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About Ramon Berenguer III 'el Gran' de Barcelona, comte de Barcelona Ramón Berenguer III el Grande (Rodez, Rouergue 1082-Barcelona 1131). Era hijo de Ramón Berenguer II, a quien sucedió como Conde de Barcelona.
Después de un periodo de cogobierno con su tío, Berenguer Ramón II el Fratricida (que partió para la Primera Cruzada -1099- al mando de las tropas catalanas), tomó el condado exclusivamente a su cargo. Combatió contra los musulmanes en muchas batallas, entre las cuales se destacan el asedio de Tortosa (1095), Amposta (1097) y Oropesa (1098).
En 1114 el Papa de Roma ordenó una bula contra los moros de Mallorca y, en unos meses, el conde catalán conquistaría la isla, que sería de nuevo reconquistada por el califato, al no haberse repoblado.
En primeras nupcias desposó a María, hija del Cid Campeador. Casó en segundas nupcias con Dulce de Provenza o de Rouergue, con quien tuvo en 1108 a Berenguela de Barcelona, esposa del Rey Alfonso VII de Castilla y a los gemelos Ramón Berenguer IV y Berenguer Ramón I de Provenza, en 1114.
Fue el primer Caballero Templario Español. Ingresó en la Orden como última voluntad, estando ya en su lecho de muerte, en julio de 1131. Investido por Hugo de Rigaud, murió cinco días después y fue enterrado con el hábito blanco del Temple. En su testamento legó a la Orden su caballo, de nombre Danc, y sus armas personales, así como el castillo de Granyena.
Su hijo Ramón Berenguer IV heredó el condado de Barcelona en (1131), Berenguer Ramón el Condado de Provenza y su hija Jimena casó con Roger III de Foix.
En la plaza de Barcelona que lleva su nombre, sobre la Vía Layetana, hay una estatua ecuestre suya obra del escultor Josep Llimona.
Títulos nobiliarios [editar]Conde de Barcelona y Girona (1097-1131) Conde de Osona (1097-1107 y 1111-1131) Conde de Provenza (1113-1131) Conde de Cerdaña (1118-1131). Primer Caballero Templario español.
Predecesor: Ramón Berenguer II Conde de Barcelona 1082-1131 Sucesor: Ramón Berenguer IV Predecesor: Ramón Berenguer II Conde de Osona 1097-1107 y 1111-1131 Sucesor: Ximena de Osona Predecesor: Bernardo I Conde de Cerdaña 1118-1131 Sucesor: Ramón Berenguer IV Predecesor: Dulce I Conde de Provenza 1113-1131 Sucesor: Berenguer Ramón I de Provenza Predecesor: Ramón Berenguer II Conde de Carcasona 1107- ? Sucesor: Ramón Trencavel
Ramon Berenguer III the Great was the count of Barcelona, Girona, and Osona from 1082 (jointly with Berenguer Ramon II and solely from 1097), Besalú from 1111, Cerdanya from 1117, and Provence, in the Holy Roman Empire, from 1112, all until his death in Barcelona in 1131. As Ramon Berenguer I, he was Count of Provence from 1112 in right of his wife.
Born in 1082 in Rodez, he was the son of Ramon Berenguer II. He succeeded his father to co-rule with his uncle Berenguer Ramon II. He became the sole ruler in 1097, when Berenguer Ramon II was forced into exile.
During his rule Catalan interests were extended on both sides of the Pyrenees. By marriage or vassalage he incorporated into his realm almost all of the Catalan counties (except those of Urgell and Peralada). He inherited the counties of Besalú (1111) and Cerdanya (1117) and in between married Douce, heiress of Provence (1112). His dominions then stretched as far east as Nice.
In alliance with the Count of Urgell, Ramon Berenguer conquered Barbastro and Balaguer. In 1118 he captured and rebuilt Tarragona, which became the metropolitan seat of the church in Catalonia (before that, Catalans had depended ecclesiastically on the archbishopric of Narbonne). He also established relations with the Italian maritime republics of Pisa and Genoa and in 1114 and 1115 raided with them the Moorish pirate strongholds of Majorca and Ibiza. They became his tributaries and many Christian slaves there were recovered and set free. Ramon Berenguer also raided mainland Muslim dependencies with Pisa's help, such as Valencia, Lleida and Tortosa.
Toward the end of his life Ramon Berenguer became a Templar. He gave his five Catalonian counties to his eldest son Ramon Berenguer IV and Provence to the younger son Berenguer Ramon.
Ramon Berenguer's marriages and descendants Statue of Ramon Berenguer III
* First wife, María Rodríguez de Vivar, second daughter of Cid, died ca. 1105 o María -> married Bernat III, Count of Besalú (d. 1111) o Jimena, a.k.a. Eixemena -> married Roger III, Count of Foix * Second wife, Almodis * Third wife, Douce or Dolça de Gévaudaun, heiress of Provence, d. ca. 1127 o Almodis -> married Ponce de Cervera, mother of Agalbursa, who married Barisone II of Arborea o Berenguela or Berengaria, b. 1116, d. 1149 -> married Alfonso VII of Castile o Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, b. 1115, d. 1162 o Berenguer Ramon I, Count of Provence, b. ca. 1115, d. 1144 o Bernat -> died young Preceded by Berenguer Ramon II Count of Barcelona 1082 – 1131 with Berenguer Ramon II (1082 – 1097) Succeeded by Ramon Berenguer IV Preceded by Douce I Count of Provence 1112 – 1131 Succeeded by Berenguer Ramon I --------------------
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramon_Berenguer_III,_Count_of_Barcelona" Categories: Counts of Barcelona | Counts of Provence | 1082 births | 1131 deaths | Burials at the abbey of Santa Maria de Ripoll
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