Elizabeth (Burgh) Queen Consort of Scotland (abt. 1290 - 1327)

Born about 1290 in Scotland [uncertain]

Ancestors

Wife of Robert (Bruce) Bruce First King of Scots — married about 1302 in Scotland [uncertain]

Descendants

Died 26 Oct 1327 at about age 37 in Cullen, Banffshire, Scotland

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Biography

Elizabeth (Burgh) Queen Consort of Scotland is Notable.

Elizabeth was the daughter of Richard de Burgh.^[1] Her exact date of birth is unknown, but thought to have been in 1289/90.^[2] Her parents owned properties throughout both Scotland and England and it is unknown exactly where she was born.

She married, as his second wife, Robert the Bruce,^[1] crowned Queen of Scots, at the age of sixteen, with her husband in 1306.^[3] They had issue:

1. Matilda, m. Thomas Isaac, d. 20 July 1353^[1]
2. Margaret, m. William, Earl of Sutherland in 1343^[1]
3. David, later King^[1]
4. John, died young^[1]

Elizabeth was taken prisoner by the English, along with her step-daughter and two of Robert Bruce's sisters, on the 7th of November 1306. Because her father Richard, earl of Ulster, was a faithful supporter of King Edward, she was not kept in a cage as the other women related to the Bruce were. Instead she was sent to the royal manor at Burstwick in Holderness, where detailed instructions were given as to the terms of her confinement: she was permitted one maid and one woman for her chamber, who must be "of a good age and not cheerful" and she was to be watched closely at all times by servants loyal to King Edward.^[4] After months at Burstwick, she was obliged to send a message to the king reporting that her keepers "will not find for me [clothes] for my body, nor attire for my head, nor bed, nor ought that pertains to my chamber" and pleading that she be assigned regular monies for her sustenance.^[5]

As her husband's army grew stronger, the king found it prudent to move Queen Elizabeth further from the Scottish border than Holderness. In 1308 she was transferred under heavy guard to the abbey of Biddlesdon in Buckinghamshire; to Windsor castle in 1312; to Shaftesbury and to the convent of Barking in Essex (both) in 1313; and to Rochester castle in 1314. ^[6] She was not released from captivity until October 1314, when she was finally exchanged for several English noblemen who had been taken prisoner by the Bruce at Bannockburn.^[7]

Elizabeth died at Cullen, Banffshire, Scotland on the 26th of October 1327 and was buried at Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland.^[1]

King Robert apparently granted a charter to Cullen, and endowed a chaplaincy in the Church of St. Mary, to pray for Elizabeth, his spouse, who died here.^[8]

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6} Paul, James Balfour. "The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom", Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1904, Vol. I, Archive.org, [1]
2. ↑ Claffey, J.A. Richard de Burgh, Earl of Ulster c1260-1326. unpublished Ph.D thesis, University College of Galway (1970), pp. 148, 171, cited in Penman, Michael. Robert the Bruce. New Haven and London: Yale University Press (2014), papbk. 2018, p. 66
3. ↑ Penman, Michael. Robert the Bruce. New Haven: Yale University Press ((2018), p. 98
4. ↑ Palgrave, Docs. Hist. Scot. pp. 357-58; Foedera, 1:58, cited in Neville, Cynthia J. The Widows of War: Edward I and the Women of Scotland during the War of Independence. Wife and Widow in Medieval England, Sue Sheridan Walker (ed), Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (1995) p. 123
5. ↑ Facsimiles of the National Manuscripts of Scotland, 3 vols., Record Commission (1867), 2, no. xvi, cited in Neville, Cynthia J. The Widows of War: Edward I and the Women of Scotland during the War of Independence. Wife and Widow in Medieval England, Sue Sheridan Walker (ed), Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (1995) p. 123
6. ↑ Cal. Close Rolls, 1307-13. 39, 284, 394, 511; Cal. Close Rolls, 1313-18, 43, 49; Foedera, 1, 4:204; 2, 1:64, cited in Neville, Cynthia J. The Widows of War: Edward I and the Women of Scotland during the War of Independence. Wife and Widow in Medieval England, Sue Sheridan Walker (ed), Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (1995) p. 124
7. ↑ Vita Edwardi Secundi, ed. N. Denholm-Young. London (1957), p. 58; Barbour, Bruce, 3:76; Chronica Monasterii S. Albani Thomae Walsingham, ed. H.T. Riley, RS 28 (1863), 142; Chron. Lanercost, 211; Cal. Patent Rolls, 1313-17, 160; Foedera, 2,1:69, 72, cited in Neville, Cynthia J. The Widows of War: Edward I and the Women of Scotland during the War of Independence. Wife and Widow in Medieval England, Sue Sheridan Walker (ed), Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (1995) p. 124
8. ↑ “The Annals of Cullen: 961-1904 : William Cramond : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming.” 1970. Internet Archive. W.F. Johnston & Sons. p. 6

See also:

• Ashley, Mike (2008). A Brief History of British Kings & Queens. pp.485. Philadelphia: Running Press Book Publishers.

• Barrow, G.W.S. Elizabeth [née Elizabeth de Burgh]. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online edition (23 Sep 2004), available here by subscription.

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author (2013), vol. 1, p. 608-610, BRUS 8.Robert de Brus.

• Wikipedia: Elizabeth de Burgh for her place of death and a larger biography, describing her imprisonment. (As of 28 Nov 2015, the pedigree chart shows the wrong mother.)

• Wikidata: Item Q262059, en:Wikipedia