Dante Alighieri, commonly known as Dante, was born around mid-June 1265 in Florence, Italy, and died in Ravenna on September 14, 1321, at about 56 years old. He was a famous Italian poet, prose writer, political thinker and philosopher. He is best known for his epic poem, La Divina Commedia (The Divine Comedy), which is regarded as a masterpiece of world literature. Dante, Giovanni Boccaccio and Francesco Petrarca (known as Petrarch) are known as the Three Fountains, and Dante, among them, is known as ‘Il Somo Poeta’[The Supreme Poet]. Dante was exiled many times and died in Ravenna, far from the place which he dearly loved. In 1829, a memorial was built in his honor in Florence in the basilica of Santa Croce.
Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, commonly known as Avogadro, was born in Turnin, Italy, in 1776, as Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregna e di Cerreto. He died in Turin, Italy, on July 9, 1856, at the age of 79. Amedeo Carlo Avogadro is known as the founder of the Atomic Molecular Theory, including the Avogadro’s Law, which states that, ‘at the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules, hence the molar volume of all gases at 0 centigrade and at 1 atmospheric pressure is 22.4 Liters’.
Giovanni Boccaccio was born in Certaldo, Italy, in 1313 and died in Certaldo, Italy, on December 21, 1375, at the age of 62. He was a renowned Italian poet, author, Renaissance humanist and a friend of Petrarch. He is best known for his great works: Decameron, On Famous Women and Poetry, in Italian Vernacular. His Dialogue is seen as surpassing all the contemporary works. In 1930, he fell in love with the married daughter of Robert the Wise, King Robert of Naples. Inspired by her, he created the eternal character of ‘Fiammetta’ in his prose romances, particularly in Il Filocolo. His notable works include Filostrato, Tesedia (the source for Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde), The Knight’s Tale, Filoco, La Caccia di Diana and Interza rima.
Mario Lanza & Marco Polo
Fra Luca Bartolomeo de Pacioli, sometimes known as Paciolo, was born in Sansepolcro, Tuscany, Italy, in 1447, and died in Sansepolcro in 1517, at the age of about 70. He was an Italian Mathematician, Franciscan Friar and collaborator of Leonardo da Vinci.
Julius Caesar [100BC-44 BC]
Grazia Deledda was born in Nuoro, Italy, on September 27, 1871, and died in Rome, Italy, in August of 1936, at the age of 64. She published Elias Portulu in 1903, which brought her success as a writer.
Guglielmo Marconi, commonly known as Marconi, was born in Palazzo, Marescalchi, and Bologna, Italy, on April 25, 1874, and died in Rome, Italy, on July 20, 1937, when he was 63 years old. Marconi exploited the ideas of others, such as Hertz, Maxwell, Faraday, Popoy, Lodghe, Fessenden, Stone and Telsa. The fact that he was result-oriented and continued working toward his goal helped him to finally succeed in commercializing radio transmission. Therefore, he is credited as the inventor of radio. He shared, with Karl Ferdinand Braun, the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics ‘in recognition of their contribution to the development of wireless telegraphy’
Maria Montessori was born in Chiravalle, Ancona, Italy, on August 31, 1870, and died in Noordwijk, Netherlands, on May 6, 1952, at the age of 81. Maria Montessori was an Italian physician and educator, best known for her philosophy of education, which is synonymous with her last name.
Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia was born to Giovanni Battista Cornaro Piscopia and his wife, Zanetta Boni, in Venice on June 5, 1646. She died of tuberculosis at Padua in 1684. She was the first woman in the world to receive a degree from Padua University in 1678. She started learning Latin and Greek languages under the guidance of the era’s great scholars, at the age of 7. Later on, she mastered Hebrew, French, Spanish and Arabic languages and earned the title of ‘Oracular Septilingue.’ Her higher studies included mathematics, philosophy and theology.
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