Georg Jakob Kaiser (1877 - 1963)

Born 9 May 1877 in Grimm, Saratov, Russia

Ancestors

Husband of Charlotte (Kerbel) Kaiser — married 1903 in Grimm, Saratov, Russia

Husband of Charlotta (Trott) Kaiser — married after 1940 in Fond du Lac, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, United States

Descendants

Died 5 Aug 1963 at age 86 in Fond du Lac, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, United States

Problems/Questions Profile manager: Julie Mangano [send private message]

Biography

Jake Kaiser was a Volga German.

Jake Kaiser has German Roots.

Jake Kaiser migrated from Russia (German) to Wisconsin, USA.

Family #37 in the 1897 Grimm census.

YDNA Haplogroup I-M170

Birth Date and Place

• 09 May 1877
• Grimm, Saratov, Russia

Parents

• Christian Jakob Kaiser
• Anna Elisabeth Schmidt

Marriage

• Charlotte (Kerbel) Kaiser
• 1903
• Grimm, Saratov, Russia

Children

• Alexander Kaiser, born 1904, born in Grimm, Russia
• August Kaiser, born 1907, born in Bahia Blanca, Argentina
• Jacob Kaiser, born 1910, born in Grimm, Russia
• Paul Edward Kaiser, born 1922, born in Colorado, United States

Immigration

• Immigrated to United States in January 1906; refused entry due to sick child
• Immigrated to Argentina in February 1906
• Immigrated back to Russia, before April 1910
• Immigrated to United States 03 October 1911

Occupation

• Carpenter
• Furniture maker
• Casket maker

Death Date and Place

• 5 August 1963
• Fond du Lac, Wisconsin

Georg Jacob Kaiser's family is one of many that immigrated to Russia from Germany in the mid- to late-1700s. The history behind the mass immigration is detailed in the History section below.

Germans typically gave their child three names, using the middle name to identify them. Thus, a child named Georg Jacob would have used Jacob on a daily basis. In the case of my great grandfather, her preferred to use the name Jake. In numerous documents, such as Draft documents for WWI and WWII, Naturalization papers, U.S. City Directories and on his gravestone, he is referred to as Jacob G. Kaiser.

Some sources claim Jake's father was Christian Jacob Kaiser, but I was unable to confirm that other than on the Passenger Ship List record from his 1911 arrival to Philadelphia from Liverpool. According to Jakob's death certificate, his father's name was Conrad Kaiser. I recently wrote to the Social Security office to obtain a copy of his Social Security application. Written in Jake Kaiser's own hand, it confirmed that his parents were Christ Kaiser and Anna Schmidt. I should note that this application was for a replacement card; his original card was lost.

Social Security Application Details ^[1]

Name: George Jacob Kaiser

Preferred name for work: Jacob Kaiser

Address: 192 N. Brooke Street, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin

Age at last birthday: 64

Date of birth: 09 May 1877

Place of birth: Grimm, Grimm, Saratov, Russia

Present employer: Northern Casket Co.

Business address: 16 N. Brooke Street, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin

Father's name: Christ Kaiser

Mother's name: Anna Schmidt

Date last full time job ended and last occupation: Still working; cabinet maker and casket manufacturer

Payment method: Piece work, daily wage

Date signed: 11 August 1941

The newly published 1897 Grimm Census confirms that his father's name was Christian. ^[2]

Georg Jakob "Jake" Kaiser was born on 09 May 1877 to parents Christian Jakob Kaiser and Anna Elisabeth Schmidt. On his paternal side of the family, he was a descendant of Johannes Kaiser and Anna Margaretha Kaltenberger, two of the first settlers in the Colony of Grimm. On his mother's side, Johann Georg Schmidt was also one of the first settlers in Grimm.

Jake Kaiser and Charlotte Kerbel were married in 1903, and the following year on June 29, 1904, their first child, Alexander, was born. ^[3]

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Germans were disillusioned with life in Russia. The government had reneged on some of their promises to the settlers, and many dreamed of a better life in another country. ^[3] In early 1907, Jake and Charlotte decided to immigrate to the United States with their young son Alex. They traveled in a group with other family members and their children. Upon their arrival at Ellis Island, it was discovered that one of the children had an ear infection and the child was denied entrance to the U.S. ^[3] Rather than break up their families, neither family chose to remain, but that said, they still did not want to return to Russia. ^[3] Once back at their original port of departure, Hamburg, Germany, the families decided to go to Argentina, where there was already a large population of Germans and Volga Germans. ^[3]

