Louis I (Carolingian) of France
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Hludowic (Carolingian) of France (abt. 778 - 840)

Hludowic (Louis I) "Holy Roman Emperor" of France formerly Carolingian
Born about in Casseneuil, Lot-et-Garonne, Aquitaine, Francemap
Ancestors ancestors
Husband of — married 0794 [location unknown]
Husband of — married Feb 0819 in Aix-la-Chapellemap
Descendants descendants
Died at about age 61 in Ingelheim, Mainz-Bingen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germanymap
Profile last modified | Created 20 Feb 2012
This page has been accessed 113,178 times.
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Contents

Biography

The second Frankish emperor, Louis the Pious as he is known in English, was the son and heir of the first Frankish emperor, Charlemagne.[1][2]

His name Louis was still pronounced in an older way in his time. In later Latin it is typically written as Ludovicus, but in his own lifetime it was spelled for example as Hludowicus. (It is in fact the same name as the first Frankish king of France, Clovis I.)[3] Other modern variants of his name include:

  • French: Louis le pieux.
  • Dutch: Lodewijk de Vrome
  • German: Ludwig der Fromme

He also had the title "King of the Aquitainians" and as of 02 Feb 814: Emperor Louis I "der le fromme / le pieux".

Chronology

  • 778. He was born between April and September in 778, the youngest legitimate son of Charlemagne by his wife Hildegarde.[2],
  • 781. King of the Aquitainians in Rome 15 Apr 781 by Pope Hadrian I.[1][2]
  • Approximately 794. He married his first wife in 794, Ermengarde, the daughter of Ingram, who was a brother of Chrodegang, bishop of Metz.[4][2]
  • 813. His father named him as his successor at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), crowning him as joint emperor 11 Sep 813, while his nephew Bernard, the son of his late older brother Pépin, was declared king of Italy.
  • 814. Upon his father's death he became soul emperor.
  • 816. Crowned by Pope Stephen IV at Reims.
  • 817. He made his oldest son Lothaire a joint emperor.
  • 818. Having defeated and killed his nephew Bernard, he became king of Italy as well.[2]
  • 819. He married secondly in February 819 at Aix-la-Chapelle Judith the daughter of count Welf. [4][2]
  • 833. He was temporarily replaced as emperor by his son Lothaire when he and his brothers Pépin, and Louis revolted.[2]
  • 840. He died 20 Jun 840 island in Rhine (near Ingelheim) and was buried at the église abbatiale de Saint-Arnoul, Metz [1]

Issue

1. Louis I & Ermengarde had at least 5 or possibly more children:[5]

  1. Lothair, born 795[5] [6]
  2. Pepin I of Aquitaine, born 797[5][6]
  3. Rotrude, born 799[7] Cawley shows a birth year for Hrotrud (Rotrude) of 800. [5] [8]
  4. Uncertain. Berta. Cawley notes that Settipani cites charters which name Berta as the daughter of Emperor Louis. [5] However, see Baldwin, who rejects this daughter.[2]
  5. Hildegarde d'Aquitaine, born April 802[5] [8] Cawley notes that Hildegard is named as sister of Charles by Nithard. [5]
  6. Louis, born 806[5] [6]

2. He had at least two children with his second wife. [5]

  1. Gisela/Giselle, born 819[5][9]
  2. Charles the Bald, was 13 June 823 in Frankfurt am Main [5][10]
  3. Uncertain. An unnamed daughter is also recorded for this family. [11] However, see Baldwin.[2]


3. Louis also had at least one mistress, with whom he had at least two illegitimate childre.

  1. Alpais, born 793/794. [5][12]
  2. Arnoul, born 794 [7][13]

Theodolinde de Sens is currently shown on WikiTree as a mistress. Louis also had two illegitimate children by his mistress.

