John Stevens) was a neighbor of Ephraim Hawkins and the Jackson family. At age 17, he went to work on father's farm learning the carpenter's trade. He and his father are listed in the 1860 census, living with the Edward Beach family. (Beach also born in NY and may have been a neighbor in Niagara County.)

At some point, he went to work for Ephraim Hawkins, living at his farm. It was there he met his future bride, Roseannah--called Rose. Although he was fairly short, only 5'5", he took great pride in his ability to work as hard as bigger men. He devised a system of straps to allow him to lift heavy weights. He worked his way up to being able to lift 900 lbs. (This could be a Stevens exaggeration but that's what it says!)

When the Civil War broke out in 1861, Erial was one of the first--and youngest-- to enlist as a volunteer, enlisting in Co. C, 32nd Ohio Infantry at Mt. Vernon, Ohio in July 20, 1861 for a three year term. His military records show that on Augusta 31, 1861, he was listed on Cp Dennison Company Muster Roll. He states he was born in Niagra (sic) Co, NY, his occupation-carpenter, his physical description as grey eyes, black hair, dark complexion, 5'5" tall, age 19. Of the 94 men who enlisted in his company, he was the youngest.

On August 10, he was sent to Camp Bartley in Mansfield, Ohio. He was sent to Virginia with Ulysses Grant. His unit traveled through Greenbrier Co, WV where 100 years earlier the See family had been attacked by the Shawnee. Erial fought under Ulysses S. Grant in the Battle of Cross Keys near Massanutten, VA in the Shenandoah Valley. On Sept. 15, 1862, he was captured at Harpers Ferry, VA. His attendance records for Oct. 31, 1862 state he "left after muster, probably deserted Oct. 31, 1862". Other records state there was no record of arrest or being AWOL and that he was paroled as part of a prisoner exchange in January, 1863 and sent to Camp Douglas, Ohio.

From then on, Erial served in the western army, participating in 94 engagements. At the Battle of Lookout Mountain, near Chattanooga, Tennessee, his gun was shot out of his hand, the barrel bursting, killing a comrade. He later told his children that he was hit by a mini ball on one of the brass buttons of his uniform but was uninjured.

Erial also fought at the Battle of Vicksburg in Mississippi and it was there on Dec. 10, 1863 that he re-enlisted for another three years and was promoted to sergeant. He went on the troops under General Sherman on the infamous March to the Sea (July 21-22, 1864). On June 22, 1865, he was given a 30 day furlough and was discharged in Louisville, Ky., July 20, 1865. In the four years he served, he never missed roll call or was hospitalized. He and Edward Sprague were the only members to serve the full four years without serious sickness. He was later charged 45 cents for lost ordnance, $17.07 for a lost bayonet scabbard; 65 cents for one canteen, and $1.05 for lost ordnance.

A year after his return, Erial married Rosanna (Rose) Hawkins on September 9, 1866 at the home of her sister in Delaware County, Ohio Shortly after, they moved to Delaware County, not far from the Hawkins and Stevens farms in Knox County. Sometime later, Roseanna's father, Ephraim Hawkins, went west to look for new location. Two years later, in 1868, Erial, Roseanna, and her brother, George, drove in a covered wagon to Red Oak, Iowa, crossing the Mississippi by ferry. As they passed through Sciola, Iowa, they learned that Grant had won the presidential election and brought election returns to Red Oak, arriving there on Nov. 5, 1868.

Erial's sister, Eleanor ("Aunt Ella"--said to be rather "obese",) came to Red Oak by train a year or two later and lived with Erial and Rose until she died in 1906. Rose's sisters and their husbands, Abe and John Jackson, also moved to Red Oak. They'd all been neighbors in Ohio. All bought farms south of Red Oak. (Erial's sister Ida, who had been a year old when their mother died, married a man named Anderson, and they lived and died in or near Lockport NY. She had at least two sons, one of whom lived in NY in the 1920s.)

