We have already completed US Southern Colonies which started on East Coast. We used maps to identify. And soon there was a subproject of US Southern Colonies named Nueva Espana which covered territory colonized by the Spanish.
The key word was colonized. Those early Colonies were the precursors of Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado,Utah, Nevada, California and Mexico When Mexico won its independence, the colonies were then governed by Mexico. As the Colonies progressed they won their independence either by a Revolution or the USA acquired the territory. The dates they became states were established as the end of the project..
This project was completed at least two (2) years ago. The first colony to rebel was Texas in 1836 and it was Republic of Texas until after the Mexican-American war (1848).
My point is all colonists are important to the nation we know it today.
But it might need a project to pull the northern colonies together that could be US Northern Colonies, or something.. Wisconsin, Michigan, the Dakotas, Kansas, Indiana, Illinois, etc and others I have missed, Ohio, . All are important.
NOTE I do add US_History project covers all states from beginning to current history as we know them.
First you need the data, then work on the Categories, I would think.