Frank James was involved in the "Wild, Wild West," part of the westward expansion of the United States. Join the Wild Wild West Project.
Alexander "Frank" Franklin James was a notorious "wild-west" outlaw.
He was part Quantrill's Company, which was known for it's vigilante style justice based on revenge and personal gain. They targeted Union soldiers, abolitionists and private citizens alike.
Dime Novel
After the war, Frank and his brother, Jesse, were members of the James-Younger Gang, feared murderers, train robbers and bank robbers.
Their exploits were made famous and romanticized by the sale of dime novels.
Alexander Franklin James was born 10 January 1843 in Kearney, Clay County, Missouri. He was the oldest child of Robert James and Zerelda Cole.
In the 1850 census Franklin (age 10) was in Platte Township, Clay, Missouri, United States.[1] "Frank" was listed as a 10 year old son, but was more likely around the age of 7 or 8. His father was a Baptist minister, and would die very soon after this census was recorded. Robert James followed the miners to California during the "Gold Rush." He had planned to prospect and preach to the crowds. Unfortunatly, he contracted Cholera and died a few days after arriving.[2]
After the death of his father, Frank's mother, Zerelda, married Benjamin Simms in 1852.[3] This marriage only lasted a couple of years, and Zarelda was widowed a second time. Her third marriage in 1855 was to Dr. Reuben Samuel.[4]
In the 1860 census Alexander (age 16) was in Washington Township, Clay, Missouri, United States. He was living in his stepfather's home[5]
From his mother's third marriage, Frank had 5 half siblings:
In 1861, at the start of the Civil War, Frank was 18 years old, and Missouri was a contested border state. The old "Southern" state had an influx of Northern and European settlers in the years just before the war. So the state was a mixed bag when it came to loyalties. But the James and Samuel families were pro-Confederate. Frank joined the Missouri State Guard which besieged Lexington, Missouri in September of that year. Frank contracted the measles, and when the Confederate troops fled, he was left behind. After being arrested, the Union paroled him, and sent him home.[6]
He didn't stay home for long, and joined William Quantrill's band of pro-Confederate guerillas.[7] They rode the countryside raiding citizens and Union troops. One raid in Lawrence, Kansas, 200 citizens were slaughtered. Lawrence Invaded[8][6] By this time, Frank's brother, Jesse, was old enough to join their cause, and together joined "Bloody Bill" Anderson's group. Their actions as guerrillas led to their family being exiled from Missouri.[9]
After the war, Frank and his brother Jesse, never settled back down into a normal life. They were resentful of the Confederacy's defeat, and turned to a life of crime. (A more extensive list of their crimes can be found on Jesse's profile) Together with the Younger brothers, they formed a gang, The James-Younger gang. The brothers robbed banks, trains and other heists. Some were more personal than others.
Some of their targets were for revenge. Killing to serve as pay back for offenses done during the war. Such as the murder of John Sheets. His death was mistaken identity. Jesse James thought he was killing Major Samuel Cox, who had killed "Bloody Bill" Anderson.[10]
On 26 January 1875, Pinkterton Agents got word that the James brothers were staying at the family farm. Around 1 in the morning, the agents raided the home. During the fight, a shell was thrown into the house. Upon exploding, it severed the right arm of Zerelda Samuel, and killed young Archie Samuel. Archie, the half-brother of Frank and James, was only 13 years old. Their mother, Zerelda, recovered from her wounds, and lived around 30 more years.
Amid all the chaos and crime in his life, Frank managed to woo and win a well-educated society girl from Independence, Missouri.
In September of 1875, a notice appeared in the St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
The notice read:[12]
Married to a James Boy
[From the Moberly Enterprise-Monitor, July 25th]
A private letter from Independence con-
veys to us the information that Miss Annie
Ralston, a handsome and accomplished young
lady of Independence, MO., ran away with
and married one of the James boys a few days
ago. She was educated at Independence
College and is quite a belle wherever known
having been a successful school teacher in the
section of country in which she lived.
Married life didn't slow down Frank or Jesse James. Frank and Jesse spent 16 years in their lawless profession, and were never caught.