After arriving in Red Oak, they purchased two lots and home in town and Erial worked as a carpenter for three years. In 1871, Erial and Roseanna purchased a farm 4 miles south of town (from his father-in-law??) The 240 acre farm was located on Section 16 and consisted of all improved land and an orchard of 125 trees, all bearing. Erial and Roseanna farmed for 15 years, raising hogs and making butter. It was here that Harry was born in 1879. In 1886, they moved back to town and Erial entered the livery business on Reed St. with Ed Davis. Over the years, Erial tried his hand at numerous other business enterprises, including the oil and restaurant business. For several years, he worked as a night watchman and was a mail carrier for ten years. He operated a light delivery wagon until the spring of 1916 when he retired at the age of 74.

Erial was a charter member of the Christian Church, one of three who signed papers for the purchase of land for the church on Hammond and 5th. Erial and Roseanna had six children, three girls and three boys

There are many stories about Erial, showing him to be a man with a sense of humor, a hard worker and a somewhat demanding father. As a small child, his family went on a picnic along the Niagara River above the Falls. He reached into the river with a tin cup to get a drink and fell in. His mother reached in to grab him and caught him by one finger to pull him out.

He always liked to brag about his strength. One rainy day when he was unable to go into town, he was bragging to one of the hired men that he had never been thrown. Just then, Rose, his petite little wife, grabbed him off guard and threw him on his back!

At threshing time, dinner at noon was the big meal of the day. The first one finished would often steal the pie from the others for dessert. To protect his pie, Erial would spit on it so no one else would touch it!

He also put shoulder straps on young Delano to make him stand up and walk straight. Erial didn't like his children to walk stooped over. Erial also told his eldest son, Delano, "If you get your feet knocked out from under you, land a running!"

HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY, IOWA; 1881; pp. 585-86 [Grant Twp]

"STEVENS, ERIAL, farmer, section 16, P. O. Red Oak. He has a farm of 240 acres of land, all improved, an orchard of 125 trees, all bearing. Mr. Stevens was born in Niagara County, New York, March 1, 1842. When about thirteen years of age left New York and began life on his own responsibility, stopping in Knox Co., Ohio, remaining there about thirteen years; then in 1868, came to Montgomery County, Iowa, locating in Red Oak, and worked at the carpenter trade for about three years. In 1871 bought his present farm, and since that time has followed farming and stock raising with the best of results. Butter making has been carried on most successfully by him. Mr. Stevens was married in 1866, in Delaware County, Ohio, to Miss Rose Hawkins of Knox County, Ohio. They have 4 children living: Eva L., Willie D., Independence, Harry E., and one dead, Ida E. Mr. and Mrs. Stevens are both members of the Christian church at Red Oak. Mr. Stevens enlisted July 21, 1861, in company C, Thirty-second Ohio infantry volunteers; served all through the war; was mustered out of service July 21, 1865, having served four years; was not wounded but hit several times with spent balls. His regiment was in forty-seven battles, and Mr. Stevens was with his regiment in all of them. Among them might be named some of the more important battles and marches, Cross Keys in the Shenandoah Valley, Vicksburg, with Grant all through his battles, and with Sherman on his march to the Sea, Atlanta, Georgia, 21st and 22d of July, 1864. Was taken prisoner at Harper's Ferry in 1862, and was exchanged in January 1963; after that time was in the Western Army. Was at the Battle of Lookout Mtn. (Tennessee); there had his gun shot out of his hand, the barrel bursting and killing a comrade. Mr. Stevens' history and his experiences as a soldier in the defense of his country merit more space than can here be given to it."

1917 McCoy's Red Oak and Montgoemry Co, IA Directory lists Erial and Rose and I.(Independence) and Margaret Stevens living at 610 Washington Avenue.