Sources

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Cawley and Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medlands Database, Ref 181.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 The Henry Project: The Ancestors of King Henry II of England https://fasg.org/projects/henryproject/data/louis000.htm
  3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I#Name
  4. 4.0 4.1 Cawley and Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medlands Database, Ref 193.
  5. 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 Charles Cawley and Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermaniqueA Accessed January 10, 2017
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris, cited in the Medlands Data Base, names (in order) "Hlutharius, Pippinus, Hludowicus" as sons of Emperor Ludwig I & his wife Ermengard. Cited by Charles Cawley and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermanique Accessed January 10, 2017
  7. 7.0 7.1 Current name and date linked on WikiTree
  8. 8.0 8.1 Cawley notes that the Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names (in order) "Hlotharium Pipinum et Hludovicum Rotrudim et Hildegardim" as children of "Hludovicus ymperator…ex Yrmingardi regina" Cited by Charles Cawley and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermanique Accessed January 10, 2017
  9. The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names (in order) "Karolum et Gislam" children of "Hludovicus ymperator…ex Iudith ymperatrice" Cited by Charles Cawley and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermanique Accessed January 10, 2017
  10. The Annales S. Benigni Divisionensis record the birth of "Karolus filius Ludowici" in Frankfurt "Idus Iun 824"]. Cited by Charles Cawley and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermanique Accessed January 10, 2017
  11. The Casus Monasterii Petrishusensis records that "rex Francorum qui et imperator Romanorum" (which appears to indicate Charles II "le Chauve") gave his sister in marriage to "vir nobilissimo genere decoratus", that the couple had two sons to whom their uncle gave "in Alemannia loca…Potamum et Brigantium, Ubirlingin et Buochorn, Ahihusin et Turingen atque Heistirgou, Wintirture…et in Retia Curiensi Mesouch", and that one of the sons returned to France while the other "Oudalricus" retained all the property in Alamannia. Research of Charles Cawley and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermanique Accessed January 10, 2017
  12. Cawley notes that "Flodoard refers to "Ludowicus Alpheidi filie sue uxori Begonis comitis." Charles Cawley and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermanique Accessed January 10, 2017
  13. Cawley notes that the Chronicon Moissacense names "quartum…filium [Ludovici]…ex concubina…Arnulfum" recording that his father gave him the county of Sens[234]. Comte de Sens 817. Charles Cawley and the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands: Germany, Kings and Emperors. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LudwigIIleGermanique Accessed January 10, 2017

Also see:





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Comments: 16

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Carolingian-192 and Carolingian-76 are not ready to be merged because: Sorry I made this duplicate by mistake
Carolingian-192 and Carolingian-76 appear to represent the same person because: Sorry I made this duplicate by mistake.
UNKNOWN-10307 and Carolingian-76 do not represent the same person because: merge is frozen; need to resubmit.
UNKNOWN-10307 and Carolingian-76 appear to represent the same person because: Please refer to the biography of UNKNOWN-10307

Spouse also needs to be merged

John: Thank-you for the clarifications. I'm going to leave the first name as listed for now, but add a bit of your explanation in the bio section. I'll also implement your suggestion about the title.
posted by Steve VanderLeest
Hludowic or Hludovic is the Latin form of his name see the sections in italics here http://home.earthlink.net/~henryproject/hproject/prov/louis000.htm If you are suggesting that we use the modern equivalent of this name Louis or Ludwig, then that is a different question. Also titles do belong in the nickname field according to the EuroAristo naming standards, however I would take out King of the Aquitainians which was a minor title and replace with Holy Roman Emperor.
posted by John Atkinson
I agree with Andrew, it makes more sense to use the Latin form, to avoid confusion when he is connected to his other family members, and to stay consistent with most of the other related profiles. We can still put the Frankish reconstruction in the bio to maintain all the information. I also suggest we put the various titles in the Name and Titles section of the bio, rather than as the middle name field. Any objections to making these changes?
posted by Steve VanderLeest
He was also called "the debonaire". I note this title was referred to on his son's page leading to someone thinking Wikitree had attached the wrong father.
posted by Andrew Lancaster
Coming from a confusion on his son's page, as the Frankish names are normally theoretical reconstructions, I think a more common solution for this period is to use the Latin forms which were used by speakers of all languages in this period. I would tend to explain Frankish reconstructions in the body.
posted by Andrew Lancaster
"of France"? I have not come across this title anywhere (not even in the French literature). Also, birth place is not certain, the place is named Cassinogilum in early sources and is thought to be either Chasseneuil-du-Poitou or Casseuil. (http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k33875d%20/f571.image.r=casseuil%20cassinogilum.langFR)

And he certainly didn't die in Mainz-Bingen (created in 1969), Rheinland-Pfalz (created in 1946), Germany (created in 1871).

posted by Helmut Jungschaffer
The Fair and Pious-1 and Carolingian-76 appear to represent the same person because: same person; please merge
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posted by Doug Lockwood
Pious-4 and Carolingian-76 appear to represent the same person because: I think they are meant to be the same person, even though the birth dates are very different.
posted by John Atkinson
Please don't put anything in his Middle Name field! That's not appropriate for monikers and sobriquets like "The Pious"!
posted by Roger Travis Jr.

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