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While Baldwin indicates that both his date and place of birth are unknown, [1] both Cawley and Richardson estimate his year of birth as 880. [4] [5]
Baldwin gives his probable father as Heribert I, who died between 900 and 906, count of Vermandois, noting that "although not directly documented, this parentage is very probable. [1]Cawley also notes that there are no primary sources to verify his parents, Herbert I of Vermandois and Liedgardis. [3] Bradbury notes that "he was apparently well aware of his descent from Charlemagne." [6]
Richardson and others are comfortable in simply referring to Heribert II as son of Heribert I, Count of Vermandois. [4][7][2]
Baldwin states that his mother is unknown, [1]but that it is not Bertha, as reported in Wikipedia. [2] Baldwin refers to Berthe, daughter of Guerri (Wedricus), count of Morvois and his wife Eva, as a falsely attributed mother. [1]
Upon the death of Heribert's father, which occurred between 900 and 906, Herbert inherited the domain of his father.
In 907 Heribert added to his domains the Abbey of St. Medard in Soissons. [2] Heribert took the position of Lay abbot entitling him to the income of those estates. [7] Settipani reports that he first appears as lay-abbot of Saint-Médard de Soissons on 6 November 907 in an act of Charles the Simple.[8]
Estimating marriage date: Assuming his birth in 880, he would have been 21 in the year 901 and a marriage would most likely have occurred after 901.
Baldwin states that Heribert II married an unnamed daughter of Robert I, King of France, [1] Richardson adds that this unnamed daughter was Robert's by his wife Aelis.[4] Baldwin adds that the relationship between the families is confirmed by the fact that Hugues the Grand was termed an 'avunculus' (uncle, mother's brother) of Heribert's sons, who in turn are called nepotes (nephews) of Hugues [1] Heribert's relationship with an unnamed daughter is further confirmed by Flodoard naming Hugo an uncle of Heribert's sons. [9]
Cawley believes that Robert's daughter was named Adela, born before 898, and that Adela was the daughter of Robert's wife Adela, whom Cawley believes to be Robert's first wife, deceased by 207. [10] Elsewhere Cawley refers to Heribert's wife's mother as Lietgardis. [9] Adele as the name of the daughter of Robert who married Heribert also appears in Flodoard. [11]
Following Settipani, Cawley[9] believes Heribert was married before 21 May 907 based on a reading of a document of that date which names Robert as count and Adela as countess. Cawley believed that Robert's wife Adela was dead by that time and therefore the document referred to his daughter Adela, countess by virtue of her marriage to Heribert. [10] Baldwin prefers the interpretation that Adela was living and Robert's wife at the time of the 907 document, and that there was an earlier wife, Beatrix.
Cawley states that Adela's birth date is estimated from the birth of her first child in 915. [9] This dating would place the year of Adela's marriage as 914.
Dating the marriage to 914 would also be consistent with another fact. Flodoard records that Heribert's second son Hughes was aged 5 when Heribert had him made archbishop of Reims in 925, placing Hughes' birth at 920. Eudes was Heribert's oldest son; assume that in the natural course of things there was a daughter born in 918 and Eudes in 916 or 915, and one has an estimated marriage year of 914
This is also consistent with the signing of a charter in which the two families appear together. On 30 May 914 Heribert appears as a witness to a charter of Robert (of Neustria) and his son Hugues on 30 May 914 [12]
Baldwin, citing Flodoard, reports that Heribert's wife, still not named, was living in 931.[13]
Heribert's marriage with a daughter of king Robert I of France brought him the County of Meaux. [14]
In 923, using false promises of safe conduct, he captured king Charles the Simple who remained a captive for the rest of his life, dring in 929. [1][15] [14]
In 922, when Seulf became Archbishop of Rheims, in an effort to appease Herbert II, Seulf solemnly promised him he could nominate his successor. [2]
Then, on the death of Seulf in 925, with the help of King Rudolph, he acquired for his second son Hugh (then five years old) the archbishopric of Rheims. [16][17] This detail serves not only to illustrate Heribert's widely-known rapaciousness -- placing a five year old in such a position served no ecclesiastical purpose, but gave Heribert's family the income from the archbishopric -- but also serves to place Hughes' birth at 920 and Heribert's marriage no later than 919. Hughes was archbishop from 925-932 and again 940-946. [1]
Herbert took the additional step of sending emissaries to Rome to Pope John X to gain his approval, which that pope gave in 926. [18] On his election young Hugh was sent to Auxerre to study. [6]
In 926, on the death of Count Roger of Laon, Herbert demanded this countship for Eudes, his eldest son. He took the town in defiance of King Rudolph leading to a clash between the two in 927. [6]Using the threat of releasing King Charles III, who he held captive, Herbert managed to hold the city for four more years. [6]
After the death of Charles in 929, Rudolph again attacked Laon in 931 successfully defeating Herbert. [6]
The same year the king entered Rheims and defeated archbishop Hugh, the son of Herbert. [19] Artaud became the new archbishop of Reims. [19]
Herbert II then lost, in three years, Vitry, Laon, Château-Thierry, and Soissons.[20]
The intervention of his ally, Henry the Fowler, allowed him to restore his domains (except Rheims and Laon) in exchange for his submission to King Rudolph.[2]
Later Herbert allied with Hugh the Great and William Longsword, duke of Normandy against King Louis IV, who allocated the County of Laon to Roger II, the son of Roger I, in 941. [2]
Herbert and Hugh the Great took back Rheims and captured Artaud. [21]
Hugh, the son of Herbert, was restored as archbishop. [21]
Again the mediation of the German King Otto I in Visé, near Liège, in 942 allowed for the normalization of the situation.[2]
Heribert died in 943, and his lands were distributed among his sons in 946.[1] The specific date was 23 February 943. [22][5]
While the place of his death is unknown, he was buried at Saint-Quentin[1] [4][5] in Aisne (the capital of the county of Vermandois). [7]
At his death, Heribert II was Count of Vermandois, Count of Meaux, and Count of Soissons, the first to exercise power over the territory that became the province of Champagne.[2] His vast estates and territories were divided among his sons. [23]
Heribert II and Adele five sons and two daughters, [4] Heribert's lands were distributed among his sons in 946. The children are not listed in any one place in the contemporary sources, but various statements in Flodoard's annals clearly document the five sons and two daughters listed below. [1]
Of the children, only Hugues has a well documented approximate birthdate. Depending on whether Hugues was one of the elder or younger children, this has led to varying conjectures for the birthdates for the other children [see, e.g. Werner (1967), table; Bur (1977), 507-513; Schwager (1994), 401-6].[1]
Steward Baldwin identifies several falsely attributed children who are NOT children of Heribert II but sometimes appear in his genealogies:
Douglas Richardson [4] provides one line of descent from Charlemagne to William the Conqueror and four lines of descent from Charlemagne to William's wife Maud.
See also:
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Categories: House of Vermandois | Carolingian Dynasty | Charlemagne to William the Conqueror Descent