The People's Telephone (Red Oak newspaper) Wdnesday, Jan. 12, 1881:

Mr. Eriel Stevens is going to make a public sale on Friday, 28th inst., of a large amount of stock and other personal property, at his residence in Grant township, 4 miles south of this city. Those in want of good stock and splendid milch cows, should not fail to attend this sale. D.S. Ashby is to be the auctioneer, of course. We are not apprised of the reason of Mr. Stevens disposing of so much stock, but as he is a greebacker our republican friends will naturally conclude he must be bankrupt. The property will be sold, all the same, "and don't you forget it."

Physical Description

Description: 5'5", gray eyes, black hair, dark complexion

Enlisted JUL 1861, Mt. Vernon, Knox Co, OH

As noted in his Civil War pension application Erial was 5'5", gray eyes, black hair, dark complexion.

Occupation

Carpenter, Farmer, Entrepeneur BET 1868 AND 1922

Erial was trained as carpenter at age of 17 by his father. He also served as a soldier for 4 years in Civil War where he listed occupation as carpenter. When he moved to Red Oak in 1868, he worked again as carpenter. In 1871, he purchased a farm 4 miles south of Red Oak and farmed for 15 years. In 1886 the family moved to Red Oak and Erial entered livery business on Reed St. with Ed Davis. A jack of all trades, Erial also worked in the oil business, ran a restaurant, worked as a night watchman for several years, a rural mail carrier for 10 yrs, and operated a light delivery wagon up until he retired. (See obit, Red Oak Express)

Red Oak Sun, Feb 9, 1894:

"Eriel Stevens is in the employ of the city to see that all sidewalks are repaired in proper shape. He is making a thorough inspection of all the sidewalks in the city and if a property owner who is notified to have a sidewalk repaired does not attend to the matter in 24 hoars (sic) Mr. Stevens' instructions are to go ahead and make the necessary repairs, the cost of which will then be taxed up to the property."

1910 Montgomery Co, IA Business Directory p. 67 lists Erial Stevens at 605 Maple St as a drayman, with 3 members in his family in 1909-1910.

1917 McCoy's Red Oak and Montgomery Co, IA Directory lists Erial and Rose and I. and Margaret Stevens living at 610 Washington Avenue.

Description of his land in HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY CO, IOWA; 1881; pp. 585-86

"STEVENS, ERIAL, farmer, section 16, P. O. Red Oak. He has a farm of 240 acres of land, all improved, an orchard of 125 trees, all bearing.... In 1871 bought his present farm, and since that time has followed farming and stock raising with the best of results. Butter making has been carried on most successfully by him."

Politics/Civic

Newpaper article in "The People's Telephone, Jan 12, 1881"-Red Oak, IA

"Mr. Eriel Stevens is going to make a public sale on Freiday, 28th inst., of a large amount of stock and other personal property, at his residence in Grant township, 4 miles south of this city. Those in want of good stock and splendid milch cows, should not fail to attend this sale. D.S. Ashby is to be the auctioneer, of course. We are not apprised of the reason of Mr. Stevens disposing of so much stock but as he is a greenbacker our republican friends will naturally conclude he must be bankrupt. The property will be sold, all the same, 'and don't your forget it.' "

Marriage

License #929L Erial Stevens and Rosannah Hawkins Lic. September 8 1866 The State of Ohio, Delaware County, ES

On the 9th day of September A.D. 1866I I solemnized the marriage of

Erial Stevens with Rosannah Hawkins. Signed John Stanwood M.G.

According to his Civil War Pension file, Erial states in his own hand that he and "Rosanah Lucretia Hawkins" were married by Rev. Stanley in Delaware Co. in 1866. In the same pension file, his brother-in-law, George E. Hawkins swore that he had been "intimate(ly) acquainted with Erial Stevens since 1855, when he enlisted lived at our house." Thus we know that Erial was living in Milford Twp, Knox Co as early as 1855 when he was 13, in the same neighborhood as the Hawkins and Jackson families and John Stevens. Although he was listed the 1860 census record with his father, living with Edward Beach's family, this statement by George Hawkins indicates he was living with the Hawkins family the following year. At any rate, he and Rose no doubt attended school together, and he may have even lived with the Hawkins, working as a hired on the farm.