The circuitous route took them back to Hamburg Germany, where they boarded a ship bound for La Plata, Argentina. Traveling steerage, they made the ardurous journey which included stops in Dover, England; Boulogne-sur-Mer, France; Coruña Spain; Lisbon, Portugal; and finally La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Note that although the two brothers' families were listed together in the passenger list, the surname for Alex's family was misspelled as Heiser, instead of Kaiser. ^[4]

The ship docked in Argentina, and the two families made their homes there.^[3] Jake's wife gave birth to her second child, son August Kaiser, on April 26, 1907, in Bahia Blanca. ^[3] The growing family remained in Argentina for perhaps a year, but his wife Charlotte was miserable. As soon as it was financially possible, his wife convinced him to move the family back to Grimm, probably in late 1908 or early 1909. ^[3] Her third child, Jacob, was born in Grimm on April 28, 1910. ^[5] Back in Grimm, nothing had changed, and Jake and Charlotte were still restless for a new life. Once again they made plans to immigrate to the U.S. The family departed Grimm some time in August 1911, headed for Libau. ^[3]

When families left the Volga region for a port that would lead to America, they usually traveled northwest by train from Saratov to Moscow, and then due west or southwest to the port city. Most Volga Germans from Grimm traveled first to Libau, now called Liepaja, in Latvia. This involved taking a train from Saratov to Moscow and then connecting with another train that would continue due west from to Riga and finally Libau. Some trains traveled north to Minsk first, and then down to Libau. The distance from Saratov to Libau is a little over 1,200 miles, and it was probably even longer if there was no direct train route.

British immigration records show the Kaiser family traveled via the United S. S. Co. to Kingston upon Hull in Yorkshire, England.^[6] The town was more commonly known as Hull. Although I have searched for that steamship company, I can find no record of it. There may have been a clerical error regarding the name of the steamship company through which they sailed.

Research shows there were two shipping lines that provided passenger service to Hull:

• The Wilson Line of Hull, England: It mainly transported passengers between Norway and England.
• F.Å.A.: This was an acronym for the Finnish Steamship Company which transported passengers from Helsinki and Libau to Hull.

Wikipedia confirms the Finnish Steamship Company Finska Ångfartygs Aktiebolag was also known as F.Å.A. ^[7] Their ship was the S.S. Titania, primarily used to transport emigres from Finland to Hull. It made stops along the way in Libau and Copenhagen, picking up and transporting Russians and Jewish Latvians in addition to Volga Germans. ^[8]

Note: I am separating Volga Germans from Russians, even though they were technically Russians in terms of their citizenship and passport documentation. The Volga Germans considered themselves a separate group of people for more than 150 years, never intermarrying with Russians or any other ethnic minority in Russia. According to the Genealogical Society of Finland, while some ships traveled from Helsinki to Hull, some ships carried Russians directly from Libau to Hull. "Apart from Finns, the volumes record thousands of Russians, a number of Estonians, Latvians and Livonians. Many of the Russians have Jewish names, but even German names are common...It is unclear whether all Russian emigrants traveled by way of Hanko, since F.Å.A. boats carried Russian emigrants from Libau to Hull without calling at a Finnish port." (emphasis added) ^[9]

A search for a copy of the F.Å.A. passenger lists from 1912 was unsuccessful. Copies of the passenger lists up to 1910 and after 1918 exist; the lists for passengers traveling between those years are either not available or were destroyed. ^[10]

The ship docked in Hull at the Riverside Quay, a dock built specifically to handle quick turnaround ocean vessel traffic at the port. A rail station adjoined the quay, allowing European travelers to conveniently board a train that took them to Liverpool where they would board larger ocean liners that headed to America. ^[11]

According to historical records, once the passengers arrived in Liverpool, they were not allowed to board outbound ships until the day before or the day of departure. If they arrived earlier than that, they were forced to stay in a lodging house. ^[12] Historically, the lodging houses had a reputation for being crowded and unsanitary. By the turn of the 20th century, often the steamship companies looked after the emigrants during their stay, putting them up in company-owned lodges. ^[12] Although conditions in the early 1900s were better than those 30-50 years earlier, there were still complaints. ^[12] It's difficult to imagine which was worse: lodging accommodations in the Liverpool or steerage class on board a ship. Knowing this makes it clear how horrible the conditions in their homeland must have been. Uprooting families and enduring the long, uncomfortable journey to America was a small price to pay for the chance at a better life.

