Aethelberg Tate (Kent) Northumbria (590 - 633)

Born 0590 in Kingdom of Kent

Ancestors

Died 0633 at about age 43 in Kingdom of Kent

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Biography

Name

Aethelberg Tate of Kent

590 Birth

Aethelberg was born about 590 and died after 633.^[1]

Aethelberg Tate of Kent was born around 590^{[2] [1]}

Parents

She was one of two children of King Æthelberht & his first wife. ^[2]

Aethelberg Tate of Kent was the daughter of Aethelberht, King of Kent and his first wife Bertha of the Franks. ^[1]

619 Marriage

She married in the period 619 to 623, as his second wife, Edwin or Eadwine, King of Northumbria, son of Aelle, King of Deira [Northumbria] & his wife^[2][3]

Bede records that "rege…Aeduino" married "Aedilbergae filia Aedilberti regis…Tatae vocabatur" and that she was taken to Northumbria by Paulinus after he was ordained bishop by Archbishop Justus "XII Kal Aug" in 625. This date is inconsistent with the correspondence of Pope Boniface V, who was Pope from 619 to 625, in particular the letter to Queen Æthelberg, quoted by Bede.

Bede records that "rege…Aeduino" was converted to Christianity by "Paulino", which was written after the Pope learned of her brother's conversion and admonishing her husband for his continued non-conversion. Cawley therefore notes that the date range of 619 to 623 for the marriage seems a safer hypothesis. ^[2]

633 Death of Husband

Cawley reports that Eadwine, son of Aelle, King of the Northumbrians & his wife, who was born about 585, was killed in thebattle Hatfield Chase, near Doncaster on 14 Oct 633, and was buried in Whitby Abbey.

William of Malmesbury names "Edwin the son of Alla", commenting that he was "a youth of no mean worth".

Bede records that "regis Aeduini" had been forced into exile with "Redualdum regem Anglorum" before he became king, where he was persecuted by "Aedilfrido", his predecessor in Northumbria, who tried to arrange his assassination[788].

He was forced into exile by his brother-in-law Æthelfrith King of Northumbria in Bernicia, living first in north Wales and later at the court of Rædwald King of the East Angles[789].

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that "Æthelfrith king of Northumbria" was killed by "Rædwald king of East Anglia" and that "Edwin son of Ælle" succeeded to the kingdom, adding that he "conquered all Britain except Kent alone, and drove out the princes, the sons of Æthelfrith"[790].

He succeeded in 617 as EADWINE King of Northumbria. Bede names "Aeduini rex Nordanhymbrorum gentis" as fifth of the kings who had authority over the southern provinces, south of the river Humber, adding that he ruled over all peoples except "Cantuariis" and conquered "Meuanias Brettonum insulas…inter Hiberniam et Brittaniam"[791].

627 Baptism of Husband

Bede records that "rege…Aeduino" was converted to Christianity by "Paulino". Bede records that, after promising his Christian second wife to respect her religion, King Eadwine prevaricated about his own baptism although Paulinus was ordained Bishop of York 21 Jul 625. Following admonitory letters from Pope Boniface V, Eadwine was finally baptised at York 12 Apr 627.

626 Attempted Assassination of Husband

Bede records that "rege Occidentalium Saxonum…Cuichelmo" sent "sicarius…Eumer" to assassinate King Eadwine "primo die paschae iuxta amnem Deruuentionem". This event is dated to 626 in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.

King Eadwine conquered the Isle of Man. He also conquered Anglesey and besieged Cadwallon King of Gwynedd in Priestholm off the eastern point of the island[796].

Bede records that "Caedualla rex Brettonum", helped by "Penda…de region genere Merciorum", rebelled against "Aeduini" who was killed in battle "IV Id Oct" in 633 at "Haethfelth", aged 48, adding that the rebels continued to govern the country with varying success for 22 years[797]. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that "Edwin" was killed in 633, manuscript E adding that he was killed "by Cadawallon and Penda at Hatfield Chase on 14 Oct"[798]. The calendar of Echternach includes "III Id Oct Aeduini regis"[799].

Bede records that the head of King Eadwine was brought to York and was taken to "ecclesiam beati apostolic Petri", a church whose construction the king had started but which was completed by his successor "Osuald"[800].

Bede records that "rex Osuiu…filiam suam Aelffledam…pater eius Osuiu et mater eius Aeanfled et pater matris eius Aeduini" were buried "in ecclesia sancti apostolic Petri" [later Whitby Abbey][801].

After his death, Northumbria reverted into its constituent parts of Deira and Bernicia. Bede and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle both record that Paulinus fled to Kent where he was made Bishop of Rochester[802], triggering a major decline in the fledging church in Northumbria. ^[1]

Husband's First Wife

m firstly (before [616]) CWENBURH of Mercia, daughter of CEARL King of Mercia & his wife --- (-before [619/23]). Bede names "Quoenburga filia Cearli regis Merciorum" as mother of King Eadwine’s sons "Osfrid et Eadfrid" when recording their baptism with their father, adding that they had both been born during their father’s exile before his accession[803]. Eadwine’s marriage must presumably therefore be dated to before 616, which if correct indicates that the marriage took place before the accession of Cwenburh's father in Mercia. ^[1]

