Thank you a lot for searching him and answering me.
I think that he left La Désirade as a free man after May 1848. He was probably a sailor like many men on the island.
There is no sign of him after March 21st, 1849. He did not come back.
It's plausible that he used the given name of his father as his last name. For example, my ancestor Richard JEAN-ROMAIN (1825-1890), born free, was the son of Jean-Romain (circa 1768-1843), a freedman.
Gombeau sounds both European and African. In the French West Indies, people eat a vegetable called gombo. It came from Africa but I don't know if the name is also African. I think it's named okra in Louisiana.