The family spent anywhere from 7 to 21 days in England, most of them in Liverpool waiting for their ship to depart on 20 September 1911. ^[13] At a top speed of 14 knots and with no additional stops, the trip would have lasted almost 10 days, arriving at the port on 30 September 1911. We know, however, that the ship did not arrive in America until 03 October 1911, so it likely made a stop in Ireland to pick up passengers before continuing across the Atlantic. The ship entered the Port of Philadelphia on October 3, 1911. ^[13] This time there were no problems with sick travelers and the families were allowed to enter the country.

Although the family's first destination was Illinois to stay with Jake's half brother Jakob Major,^[13] their first residence was in Colorado. ^[3] As was typical for Germans from Russia, Jake was a hard worker, willing to do anything to support his family. Whatever he earned at his first jobs, however, wasn't enough to care for their growing family. Their son Alex was forced to drop out of school and start working full time to help support his family. He worked in the nearby sugar beet fields. Second eldest son, August, was the first child allowed to stay in school instead of pulling beets, and he was also the first to graduate from high school.

At some point between 1911 and 1920 the family moved to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. ^[14] In reality, however, they must have gone back and forth between Wisconsin and Colorado for a period of time since their youngest son, Paul, was born there on March 29, 1922. Furthermore, son August graduated from high school in Fort Collins in 1924. ^[15]

By 1925, however, the family was all together Fond du Lac, a town where many of their friends and family members from Grimm were living. By this time, Jake had put his carpentry skills to work at Northern Casket Company, just blocks away from the family's home on North Brooke Street. ^[3]

Jake obtained his U.S. citizenship December 4, 1937, with George Jacobs and Philip Stoll as his witnesses. ^[16] After the unexpected death of his wife Charlotte in 1939, he remarried and remained in Fond du Lac until his death from natural causes on August 5, 1963. He is buried next to his first wife, Charlotte, in Estabrooks cemetery in Fond du Lac.

1897 Grimm (Lesnoi Karamysh), Russia Census List ^[2]

Family # 37

Head of household Christian Jacob Kaiser, age 58

Wife Anna Elisabetha Kaiser, age 55

Child #1 Peter Kaiser, age 30

Wife of Child #1 Anna Kaiser, age 24

Grandchild #1 Christian Jacob Kaiser, age 4

Grandchild #2 Anna Natalia, daughter of Peter, 1 year

Child #2 Philip Kaiser, age 25

Child #3 Heinrich Kaiser, age 21

Wife of Child #3 Amalia Kaiser, age 21

Child #4 Georg Jacob Kaiser, age 19

Child #5 Konrad Kaiser, son, age 17

Hamburg Passenger Lists, 1850-1934 ^[4]

Name: Georg Heiser

Gender: männlich (Male)

Departure Age: 29

Ethnicity/Nationality: Russland (Russian)

Relationship: Vater (Father)

Occupation: Kolonist

Birth Date: abt 1877

Residence: Saratow (Saratov)

Departure Date: 2 Feb 1906

Port of Departure: Hamburg

Destination: Buenos Aires

Port of Arrival: Dover; Boulogne-sur-Mer; Coruna; Lissabon; La Plata; Buenos Aires

Ship Name: Cap Blanco

Shipping Clerk: Hamburg-Amerika Linie (Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft)

Shipping line: Hamburg-Südamerikanische Dampfschifffahrt-Gesellschaft

Ship Type: Dampfschiff, kein Auswandererschiff

Ship Flag: Deutschland

Accommodation: Zwischendeck

Volume: 373-7 I, VIII A 1 Band 175

Household Members: Name Age

Georg Heiser 29

Charlotte Heiser 24

Alexander Heiser 1

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Passenger Manifest ^[13]

Name Georg Jacob Kaiser

Event Type Immigration

Event Date 1911

Event Place Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Gender Male

Age 34

Birth Year (Estimated) 1877

Birthplace Russia

Ship Name Merion

1917 World War I Draft Registration ^[17]

Name: Jacob Kaiser

Race: White

Birth Date: 9 May 1877

Street address: 81 W Arndt

Residence Place: Fond Du Lac, Wisconsin, USA

Relative: Charlotte Kaiser

1920 United States Federal Census ^[5]

Name: Jacob Kaiser

Age: 42

Birth Year: abt 1878

Birthplace: Russia

Home in 1920: Fond du Lac Ward 14, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin

