Emma Breed was born, probably in 1842, in Houghton Regis, Bedfordshire, England[4][8], and christened there on 14 August 1842[2]. She was the daughter of George Breed, an agricultural labourer who eventually became a small farmer, and Ann Breed, née Bourn[e].
Emma was a straw hat maker when she married Joseph Chapman in 1863[3]. By 1871 the couple were living in Over, Joseph's birthplace, and Joseph had become an agricultural labourer[4], which he remained until at least 1911[5][6][7][8].
Joseph and Emma had at least eight children: Sarah Ann[4], Joseph[4], John[4], George[4], Emma[4], James[5], Kata Ada[5], and Mark[5].
↑Marriage of parents?: Name: George Breed; Event Type: Marriage; Registration Quarter: Oct-Nov-Dec; Registration Year: 1837; Registration District: Luton; County: Bedfordshire; Event Place: Luton, Bedfordshire, England. "England and Wales Marriage Registration Index, 1837-2005," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:2DHS-RGC : 13 December 2014), George Breed, 1837; from “England & Wales Marriages, 1837-2005,” database, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : 2012); citing 1837, quarter 4, vol. 6, p. 162, Luton, Bedfordshire, England, General Register Office, Southport, England.
↑ 2.02.1Baptism: Name: Emma Breed; Gender: Female; Christening Date: 14 Aug 1842; Christening Date (Original): 14 AUG 1842; Christening Place: HOUGHTON REGIS,BEDFORD,ENGLAND; Father's Name: George Breed; Mother's Name: Ann. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NYB5-54R : 30 December 2014, George Breed in entry for Emma Breed, 14 Aug 1842); citing HOUGHTON REGIS,BEDFORD,ENGLAND, index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 826,545.
↑ 3.03.1Marriage: Name, Joseph Chapman; Spouse's Name, Emma Breed; Spouse's Birth Date, 1843; Spouse's Age, 20; Event Date, 01 Apr 1863; Event Place, Christ Church, Luton, Bedford, England; Father's Name, John Chapman; Spouse's Father's Name, George Breed. "England Marriages, 1538–1973 ," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NVS5-6H9 : 10 December 2014), Joseph Chapman and Emma Breed, 01 Apr 1863; citing Christ Church,Luton,Bedford,England, reference , index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 1,279,152.
↑ 4.04.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.81871 census RG10 Piece 1530. Joseph Chapman, head, 30, married, agricultural labourer, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Emma Chapman, wife, 28, married, straw hat maker, b. Denstollhoten [sic: her pronunciation of Dunstable Houghton?], Bedfordshire; Sarah Ann Chapman, daughter, 7, single, scholar, b. Luton, Bedfordshire; Joseph Chapman, son, 6, scholar, b. Luton, Bedfordshire; John Chapman, son, 4, scholar, b. Luton, Bedfordshire; George Chapman, son, 2, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Emma, daughter, under 1 month, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Ann Payne, 44, married, nurse, b. Cambridge, Cambridgeshire. "England and Wales Census, 1871", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VFF9-Y2M : 23 June 2017), Joseph Chapman, 1871.
↑ 5.05.15.25.35.45.51881 census: RG11 Piece 1607 Folio 4. Over (Cambs), Swavesey Road. Joseph Chapman, head, 40, married, ag lab, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Emma Chapman, wife, 38, married, b. Dunstable, Bedfordshire; Joseph Chapman, son, 16, single, ag lab, b. Luton, Bedfordshire; John Chapman, son, 14, b. Luton, Bedfordshire; George Chapman, son, 12, ag lab, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Emily Chapman, daughter, 10, scholar, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; James Chapman, son, 7, scholar, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Kate Ada Chapman, daughter, 4, scholar, Over, Cambridgeshire; Mark Chapman, son, 2, b. Over, Cambridgeshire. "England and Wales Census, 1881," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q27C-8SXX : 20 August 2016), Joseph Chapman, Over (Cambs), Huntingdonshire, England; from "1881 England, Scotland and Wales census," database and images, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : n.d.); citing p. 1, Piece/Folio 1607/4, The National Archives, Kew, Surrey; FHL microfilm 101,774,487.
↑ 6.06.16.21891 census: RG12 Piece 1240 Folio 6. High Street, Over. Joseph Chapman, head, male, 50, married, agricultural labourer, b. Cambridgeshire; Emma Chapman, wife, male, 48, married, b. Houghton, Bedfordshire; Joseph Chapman, son, male, 26, single, carrier, b. Bedfordshire; James Chapman, son, male, 17, single, agricultural labourer, b. Cambridgeshire; Kate Chapman, daughter, male, 14, single, b. Cambridgeshire; Mark Chapman, daughter [sic], male, 12, single, b. Cambridgeshire. "England and Wales Census, 1891," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4YZ2-HW2 : 1 April 2016), Joseph Chapman, Over, Huntingdonshire, England; from "1891 England, Scotland and Wales census," database and images, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : n.d.); citing PRO RG 12, Huntingdonshire county, subdistrict, The National Archives of the UK, Kew, Surrey.
↑ 7.07.17.21901 census: Dole Lane, Over. Joseph Chapman, head, 60, agricultural labourer, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Emma Chapman, wife, 58, b. Dunstable Houghton, Bedfordshire; Joseph Chapman, son, 36, carrier, b. Luton, Bedfordshire; Kate A Chapman, daughter, 24, b. Over, Cambridgeshire. "England and Wales Census, 1901," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X914-RQY : 8 April 2016), Joseph Chapman, Over (Cambs), Huntingdonshire, England; from "1901 England, Scotland and Wales census," database and images, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : n.d.); citing Swavesey subdistrict, PRO RG 13, The National Archives, Kew, Surrey.
↑ 8.08.18.28.31911 census: Huntingdonshire, Over, The Doles. Joseph Chapman, head, 70, male, married, farm labourer, b. Over, Cambridgeshire; Emma Chapman, wife, 68, married, 8 children 7 living 1 dead, b. Houghton Ridges, Bedfordshire; Joseph Chapman, son, 46, single, farm labourer, b. Luton, Bedfordshire. "England and Wales Census, 1911," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X7V9-GQZ : 2 August 2017), Joseph Chapman, Over, The Doles Over Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, England; from "1911 England and Wales census," database and images, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : n.d.); citing PRO RG 14, The National Archives of the UK, Kew, Surrey.
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It may be possible to confirm family relationships with Emma by comparing test results with other carriers of her mitochondrial DNA.
However, there are no known mtDNA test-takers in her direct maternal line.
It is likely that these autosomal DNA test-takers will share some percentage of DNA with Emma: