Rutherford Birchard Hayes (1822 - 1893)

Born 4 Oct 1822 in Delaware, Delaware, Ohio, United States

Ancestors

Husband of Lucy Ware (Webb) Hayes — married 30 Dec 1852 in Cincinnati, Ohio

Descendants

Died 17 Jan 1893 at age 70 in Fremont, Sandusky, Ohio, United States

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Rutherford Hayes was the President of the United States. Join: US Presidents Project Discuss: presidents

Preceded by
Ulysses S. Grant

19th President of the United States
1877 - 1881

Succeeded by
James A. Garfield

Preceded by
William Allen

32nd Governor of Ohio
1876 - 1877

Succeeded by
Thomas L. Young

Preceded by
Jacob Dolson Cox

29th Governor of Ohio
1868 - 1872

Succeeded by
Edward Follansbee Noyes

Preceded by
Alexander Long

US Representative from Ohio (District 2)
1865 - 1867

Succeeded by
Samuel Fenton Cary

Biography

Rutherford Hayes is Notable.

Colonel Rutherford Hayes served in the United States Civil War.
Enlisted: 7 Jun 1861
Mustered out: 08 Jun 1865
Side: USA
Regiment(s): Company F&S, 23rd Regiment, Ohio Infantry

Rutherford Birchard Hayes (October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was the 19th President of the United States (1877–1881). As president, he oversaw the end of Reconstruction and the United States' entry into the Second Industrial Revolution. Hayes was a reformer who began the efforts that led to civil service reform and attempted, unsuccessfully, to reconcile the divisions that had led to the American Civil War fifteen years earlier.

Born in Delaware, Ohio, Hayes practiced law in Lower Sandusky (now Fremont) and was city solicitor of Cincinnati from 1858 to 1861. After the Civil War, he served in the U.S. Congress from 1865 to 1867 as a Republican. Hayes left Congress to run for Governor of Ohio and was elected to two consecutive terms, serving from 1868 to 1872. After his second term had ended, he resumed the practice of law for a time, but returned to politics in 1876 to serve a third term as governor.

Beneficiary of the most fiercely disputed election in American history, Rutherford B. Hayes brought to the Executive Mansion dignity, honesty, and moderate reform.

To the delight of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Lucy Webb Hayes carried out her husband's orders to banish wines and liquors from the White House.

Elected by a heavy majority, Hayes entered Congress in December 1865, troubled by the "Rebel influences ... ruling the White House." Between 1867 and 1876 he served three terms as Governor of Ohio.

Safe liberalism, party loyalty, and a good war record made Hayes an acceptable Republican candidate in 1876. He opposed Governor Samuel J. Tilden of New York.

Although a galaxy of famous Republican speakers, and even Mark Twain, stumped for Hayes, he expected the Democrats to win. When the first returns seemed to confirm this, Hayes went to bed, believing he had lost.

But in New York, Republican National Chairman Zachariah Chandler, aware of a loophole, wired leaders to stand firm: Hayes has 185 votes and is elected.

The popular vote apparently was 4,300,000 for Tilden to 4,036,000 for Hayes. Hayes's election depended upon contested electoral votes in Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida. If all the disputed electoral votes went to Hayes, he would win; a single one would elect Tilden.

Months of uncertainty followed. In January 1877 Congress established an Electoral Commission to decide the dispute. The commission, made up of eight Republicans and seven Democrats, determined all the contests in favor of Hayes by eight to seven. The final electoral vote: 185 to 184.

Northern Republicans had been promising southern Democrats at least one Cabinet post, Federal patronage, subsidies for internal improvements, and withdrawal of troops from Louisiana and South Carolina.

Hayes insisted that his appointments must be made on merit, not political considerations. For his Cabinet he chose men of high caliber. But, this outraged many Republicans because one member was an ex-Confederate and another had bolted the party as a Liberal Republican in 1872.

Hayes pledged protection of the rights of Negroes in the South, but at the same time advocated the restoration of "wise, honest, and peaceful local self-government." This meant the withdrawal of troops. Hayes hoped such conciliatory policies would lead to the building of a "new Republican party" in the South, to which white businessmen and conservatives would rally.