Street: W Arns Street

House Number: 81

Residence Date: 1920

Race: White

Gender: Male

Immigration Year: 1912

Relation to Head of House: Head

Marital Status: Married

Spouse's Name: Charlotte Kaiser

Father's Birthplace: Russia

Mother's Birthplace: Russia

Native Tongue: Russian

Able to Speak English: Yes

Occupation: Carpenter

Industry: R. R. Shop

Employment Field: Wage or Salary

Home Owned or Rented: Rent

Attended School: No

Able to Read: Yes

Able to Write: Yes

Neighbors: View others on page

Household Members: Name Age

Jacob Kaiser 42

Charlotte Kaiser 38

Alex Kaiser 15

August Kaiser 12

Jacob Kaiser 9

Naturalization Record ^[18]

Name Jacob Kaiser

Event Type Naturalization

Event Place Wisconsin

Event Date 1937

Birth Year 1877

Birthplace Russia

1940 United States Federal Census ^[19]

Name Jacob Kaiser

Event Type Census

Event Date 1940

Event Place Ward 6, Fond Du Lac, Fond Du Lac City, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, United States

Gender Male

Age 62

Marital Status Single [widower]

Race (Original) White

Race White

Relationship to Head of Household (Original) Head

Relationship to Head of Household Head

Birthplace Russia

Birth Year (Estimated) 1878

Last Place of Residence Same House

Jacob Kaiser Head M 62 Russia

Paul Kaiser M 18 Colorado

1950 United States Federal Census ^[20]

Name: Charlotte Kaiser

Age: 67

Birth Date: abt 1883

Gender: Female

Birth Place: Russia

Marital Status: Mar

Relation to Head of House: Wife

Residence Date: 1950

Home in 1950: Fond Du Lac, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, USA

Dwelling Number: 132

Citizenship: yes

Household Members Age Relationship

Jacob Kaiser 72

Charlotte Kaiser 67 Wife [second wife, widow Charlotte Trott Erdmann]

World War II Draft Registration ^[21]

Name: Jacob Kaiser

Gender: Male

Race: White

Residence Age: 65

Birth Date: 9 May 1877

Birth Place: Krimm, Russia

Residence Date: 1942

Residence Place: Fond Du Lac, Wisconsin, USA

Relationship to Draftee: Head

Military Draft Date: 1942

Wisconsin Death Index ^[22]

Name: Jacob Kaiser

Age: 86

Sex: M (Male)

Birth Date: abt 1877

Death Date: 5 Aug 1963

Certificate: 02433

Social Security Death Index ^[23]

Age: 86

Given Name: Jacob

Surname: Kaiser

Birth Date: 09 May 1877

State: Wisconsin

Event Date: Aug 1963

Find A Grave Burial Record ^[24]

Name Jacob G. Kaiser

Event Type Burial

Event Date 1963

Event Place Fond du Lac, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, United States of America

Photograph Included Y

Birth Date 24 Jan 1877

Death Date 05 Aug 1963

Affiliate Record Identifier 74598712

Cemetery Estabrooks Cemetery

Research Notes

The U.S. immigration record for his son, Georg Jakob, shows that his father's name is Christian Kaiser, but this name does not appear in any family records. There was only one Christian Jakob Kaiser listed in the 1857 census, born in 1839. I spoke with my mother who was Georg Jakob Kaiser's granddaughter, and she does not remember her grandfather ever being referred to as Christian Kaiser.

On that same immigration record, it says that Georg Jakob Kaiser was going to stay with his half brother in Chicago, Johann Jakob Meier. Again, I asked my mother about any relatives with the surname Meier, and she knew none. For a family that remained close to it's Volga German relatives, this seems unusual.

I looked up Meier in the 1857 census, and the name does not exist there, except as spelled Maier. There was only one family with that name in Grimm: Johannes and Gertraude Maier with son Johann Friedrich and grandson Johann Friedrich. All three males were deceased as of 1857, and mother Gertraude was beyond her child bearing years at 62.

What seems more likely, according to my mother, is that the surname of his half brother was misspelled when the immigration records were typed up using handwritten immigration documents to pull the information from. She thinks the half brother's name was either Meisner or Major. With Meisner, it's easy to see how the name could have been misconstrued. With Major, the J was sometimes pronounced like a Y (as opposed to a G), so it could have been misinterpreted whether he had poor penmanship or if someone else wrote down the answers to immigration questions for Georg Jakob.

