James was born on 10 Feb 1833 in Sprowston, Norfolk and christened on 7 Apr 1833 at the local St Mary and St Margaret church. He was the son of John Kay, a weaver and Keziah (Chilvers) Kay.
In 1841 James, 8, is living with his parents John and Keziah at The Six Cottage Row, Sprowston, Norfolk, England. Also in the household are his siblings, John,15, Ann,13, Arthur,12, Henry,3, and Robert,1.
In 1851 James, 18, is working as a Cotton Carder. He is living with his father and step-mother at Club Houses, Turton, Bolton, Lancashire, England. Also in residence is Henry, 14, Piecer Of Cotton Spinner; Robert, 11, Piecer Of Cotton Spinner; Martha, 2; Fanny. Also in residence are his step-siblings: Sarah Gooden, 19, Piercer For Cotton Spinner; Margaret Gooden, 10. They also have Giles Moore, 21, Power Loom Weaver, lodging with the family.
There is a James, 27, living at 8 Longwooth Court, Sharples, Lancashire in 1861. His wife, Elizabeth, is 21, Casser of Thread. He is working as a Card Room Hand in a Cotton Mill.
In 1871 he is still living in Sharples on 12 Long Row and he is working as a Carder. His wife, Margaret, is 28. Children in the household include: Sarah A Kay, 9; Arthur J Kay, 5; Alice Kay, 1.
In 1881 the family has moved and living in Little Bolton Higher End, Lancashire, England on 9 Brindley Street. James, 48, is working as a Cotton Carder. Children in the household include: Sarah A. Kay, 19; Arthur I Kay, 15; Alice Kay, 11; James Kay, 9; Herbert Kay, 7; Edward Kay, 5; Kezia Kay, 2; Margaret Kay, infant.
By 1891 the family has moved back to Sharples and are living on 40 West street. James, 58, is a Retire Cotton Carder. Children living in residence include: Sarah A Kay, 29; Arthur J Kay, 25; Alice Kay, 21; James Kay, 19; Herbert Kay, 17; Edward Kay, 15; Kezia Kay, 12; Margaret Kay, 10.
"KAY James of 40 West-street Sharples near Bolton Lancashire carder in a cotton mill died 22 October 1894 Probate Manchester 26 November to James Kay cotton operative Effects £402 5s."[1]
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