At the age of 19, Erial volunteered to enlist in the Union army, separating the couple for four years--except perhaps for a visit or two when he came home on furlough. Less than month after Erial returned home at the end of July, 1865, Rose, her mother, and sister Celestia all came down with scarlet fever. Her mother and sister never recovered and were buried in the little cemetery nearby.

After Rose recovered, Ephraim sent her to live with her sisters, Eliza and Phoebe Jackson in Delaware County. The following September, a year after the death of her mother and sister, the couple were married in the home of her sister. At least two of Rose nieces and nephews-- Elda May and Oren Jackson, attended. After their marriage, Ephriam Hawkins, Rose's father, went west to look for a new location for the family. He went to Montgomery Co, IA, purchased farm land in Grant Twp south of town. In 1868, Erial and Rosannah, and , George E. Hawkins, Rose's brother, drove in a covered wagon, crossing the Mississipi River by ferry to arrive in Red Oak Nov. 5, 1868. The couple first located in a house on 110 W. Coolbaugh St. and in 1871 the family moved to a farm south of Red Oak. Erial's sister, Eleanor (called Ella ) joined them probably in 1873 after the death of her father. Rose's sister and their families followed within the next couple of years. All bought farms near each other south of Red Oak, a good day's drive by wagon and team.

Erial and Rose's farm was located right across the road from Rose's sister, Phebe, and brother in law, John Jackson. The gently rolling landscape was cut through by a small creek which cut diagonally through the Stevens land in a south-westerly direction. Thick groves of trees lined the creek bed, creating a dark, cool oasis on either side of the bank. The house was perched half way up the hill, facing east, a good distance from the creek.

All of the Stevens children, except Lillie, were born on the Iowa farm. Farm life was rigorous but then it was something they all knew and were used to. Additional labor was hired when needed. No doubt, the brothers-in-law assisted each other during harvest time and spring plowing. And the women helped each other during child birth, cooking for the farm crews, or plannning family picnics and get togethers. Lillie was undoubtedly a great help to her mother in gardening, cooking, canning, sewing and domestic tasks. The older children attended school but few finished. With such close knit family ties, it must have been even more difficult to lose Eliza Jackson at the age of 40 and sister Phebe a few years later at 50.

In 1881-1883, after living on the farm for severa; years, the Stevens sold their farm and moved back into town. There Erial went into the livery business and tried his hand at a number of other enterprises. The Stevens lived on 605 Maple Street.

50th Wedding Anniversary Announcement: RED OAK EXPRESS, Friday, Sept 15,1916

"CELEBRATE FIFTIETH WEDDING ANNIVERSARY

Mr. And Mrs. Erial Stevens Have Been Married Half a Century - Been Residents of Red Oak for Almost That Length of Time.

Mr. and Mrs. Erial Stevens, who have been residents of Red Oak for nearly half a century, celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary Saturday, September 9, at their home at 605 Maple street. The day was observed by holding open house to all old friends and neighbors from 2 to 5 o'clock in the afternoon, and in the evening the relatives all gathered at the home and helped to celebrate the joyful occasion in a fitting manner.

The home was decorated with goldenrod, and beneath a large arch of goldenrod, from which was suspended a large, white bell, the bride and groom of fifty years ago stood to receive the congratulations and gifts of nearly 200 old friends, neighbors and relatives who called during the day. Each guest was presented with a tiny golden bell upon entering the home. After light refreshments were served and old acquaintances were renewed the guests passed into the gift room to view the many tokens of esteem of which Mr. and Mrs. Stevens were the recipients. Gold coins, a gold headed cane, cameo clasp, brooch, silverware, dishes and many other articles, together with a number of letters of congratulation were among the gifts received.

The members of the G.A.R., were present and presented their comrade with a gift, and the speeches of presentation and acceptance served to show those present that the gift was valued not alone for its intrinsic worth but for the sentiment which it expressed.

