I suppose it would depend on whether Jose Velez (1840) was born in Puerto Rico or came by ship? And whether he was baptized / christened in the church? Are there records for ships landing with passenger lists? and records of any churches ?
And were there any census enumerated by household with names of at least head of household?
Did Jose buy / sell land or slaves?
Was there a newspaper of that time period say 1835 to say 1900 that printed legal notices as well as births, deaths, funerals, probate, estate sales, and etc?