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The Indonesia–Malaysia Confrontation (also known by its Indonesian/Malay name, Konfrontasi) was a violent conflict from 1963–66 that stemmed from Indonesia's opposition to the creation of Malaysia. The creation of Malaysia was the amalgamation of the Federation of Malaya (now West Malaysia), Singapore and the crown colony/British protectorates of North Borneo and Sarawak (collectively known as British Borneo, now East Malaysia) in September 1963. Important precursors to the conflict included Indonesia's policy of confrontation against Netherlands New Guinea from March–August 1962 and the Brunei Revolt in December 1962. The confrontation was an undeclared war with most of the action occurring in the border area between Indonesia and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo (known as Kalimantan in Indonesia). Australian casualties were sixteen killed, of whom seven were killed in action and nine died of wounds. In August 1966, there remained two Australian soldiers (both from the SASR) missing and presumed dead. Four Australian officers were awarded the Military Cross (MC) and three enlisted men the Military Medal (MM).
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