What is the convention in Sweden for the last name of a son born to an unmarried mother?

+7 votes
537 views
Sons Eric born 1811 03 25 and Olof born 1820 11 22 to Ingerborg Ersdotter in Österåker

Österåker-AI-3-1818-1824-Image-206-page-198

Blomsterhultsstugan

Ingeborg's older brother is Per Ersson17771214 married to Karin Larsdotter17831217.  Their children Brita18050217 Karin18091203 Eric18180224 Ingrid18220629.jpg

I entered Ingeborg's son Eric as http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ersdotter-386

but it seems incorrect to have his last name not ending in "sson"

Please let me know what is the custom of that time and place.
WikiTree profile: Ingeborg Rhen
in Genealogy Help by Charles Lemaire G2G Crew (640 points)

4 Answers

+6 votes
If the father was known his patronymic was often still used. When unknown a matronymic was often used (Ingerborgson).
by Helmut Jungschaffer G2G6 Pilot (602k points)
+3 votes

That is not an easy question to answer. I was faced with this question with Anna Lovisa Dejenberg.  She was born out of wedlock in Sweden in 1859.  She and her mother lived with her mothers family for several years.  The mother married and moved to her husbands parish leaving Anna Lovisa with the grand parents.  When Anna Lovisa was 7 years old she went to live with her mother and after one year she moved back to her grand parents.  At this tme the Moving In Records list her name as Dejenberg.  I have no clue where a nice swedish flika decided on this name .  My assumption is that she needed an official last name when traveling alone.  I was advised to list her LNAB as Dejenberg as this was the first legal last name she had.  Today I would probably list her LNAB as Annasdotter, based on her mother's name as she would have been known as in the home parish.  Make the best guess you can.  Do not decide on UNKNOWN or NN, a reasonable guess is better.  If later you find more information you can change it.

by Norm Lindquist G2G6 Mach 7 (74.6k points)
I looked them up for you, and found out the correct surname was Ersson. Added all the sources I found, in case you want to check them.
+2 votes
Hi Charlie,

I've come across this dilemma a couple of times, if you can follow the child until he is a bit older, once he leave his home you will see in the cleric records (husförhör) what surname he was known by.

If you can not, then you will have to take a (gasp) educated guess. I personally have never seen a matronymic surname in all my research (Southern Sweden mainly). If the daughter was still living at home, it seemed easier to give him (or her) the same surname as the mother (with the correct ending), in this example it would have been Ersson. He is after all a son of the grandfather only removed by a generation. I think it made it easier to perhaps pass him off as one of the children of in this case the grandparents who often ended up caring for the child if it was lucky enough to have grandparents around. It made it perhaps a little more discreet to outsiders who didn't know about the situation.

There's unfortunately no rules to this so all I can do is share my experience.
by Antonia Reuvers G2G6 Mach 1 (19.2k points)
+1 vote

Since I'm working with the database errors #911 and #912 for incorrect patronymics, Eric has been on my to-do-list since October - he should have Ersson as LNAB.

Antonia is right that matronymics are very uncommon. I have never come across any in my own kinship network; there are always other solutions for kids born out of wedlock. But you can find them if you look for them. I explored the matter a bit and have come to the conclusion that it was done mostly in the strictly religious parts of Sweden = Bohuslän (schartauanism) and Norrland (laestadianism). So I view it as a form of public shaming.

The root cause of the problem of LNAB's of children in the Swedish past is that they did not really HAVE a last name at birth. I think it was Ingela Martenius who wrote that children were just the property of their parents/their father. In birth records it is very rare that children are mentioned by Firstname Lastname. We just assume that they have the patronymic that they will be known by later in life (or family name if there is one). Children living with their parents are almost never in the household records with a last name (excepting stepchildren).

For children out of wedlock, when the father was known, the child was very often named after him (patronymic or family name). Indeed, now that the local gossip of the time is forgotten, this name may be the first clue to the identity of a Father Unknown.

When the father was genuinely unknown (or kept a secret) the solution would be as in Eric's case: to base a patronymic on the maternal grandfather's name (or take his family name, without a patronymic).

by Eva Ekeblad G2G6 Pilot (570k points)

Annasson. Populäritet idag: Oförändrad trend oförändrad. Placering på namntoppen 2015: Inte i topp 100. Antal män med namnet i Sverige: 3. svenskanamn.alltforforaldrar.se/visa/Annasson

Exactly. I should think you can find metronymics based on other names as well, if you look for them.

I only researched one of them well enough to make a profile:
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Annasson-2
- he is one of the few unconnected on my watchlist. It is an interesting topic, though. If I didn't already have too many projects...

Annasson-2 changed his surname as soon as he could, but there must have been someone who didn't, but kept it long enough for it to be frozen into a family name. I find three at birthday.se as well (two men and one woman). Not sure you can see them through this link: http://www.birthday.se/sok?l=annasson&searchmode=%23se%2c+%23se-fields
I'm sure given the social stigma of illegitimacy in the past people would do everything possible to avoid advertising it.

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