It's also possible that even if his half brother's name was originally spelled Meisner or Major, it was entered as Meier when he himself immigrated and his brother didn't bother to correct the error.

There were several Meisner and Major families who were close to my mother's grandparents in Wisconsin and Illinois, and they may have been relatives.

Georg Jakob's son, August Kaiser, supplied the information that appears on his death certificate. There is no reason August wouldn't know his grandfather's name, which he said was Conrad Kaiser, but he may have confused the name with that of his great-grandfather, which was, in fact, Konrad.

Sources

1. ↑ Social Security Application, copy of original obtained from Social Security office, in the possession of Julie Miller Mangano, Round Rock, Texas.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1} 1897 Grimm (Lesnoi Karamysh), Russia Census List, Translated by Richard Rye, Compiled and Edited by John Groh, Contributor Henry Schmick; American Historical Society of Germans from Russia, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA; Published 2017; page 126, family #37,Christian Jacob Kaiser family.
3. ↑ ^{3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10} Alexander Kaiser, cassette tape recording for his family, description of how his family immigrated to Russia and later to the United States, circa 1972; files of Julie Miller Mangano, Round Rock, Texas, USA.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} Hamburg Passenger Lists, 1850-1934, Staatsarchiv Hamburg; Hamburg, Deutschland; Hamburger Passagierlisten; Microfilm No.: K_1793. Source Information: Staatsarchiv Hamburg. Hamburg Passenger Lists, 1850-1934 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2008. Original data: Staatsarchiv Hamburg, Bestand: 373-7 I, VIII (Auswanderungsamt I). Mikrofilmrollen K 1701 - K 2008, S 17363 - S 17383, 13116 - 13183. See: http://ancstry.me/2f0aL72.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} 1920 United States Federal Census, Year: 1920; Census Place: Fond du Lac Ward 14, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin; Roll: T625_1986; Page: 3B; Enumeration District: 43. Source Information: Ancestry.com. 1920 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. See: https://ancstry.me/2MvoyNX.
6. ↑ http://ancstry.me/2ex10cO
7. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland_Steamship_Company
8. ↑ http://www.genealogia.fi/emi/emi321ne.htm
9. ↑ http://www.genealogia.fi/emi/emi321ze.htm.
10. ↑ http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/maritime/archive/sheet/64.
11. ↑ http://www.norwayheritage.com/articles/templates/voyages.asp?articleid=28&zoneid=6.
12. ↑ ^{12.0 12.1 12.2} https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/maritime/archive/sheet/64.
13. ↑ ^{13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3} "Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Passenger Lists, 1883-1945," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV9W-YFPN : 6 June 2014), Georg Jacob Kaiser, 1911; citing Immigration, NARA microfilm publication T840 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 1,402,596.
14. ↑ 1920 United States Federal Census, Year: 1920; Census Place: Fond du Lac Ward 14, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin; Roll: T625_1986; Page: 3B; Enumeration District: 43; Image: 960, Ancestry.com, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, Provo, UT, USA, 2010. See: http://ancstry.me/2tqwafT.
15. ↑ Personal family knowledge and documents from August's brother Alex Kaiser, father of Ruth Virginia Kaiser and grandfather of Julie Miller prior to his death in 1978.
16. ↑ "Illinois, Northern District Naturalization Index, 1840-1950," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XKGW-XFM : 12 December 2014), Jacob Kaiser, 1937; citing Wisconsin, NARA microfilm publication M1285 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 94; FHL microfilm 1,432,094.
17. ↑ United States, Selective Service System. World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. M1509, 4,582 rolls. Jacob Kaiser, born 09 May 1877. Registration State: Wisconsin; Registration County: Fond Du Lac; Roll: 1674637; Draft Board: 1. Ancestry.com. U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. See: https://ancstry.me/3fMaq2c.
18. ↑ "Illinois, Northern District Naturalization Index, 1840-1950," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XKGW-XFM : 12 December 2014), Jacob Kaiser, 1937; citing Wisconsin, NARA microfilm publication M1285 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 94; FHL microfilm 1,432,094.
19. ↑ "United States Census, 1940," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K7VG-TKQ : accessed 5 May 2017), Jacob Kaiser, Ward 6, Fond Du Lac, Fond Du Lac City, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 20-18, sheet 8B, line 60, family 121, Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940, NARA digital publication T627. Records of the Bureau of the Census, 1790 - 2007, RG 29. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2012, roll 4479.
20. ↑ United States of America, Bureau of the Census; Washington, D.C.; Seventeenth Census of the United States, 1950; Record Group: Records of the Bureau of the Census, 1790-2007; Record Group Number: 29; Residence Date: 1950; Home in 1950: Fond Du Lac, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin; Roll: 891; Sheet Number: 16; Enumeration District: 20-28, Charlotte Kaiser, age 67, born in Russia. Ancestry.com. 1950 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2022. See: https://tinyurl.com/yy36d93r.
21. ↑ The National Archives at St. Louis; St. Louis, Missouri; World War II Draft Cards (Fourth Registration) for the State of Wisconsin; Record Group Title: Records of the Selective Service System; Record Group Number: 147; Series Number: M2126; Box or Roll Number: 147. Jacob Kaiser, born 09 May 1877 in Grimm, Russia. Ancestry.com. U.S., World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. See: https://ancstry.me/2WS3oAl.
22. ↑ Wisconsin Vital Records Office. Wisconsin Death Index, 1959-67, 1969-97. Madison, Wisconsin, USA: Wisconsin Department of Health. Jacob Kaiser, age 86, born 1877, died 05 August 1963. Ancestry.com. Wisconsin, Death Index, 1959-1997 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007. See: https://ancstry.me/2TgvgNV.
23. ↑ "United States Social Security Death Index," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JLQV-22G : 20 May 2014), Jacob Kaiser, Aug 1963; citing U.S. Social Security Administration, Death Master File, database (Alexandria, Virginia: National Technical Information Service, ongoing).
24. ↑ Find a Grave, database and images (accessed 12 May 2020), memorial page for Jacob G. Kaiser (9 May 1877–5 Aug 1963), Find A Grave: Memorial #74598712, citing Estabrooks Cemetery, Fond du Lac, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, USA ; Maintained by Jackie Edkins (contributor 47405045),