At the evening celebration fifty-two of the immediate relatives of the family gathered at the home, some of whom had never seen each other before, and it was also a matter of comment that this was about the largest assembly of relatives of which any one family in this community could boast. Light refreshments were served, and the evening was spent in visiting, with several musical numbers by some of the grand-children.

In attendance at the golden wedding were a niece and nephew of the bride and groom, Mrs. Martin Nelson and 0.E. Jackson, who were present also at the wedding fifty years ago. Mrs. T. B. Ratliff, who had the pleasure of meeting the bride and groom at the church immediately after their marriage, was also present at the celebration on Saturday.

On Sunday a family reunion was held, all of the children and grand-children of Mr. and Mrs. Stevens being present. The out of town guests present at the golden wedding celebration were W. D. Stevens and family of Webster City, and Mr. and Mrs. George Jackson of Villisca. Mr. Stevens had one sister living but who was unable to be present, and Mrs. Stevens is the only surviving member of her family.

Mr. and Mrs. Stevens are the parents of six children, of whom there are three daughters and three sons. Two daughters, Ida and Lillie, are deceased. Those surviving are W.D., of Webster City, Inda and Harry of Red Oak, and Mrs. Della Koons of Clarinda. There are eleven grand-children.

Erial Stevens was born in Youngstown, Niagara county, N.Y., March 1, 1842. At the age of 13 he went to live with an uncle upon a farm near Milford*, Ohio, and at the age of 17 he went to work on his father's farm where he also learned the carpenter trade. At the breaking out of the Civil war he answered the first call for volunteers and enlisted in Co. C, 32nd Ohio infantry. His regiment was sent to the eastern field of war where it took part in the early Virginia battles, was captured at Harper's Ferry, paroled and sent to Camp Douglas, Ohio. Mr. Stevens took part in many of the principal battles of the war, was with Sherman on the march to the sea, and was discharged at Louisville, Ky., July 20, 1865. He served exactly four years, and during that time was never sick or wounded seriously enough to miss a roll call.

On Sept. 9, 1866, he was married to Miss Rosanna L. Hawkins, and in 1868 he moved to Deleware(sic), Ohio. From there he and his wife and his wife's brother, Geo. E. Hawkins, drove overland to Red Oak, arriving here Nov. 5, 1868, and bringing with them from Sciola the returns of President Grant's first election. Mr. Stevens purchased two lots and a residence where the Thomas Transfer Co., barn now stands, and here his family resided until he purchased a farm four miles south of Red Oak in 1871. In 1886 Mr. Stevens brought his family to Red Oak again and he entered the livery business on Reed street with Ed Davis. He has also been in the oil business, restaurant business, was night watchman for several years, mail carrier for ten years and operated a light delivery wagon until last spring when he retired to obtain the much deserved rest which his many years of very active life entitled him to. Mr. Stevens is the only living charter member of the Christian church, and one of the three persons who signed the papers for the purchase of the ground upon which the first Christian church in Red Oak was built at the corner of Hammond and Fifth streets.

Mrs. Stevens, whose maiden name was Roasannah L. Hawkins, was born May 2, 1845, in Knox county, Ohio, and two years after her marriage accompanied her husband on their long trip by wagon to Red Oak. The events of her life have been closely linked with those of her husband, sharing as only a true and loving wife can the many joys and blessings which have come to them. Her ministering has been not alone to her family, for there are many others into whose life she has brought sunshine and gladness who will ever retain loving memories of her. She was a leading worker in the church until the duties of home and the infirmities of age prevented her from taking an active part. And although she has lived her three score and ten years her many friends unite in the wish that she with her husband may remain among us to enjoy yet many more happy years."

Sources

Civil War Pension Record Red Oak Sun Red Oak Express History of Montgomery Co, IA 1881 Interviews with grandchildren

Acknowledgments

Thank you to Sara Patton for creating WikiTree profile Stevens-3525 through the import of stevens mclaughlin.ged on Feb 17, 2013.

Click to the Changes page for the details of edits by Sara and others.