Many of the leaders of the new South did indeed favor Republican economic policies and approved of Hayes's financial conservatism, but they faced annihilation at the polls if they were to join the party of Reconstruction. Hayes and his Republican successors were persistent in their efforts but could not win over the "solid South."

Hayes had announced in advance that he would serve only one term, and retired to Spiegel Grove, his home in Fremont, Ohio, in 1881. He died in 1893. Read more on Wikipedia [1]

Military Service

When the Civil War began, Hayes left a successful political career to join the Union Army. Wounded five times, most seriously at the Battle of South Mountain, he earned a reputation for bravery in combat and was promoted to the rank of major general. He fought in the Civil War, was wounded in action, and rose to the rank of brevet major general. While he was still in the Army, Cincinnati Republicans ran him for the House of Representatives. He accepted the nomination, but would not campaign, explaining, "an officer fit for duty who at this crisis would abandon his post to electioneer... ought to be scalped."

• Civil War Allegiance = United States Union

• Service/branch United States Army; Union Army

• Years of service (1861–1865)

• Highest Rank Achieved: Brevet Major General

• Military Unit: 23rd Ohio Infantry, Kanawha Division

• Battles/wars American Civil War Battle of South Mountain Valley Campaigns of 1864

Family Life

Rutherford Birchard Hayes was born in Delaware, Ohio, on October 4, 1822, the son of Rutherford Hayes and Sophia Birchard. Hayes's father, a Vermont storekeeper, took the family to Ohio in 1817 but died ten weeks before his son's birth. Sophia took charge of the family, bringing up Hayes and his sister, Fanny, the only two of her four children to survive to adulthood. She never remarried. Sophia's younger brother, Sardis Birchard, lived with the family for a time. Always close to Hayes, Sardis Birchard became a father figure to him, contributing to his early education.

Hayes moved to Cincinnati in 1850, and opened a law office with John W. Herron, a lawyer from Chillicothe. Later, Herron joined a more established firm and Hayes formed a new partnership with William K. Rogers and Richard M. Corwine. Hayes found business better in Cincinnati, and enjoyed the social attractions of the larger city, joining the Cincinnati Literary Society and the Odd Fellows Club. He also attended the Episcopal Church in Cincinnati but did not become a member. Hayes courted his future wife, Lucy Webb, during his time there. His mother had encouraged him to get to know Lucy years earlier, but Hayes had believed she was too young and focused his attention on other women. Four years later, Hayes began to spend more time with Lucy. They became engaged in 1851 and married on December 30, 1852, at the house of Lucy's mother. Over the next five years, Lucy gave birth to three sons: Birchard Austin (1853), Webb Cook (1856), and Rutherford Platt (1858). Lucy, a Methodist, teetotaler, and abolitionist, influenced her husband's views on those issues, although he never formally joined her church.

Through both his father and mother, Hayes was of New England colonial ancestry. His earliest American ancestor emigrated to Connecticut from Scotland in 1625.

Hayes's great-grandfather, Ezekiel Hayes, was a Militia Captain in Connecticut in the American Revolutionary War.

But Ezekiel's son (Hayes's grandfather, also named Rutherford) left his New Haven home during the war for the relative peace of Vermont. His mother's ancestors arrived in Vermont at a similar time, and most of his close relatives outside Ohio continued to live there. John Noyes, an uncle by marriage, had been his father's business partner in Vermont and was later elected to Congress. His first cousin, Mary Jane Noyes Mead, was the mother of sculptor Larkin Goldsmith Mead and architect William Rutherford Mead. John Humphrey Noyes, the founder of the Oneida Community, was also a first cousin.

[[2]]

• Born in Ohio in 1822, Hayes was educated at Kenyon College and Harvard Law School. After five years of law practice in Lower Sandusky, he moved to Cincinnati, where he flourished as a young Whig lawyer.

Personal Details

• Born: Rutherford Birchard Hayes, October 4, 1822, Delaware, Ohio, U.S.
• Died: January 17, 1893 (aged 70), Fremont, Ohio, U.S., *Resting place Find A Grave: Memorial #464 Spiegel Grove State Park, Fremont, Ohio

• Spouse: Lucy Webb married December 30, 1852, at the house of Lucy's mother.

