Lionel was the 2nd son of Thomas Cranfield, mercer of London, and his wife Martha Randill (Randall). He was baptised 13 March 1575 and was educated at St Paul's School. He was apprenticed to a merchant in silks and cloth and in this trade he made a vast fortune. In 1613 he entered Government service and was knighted, being elevated to the peerage as Baron Cranfield in 1621. The year following he was created Earl of Middlesex. He was impeached at the instigation of the Duke of Buckingham whose extravagance he opposed but he was pardoned in 1625. His first wife Elizabeth Sheppard died in 1617. His second wife, Countess Anne (Brett) was buried on 12 February 1670 (New Style dating).
Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex was baptised on 13 March 1574/75 at St. Michael's Church, Bassishaw, England. He was the son of Thomas Cranfield and Martha Randill. He married, firstly, Elizabeth Shepherd in 1596.2 He married, secondly, Anne Brett on 18 January 1620. He died circa August 1645 at Dorset House, Salisbury Court, London, England. He was buried on 14 August 1645 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.
Children of Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex by his first wife Elizabeth Cranfield née Sheppard (d. 1617): 1. Lady Martha Cranfield, Countess of Monmouth (b. 1601)+6 2. Lady Elizabeth Cranfield, Countess of Sheffield (b. 1608)+5 3. Lady Mary Cranfield (1610–1636)
Children of Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex by his second wife Anne Cranfield née Brett (d.1670): 1. James Cranfield, 2nd Earl of Middlesex (1621–1651) 2. Frances Cranfield, Countess of Dorset (1622–1687) 3. Lionel Cranfield, 3rd Earl of Middlesex (1625–1674) 4. Edward Cranfield (b.c 1628) 5. Susanna Cranfield (c.1631-1636)
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