An article was written up after the gang robbed a train on 5 July 1876. Train Robbery[15]
7 September 1876, The James and Younger Gang, robbed a Northfield bank, killing the cashier named Haywood. During this robbery, 2 members of the gang were killed, Bill Chadwell and Charley Pitts. Northfield, MN Robbery[16] On the run after this robbery, the Younger brothers were captured on 21 September 1876. Capture of the Younger Brothers[17]
In the 1880 census Frank (age 40), Farmer, was the married head of household in Davidson, Tennessee, United States.[18] He and his brother, Jesse, are using aliases. Frank was known as Ben Woodson, and Jesse was known as George Howard. Later this year, Frank will go to trial for his crimes, and several people will testify. A man from Tennessee named W. S. Earthman testified that he knew Frank James as Ben Woodson.[19]
The train robbery in Winston, Missouri on 15 July 1881, was the beginning of the end for the James brothers. Robbing the Chicago Rock Island and Pacific train, they killed the conductor, William Westfall and passenger Frank McClellan. Train Robbery[20]
The railway, tired of the elusive brothers, funded a reward offered by the governor. Reward Offered[21]
Warrant for his arrest for the robbery of the Pacific Railroad Company in 1881
The James brother's life of crime came to an end on 3 April 1882. Jesse James was gunned down by a trusted member of his own gang, Bob Ford. Ford turned on Jesse for the $10,000 bounty on his head. Jesse James Killed[22]
Six months later, Frank, ready for a quiet life, turned himself in. Worried he might meet his brother's fate, he took his chances with the courts. He was tried and aquitted, and settled down with his wife away from the spotlight. Frank Surrenders[23]
Frank's trial was coined "The Great Trial," and began on 21 July 1883. He was being charged with the murder of William Westfall and Frank McMillan during the robbery of the Chicago Rock Island and Pacific passenger car at Winston, Missouri on 15 July 1881.[24] The trial carried on until 6 September 1883 when the jury brought back a verdict of not guilty. Frank James Acquitted[25]
In the 1910 census Frank (age 68) was the married head of household in Delaware, Caddo, Oklahoma, United States.[26]
Alexander died on 18 February 1915 in Clay, Missouri, United States. Death Certificate[27]
Frank was mentioned on a memorial in Hill Park Cemetery, Independence, Jackson County, Missouri, United States with a death date of 18 February 1915.[28]
There is a story in the family of Malvina (Miles) Timms Morgan Meadows, that her daughter, Elvira Timms was the daughter of Frank James. It is said that Franklin Timms, from Tennessee, was an alias for Frank James.
Malvina and Franklin Timms were married in 1854, Frank James would have been 11 at the time.
Frank was not living a life of crime in the early years, and would not have needed an alias until much later.
Census records do not match up with Malvina and Frank James.
Elvira's date of birth is most likely 1855, not the 1859 recorded on her death record
Another tree suggested that Elvira was the daughter of Charles A. Morgan, Malvina's second husband, and C. A. Morgan was the alias for Frank James.
Malvina and C.A. Morgan were married in 1858, Frank James would have been 15 years old at this time.
Elvira's family had stories handed down that they related closely with Alexander Franklin James-759, and this was incorrect, even though both were located in Nashville, TN. But, they are both the FIFTH generation down from the shared ancestor, Thomas B. James.
This makes the TIMMS family story partly correct, and partly false. Other family stories said Elvira's father was "an Old Man", and this proved correct, as Thomas Green James was a much older man, who lived just doors away from the Timms family.
She was legally a Timms and not a James. Her legal father was Timms-10621.
Emma Chase
There is a rumor that Frank and Jesse spent several years in Devil's Nest, Nebraska, and each married a Native American woman, and each had a child.
The children were born in 1870, and carried the last name Chase, since that was the alias the brothers were using.
Is it told the brothers left Nebraska in July 1870, and never went back
Research Notes
There is no evidence of a marriage to Malvina Miles. I left notes on her profile, but she should be removed. Daughter Elvira James was the daughter of Malvina, and she should be removed as well.
Looked on Malvina's profile, and she has another message on her profile from 2020, saying she needs to be removed from Frank's profile. Since this is an ongoing issue, I am going to go ahead and remove her profile. There is no evidence in Frank's history to support another wife, especially at such a young age as 16 or younger (age he would have been if he was the father of Elvira)
There was a census record from 1870 attached to this profile, but after some research, I found it was actually for another man named Alexander Campbell James. He married Laura Nally, and they lived in Missouri. I removed the record.
Frank James seems to be confused often with Alexander Campbell James from Pike County, Missouri who married Laura Nalley. These 2 men cannot be the same person, because they appear at different places in the same census record. A. C. James was the son of John James and Elizabeth Thompson
He has not been located in the 1870 or 1900 census as of this date. (Mutimer-76 03:07, 12 May 2023 (UTC))
I found a duplicate profile James-18761, but I am trying to get the father attached cleaned up before we merge. The father will have to be merged as well, but right now he is attached to the incorrect parents. (Mutimer-76 01:04, 13 May 2023 (UTC))
Sources
↑
"United States Census, 1850"
citing family , NARA microfilm publication (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.).
FamilySearch Record: MDZ7-1JV (accessed 10 May 2023)
FamilySearch Image: S3HY-6Q9Q-VDS Image number 00229
Franklin James (10) in Platte Township, Clay, Missouri, United States. Born in Missouri.
Name
Sex
Age
Occupation
Birth Place
Robert James
M
31
B P Preacher
Kentucky
Sarilda James
F
28
Kentucky
Franklin James
M
10
Missouri
Jesse R James
M
4
Missouri
Susan James
F
0
Missouri
↑ 2.02.1
"Newspapers.com"
The Paris News (Paris, Texas) Sun, Feb 19, 1939, page 6
Newspapers Clip: 124432410 (accessed 11 May 2023)
↑
"Missouri Marriages, 1750-1920"
citing FHL microfilm: 955303;
FamilySearch Record: V28W-56H (accessed 11 May 2023)
Zerilda James marriage to Benjamin Simms on 30 Sep 1852 in Clay, Missouri, United States.
↑
"Missouri Marriages, 1750-1920"
citing FHL microfilm: 955303;
FamilySearch Record: V2DL-PCH (accessed 11 May 2023)
Zarilda Sims marriage to Rueben Samuel on 26 Sep 1855 in Clay, Missouri, United States.
↑
"United States Census, 1860"
citing Page: 133; Affiliate Publication Number: M653; Affiliate Film Number: 614; FHL microfilm: 803614; Record number: 16345;
FamilySearch Record: MH8S-K3L (accessed 10 May 2023)
FamilySearch Image: 33S7-9BSH-B4H Image number 00425
Alexander James (16) in Washington Township, Clay, Missouri, United States. Born in Missouri.
↑ Connelley, William, Quantrill and the Border Wars The Torch Press Publishers, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 1910 (Digital Book : accessed 13 May 2023) Digital LIbrary University of Missouri
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Leavenworth Times (Leavenworth, Kansas) Sat, Aug 22, 1863, page 2
Newspapers Clip: 124493346 (accessed 12 May 2023)
↑ Frank and Jesse James Court Documents from Daviess County, Missouri State Archives, (James Biography : accessed 12 May 2023)
↑ Stark, David, Gallatin; December, 2000, Who Was Murder Victim Capt. John Sheets and Why Was He Shot? (John Sheets : accessed 12 May 2023) Daviess County HIstorical Society
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Kansas City Times (Kansas City, Missouri) Wed, Aug 16, 1876, page 4
Newspapers Clip: 124378749 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
St. Louis Globe-Democrat (St. Louis, Missouri) Tue, Aug 31, 1875, page 7
Newspapers Clip: 124414897 (accessed 11 May 2023)
↑
"Missouri, U.S., Birth Registers, 1847-2002"
Missouri State Archives; Jefferson City, MO, USA; Missouri Birth Records [Microfilm]; Page number: 50; Line Number: 3 Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry Record 1170 #158749487 (accessed 12 May 2023)
James born to Frank G James and Annie James on 2 Feb 1885 in Independence, Jackson, Missouri, USA.
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The St. Joseph Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri) Tue, Aug 15, 1876, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124392988 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
Bismarck Weekly Tribune (Bismarck, North Dakota) Wed, Sep 13, 1876, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 2542687 (accessed 13 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
St. Louis Globe-Democrat (St. Louis, Missouri) Thu, Sep 28, 1876, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124602174 (accessed 13 May 2023)
↑
"United States Census, 1880"
citing enumeration district , sheet , NARA microfilm publication T9 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), FHL microfilm .
FamilySearch Record: MD7M-1FC (accessed 10 May 2023)
FamilySearch Image: 33S7-9YBC-C37 Image number 00691
Ben J Woodson (40), married, Farmer, head of household in Davidson, Tennessee, United States. Born in Maryland, United States.
Name
Sex
Age
Status
Relation
Occupation
Birth Place
Ben. J. Woodson
M
40
Married
Head
Farmer
Maryland, United States
Fannie Woodson
F
27
Married
Wife
Keeping House
Maryland, United States
Robert Woodson
M
2
Single
Son
Tennessee, United States
Geo. D. Howard
M
32
Married
Brother-in-law
Farmer
Maryland, United States
Josie Howard
F
29
Married
Sister-in-law
Maryland, United States
Charles Howard
M
4
Single
Nephew
Tennessee, United States
Mary Howard
F
1
Single
Niece
Tennessee, United States
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri) Thu, Aug 30, 1883, page 3
Newspapers Clip: 124463949 (accessed 11 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Kansas City Times (Kansas City, Missouri) Sun, Jul 17, 1881, page 8
Newspapers Clip: 77671107 (accessed 13 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Kansas City Times (Kansas City, Missouri) Sat, Jul 30, 1881, page 4
Newspapers Clip: 124608336 (accessed 13 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Missouri) Thu, Apr 6, 1882, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124527536 (accessed 12 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Kansas City Daily Times (Kansas City, Missouri) Sat, Oct 7, 1882, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124529035 (accessed 12 May 2023)
↑ Miller, George Jr., The Trial of Frank James for murder: with confessions of Dick Liddil and Clarence Hite, and history of the "James gang." George Miller, Jr. Publisher, 1898, Page 5 (Trial of Frank James : accessed 13 May 2023) Digital Library Univerysity of Missouri
↑
"Newspapers.com"
St. Joseph Gazette-Herald (St. Joseph, Missouri) Fri, Sep 7, 1883, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124607167 (accessed 13 May 2023)
↑
"United States Census, 1910"
citing enumeration district (ED) ED 58, sheet 1A, family 9, NARA microfilm publication T624 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1982), roll 1245; FHL microfilm 1,375,258.
FamilySearch Record: MLQ4-BFY (accessed 10 May 2023)
FamilySearch Image: 33S7-9RK7-6WH Image number 00232
Frank James (68), married head of household in Delaware, Caddo, Oklahoma, United States. Born in Missouri.
↑
Find a Grave (has image)
Find A Grave: Memorial #537 (accessed 10 May 2023)
Memorial page for Frank James (10 Jan 1843-18 Feb 1915), citing Hill Park Cemetery, Independence, Jackson County, Missouri, USA; Maintained by Find a Grave.
↑ Daviess County Common Pleas Court, Court records of Daniel Smoote vs. Frank and Jesse James,
Frank and Jesse James Case Files, File 3, Page 1-29,(Missouri Digital Heritage Collection : accessed 12 May 2023) Missouri State Archives
↑ Daviess County Circuit Court, Court records of State of Missouri vs. Frank and Jesse James - Murder of John Sheets, 1870, Frank and Jesse James Case Files, File 6, Page 38-41, (Missouri Digital Heritage Collection : accessed 12 May 2023) Missouri State Archives
↑ Daviess County Circuit Court, Court records of State of Missouri vs. Frank James - Murder of John Sheets, Frank and Jesse James Case Files, File 9, Page 77-89 (Missouri Digital Heritage Collection : accessed 12 May 2023) Missouri State Archives
↑
"Newspapers.com"
St. Joseph Gazette-Herald (St. Joseph, Missouri) Fri, Aug 31, 1883, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124391618 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
St. Joseph Gazette-Herald (St. Joseph, Missouri) Sat, Sep 1, 1883, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124391870 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri) Thu, Sep 6, 1883, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124385533 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri) Thu, Sep 6, 1883, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124385432 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri) Thu, Sep 6, 1883, page 2
Newspapers Clip: 42851783 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri) Thu, Sep 6, 1883, page 3
Newspapers Clip: 16045268 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The St. Joseph Weekly Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri) Thu, Sep 6, 1883, page 4
Newspapers Clip: 124385858 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Kansas City Times (Kansas City, Missouri) Fri, Feb 19, 1915, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124380733 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Kansas City Times (Kansas City, Missouri) Fri, Feb 19, 1915, page 1
Newspapers Clip: 124380834 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Kansas City Times (Kansas City, Missouri) Fri, Feb 19, 1915, page 2
Newspapers Clip: 124380916 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Leon Journal-Reporter (Leon, Iowa) Thu, Feb 25, 1915, page 5
Newspapers Clip: 124385028 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Courier-Journal (Louisville, Kentucky) Sun, Feb 21, 1915, page 6
Newspapers Clip: 124380484 (accessed 10 May 2023)
↑
"Newspapers.com"
The Current Local (Van Buren, Missouri) Thu, Apr 29, 1915, page 3
Newspapers Clip: 124384678 (accessed 10 May 2023)
See also:
"U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900" Source number: 443.000; Source type: Electronic Database; Number of Pages: 1; Submitter Code: CLJ Ancestry Record 7836 #640289 (accessed 11 May 2023) Alexander Franklin James marriage to Annie Ralston in 1874.
DNA Connections
It may be possible to confirm family relationships with Frank by comparing test results with other carriers of his Y-chromosome or his mother's mitochondrial DNA.
Y-chromosome DNA test-takers in his direct paternal line on WikiTree:
James-30642 and James-759 are not ready to be merged because: The James-30642 duplicate appears to have been created to bring to the James-759 profile a debunked paternity claim through the merge, Westward Ho Project has set this merge to Unmerged Match. The child attached to James-30642 would have to be shown an offspring thru primary source documentation. As noted on that profile, the DNA claim made is not supported and does not follow WikiTree DNA guidelines.
Hi Karen, James-8458 is for a living person, and the profile is locked. It looks to be completely empty, so there are no photos or DNA results to see on the profile.