See also:

• Stump, Karl, The Emigration from Germany to Russia in the Years 1763 to 1862 (Lincoln, Nebraska: American Historical Society of Germans from Russia, Third Printing 1993).

• Mai, Brent Alan, 1798 Census of the German Colonies along the Volga, Economy, Population, and Agriculture, Volumes 1 & 2 (Lincoln, Nebraska: American Historical Society of Germans from Russia, Second Printing 2005).

• Beratz, Gottlieb, The German Colonies on the Lower Volga, Their Origin and Early Development (Lincoln, Nebraska: American Historical Society of Germans from Russia, Translation Copyright and Printing 1991; Originally published as Die deutschen Kolonien an de unteren Wolga in ihrer Entstehung und ersten Entwickelung in Saratov, Russia in 1915 and reprinted in Berlin Germany in 1923).

• Kloberdanz, Timothy L., The Volga Germans in Old Russia and in Western North America: Their Changing World View (Lincoln, Nebraska: American Historical Society of Germans from Russia Second Printing 1997; First Printing Anthropological Quarterly, October 1975, Volume 48, Number 4).

• https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Germans_from_Russia

• http://foto-history.livejournal.com/3404206.html

• http://forum.wolgadeutsche.net/viewtopic.php?f=105&t=289

• http://forum.wolgadeutsche.net/viewtopic.php?f=105&t=298

• http://wolgadeutsche.net/list/grimm_kolonie.htm

• http://www.atlantictransportline.us/content/69Merion.htm

• http://recursed.blogspot.com/2013/06/a-hundred-years-ago-today-part-iii.html

• http://www.gjenvick.com

• http://www.sea-distances.org/

• http://www.rollintl.com/roll/volga.htm

• Major, August, vital information and personal stories from the Kazakhstan territory, Russia and Berlin, Germany.

• Brester, Alexander, vital information, photos, and other information from German families living in Beryozovka, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.

• Miller, Ruth Kaiser, vital information and personal stories about her parents and grandparents and their lives in Russia.

• U.S., World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942, National Archives and records Administration (NARA); Washington, D.C.; World War II Draft Cards (Fourth Registration) for the State of Wisconsin; State Headquarters: Wisconsin; Record Group Name: Records of the Selective Service System, 1940-; Record Group, by Ancestry.com, Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., Provo, UT, USA, 2010.

• Death Certificate for George Jacob Kaiser in the files of Julie Miller Mangano, Round Rock, Texas.