• Eight children of Rutherford Birchard Hayes and Lucy Ware Webb

Child: Manning Force Hayes

Child: Scott Russell Hayes

Child: Frances R Hayes

Child: George Cook Hayes

Child: Joseph Thompson Hayes

Child: Rutherford Platt Hayes

Child: James Webb Cook Hayes

Child: Birchard Austin Hayes

• Alma mater: Kenyon College, Harvard Law School
• Profession: Lawyer
• Religion: Methodism
• Military Service: Ohio

Political Career

• Political party: Republican (1854–1893)Other political affiliations Whig (Before 1854)
• 19th President of the United States (March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881)
• 29th Governor of Ohio (January 13, 1868 – January 8, 1872)
• 32th Governor of Ohio (January 10, 1876 – March 2, 1877) and
• Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio's 2nd district (March 4, 1865 – July 20, 1867)

Most Distant Known Ancestors

Paternal

Link to 10 Generation Paternal Chart

Maternal

Link to 10 Generation Maternal Chart

Legacy

• President Hayes was the first president to establish an Presidential library after he left office.
• Due to his diplomatic participation in a territorial dispute between Paraguay & Argentina, a province in Paraguay was named in his honor.
• Hayes County, Nebraska is named in his honor.

Sources

• Whitehouse Biography
• RUTHERFORD B. HAYES PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY & MUSEUMS
• Find A Grave: Memorial #464
• Captain Ezekiel Hayes =

http://sites.rootsmagic.com/RutherfordBHayes/individual.php?p=4

• Wikipedia Rutherford B. Hayes
• Database online. Year: 1880; Census Place: Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, District of Columbia; Roll: 123; Family History Film: 1254123; Page: 201A; Enumeration District: 53; Image: 0405.
• Source S81 Author: Yates Publishing Title: U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900
• Source: S7 Media: Book Abbreviation: Descendants of George Abbott Title: Descendants of George Abbott, of Rowley, Mass. : of his joint descendants with George Abbott, sr., of Andover, Mass., of the descendants of Daniel Abbott, of Providence, R.I., of some of the descendants of Capt. Thomas Abbott, of Andover, Mass., of George Abbott, of Norwalk Ct., of Robert Abbott, of Branford Ct., with brief notes of many others of the name, original settlers in the United States Author: Lemuel Abijah Abbott Publication: Ancestry.com. Descendants of George Abbott, of Rowley, Mass. : of his joint descendants with George Abbott, sr., of Andover, Mass., of the de [database on-line]. Provo, UT: The Generations Network, Inc., 2005. Original data: Abbott, Lemuel Abijah,. Descendants of George Abbott, of Rowley, Mass. : of his joint descendants with George Abbott, sr., of Andover, Mass., of the descendants of Daniel Abbott, of Providence, R.I., of some of the descendants of Capt. Thomas Abbott, of Andover, Mass., of George Abbott, of Norwalk Ct., of Robert Abbott, of Branford Ct., with brief notes of many others of the name, original settlers in the United States. Boston: Abbott, 1906.
• https://archive.org/stream/portraitbiograph19chap#page/91/mode/1up Portrait & Bio. Album of Mahaska Co. IA (1887)]
• National Park Service
• All the President’s Medicine: Rutherford B. Hayes at the Battle of South Mountain
• "United States Civil War Soldiers Index, 1861-1865," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FS9Q-QZP : 4 December 2014), Rutherford B. Hayes, Colonel, Company F&S, 23rd Regiment, Ohio Infantry, Union; citing NARA microfilm publication M552 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 46; FHL microfilm 882,259.
• Official roster of the soldiers of the state of Ohio in the War of the Rebellion, 1861-1866, Vol. III. Rutherford B. Hayes, 23rd Ohio Field and Staff, pg 71.
• Memorandum Relative to the General Officers in the Armies of the United States During the Civil War--1861-1865, 1908.
• Rutherford B. Hayes, pg 20.