From Kent to Northumbria

Bede records that "rege…Aeduino" married "Aedilbergae filia Aedilberti regis…Tatae vocabatur" and that she was taken to Northumbria by Paulinus after he was ordained bishop by Archbishop Justus "XII Kal Aug" in 625[804]. This date is inconsistent with the correspondence of Pope Boniface V, who was Pope from 619 to 625, in particular the letter to Queen Æthelberg, quoted by Bede[805]. Bede records that "rege…Aeduino" was converted to Christianity by "Paulino"[806], which was written after the Pope learned of her brother's conversion and admonishing her husband for his continued non-conversion. The date range [619/23] for the marriage seems a safer hypothesis. ^[1]

633 Death of Husband

Her husband Edwin, born about 585, was killed in the battle Hatfield Chase, near Doncaster 12 Oct 633 or 634, bur Whitby Abbey). ^[2]

To Kent after Death of Husband

Bede records that, after her husband was killed, Paulinus took "regina Aedilberge" to Kent by sea where they were received with honour by "Honorio archiepiscopo et rege Eadbaldo"[286]. ^[2] The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the same event in 633[808]. ^[1]

She died after 633. ^[2]

Issue

Edwin and his first wife had two children. ^[4]

1. OSFRITH ([before 616]-killed in battle Hatfield Chase, near Doncaster 14 Oct 633). Bede names "Quoenburga filia Cearli regis Merciorum" as mother of King Eadwine’s sons "Osfrid et Eadfrid" when recording their baptism with their father, adding that they had both been born during their father’s exile before his accession[809]. Bede records that "unus filius eius Osfrid" was killed in battle "IV Id Oct" in 633 at "Haethfelth" with his father[810]. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle names Osfrith as son of King Eadwine when recording that he was killed in battle with his father 14 Oct 633[811]. m ---. The name of Osfrith's wife is not known. Osfrith & his wife had one child: ^[4]
   1. YFFI ([627/32]-in France after 633, bur in France). Bede records that "Yffi filius Osfridi" was baptised[812]. Bede records that, after their father was killed, "duce Basso milite regis Æduini" took "Eanfledam filiam et Uuscfrean filium Æduini, necnon et Yffi filium Osfridi filius eius" to Kent, from where their mother, fearing "Eadbaldi et Osualdi regum", sent them "in Galliam" to her friend "regi Daegberecto" but that both children died and were buried there[813]. ^[4]
2. EADFRITH ([before 616]-murdered [in Mercia] [635/41]). Bede names "Quoenburga filia Cearli regis Merciorum" as mother of King Eadwine’s sons "Osfrid et Eadfrid" when recording their baptism with their father, adding that they had both been born during their father’s exile before his accession[814]. Bede records that "filius eius…alter Eadfrid" fled to "Penda…de region genere Merciorum" after the battle in which his father and brother were killed, but was killed there during the reign of "Osualdo"[815]. ^[4]

Aethelbert and Edwin had four children. ^[4]

1. EANFLÆD (Easter Sunday 626-after 680, bur Whitby Abbey). Bede records the birth of "filiam regi…Æanfled" on "nocte sacrosancta dominici paschae", the same day as the assassination attempt on her father, adding that she was baptised "die sancto pentecostes prima de gente Nordanhymbrorum" with eleven other family members[816]. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the baptism of "Eanfled, daughter of king Edwin" on "the holy eve of Whit Sunday" in 626, adding (in manuscript E) that King Eadwine "promised … to give his daughter to God" if he defeated Cwichelm King of Wessex in revenge for this attempt on his life[817]. Bede records that, after their father was killed, "duce Basso milite regis Æduini" took "Eanfledam filiam et Uuscfrean filium Æduini, necnon et Yffi filium Osfridi filius eius" to Kent, from where their mother, fearing "Eadbaldi et Osualdi regum", sent them "in Galliam" to her friend "regi Daegberecto" but that both children died and were buried there[818]. The Historia Brittonum of Nennius records that "Oswy had two wives, Riemmelth, the daughter of Royth, son of Rum, and Eanfled, the daughter of Edwin, son of Alla"[819]. Bede records that "filiam…Æduini regis Eanfledam", who had been taken to Kent after her father was killed, was brought back by "presbyter…Utta" to marry "regi Osuio"[820]. The Vita Wilfridi names "reginam regis Oswiu nomine Eanfled"[821]. She succeeded Hilda as second abbess of Whitby 680. Bede records that "rex Osuiu…filiam suam Aelffledam…pater eius Osuiu et mater eius Aeanfled et pater matris eius Aeduini" were buried "in ecclesia sancti apostolic Petri" [later Whitby Abbey][822]. m (before 645[823]) as his second wife, OSWIU King of Northumbria, son of ÆTHELFRITH King of Bernicia [Northumbria] & his wife Ucha of Deira [Northumbria] ([610/11] -15 Feb 670, bur Whitby Abbey).
2. ÆTHELHUN ([627/29]-young, bur York). Bede records that "alii liberi eius [Eadwine] de Aedilberga regina…Aedilhun et Aedilthryd filia et alter filius Uuscfrea" were baptised, but that the first two died as infants and were buried "Eburaci in ecclesia"[824]. ^[4]
3. ÆTHELDRITH ([628/31]-young, bur York). Bede records that "alii liberi eius [Eadwine] de Aedilberga regina…Aedilhun et Aedilthryd filia et alter filius Uuscfrea" were baptised, but that the first two died as infants and were buried "Eburaci in ecclesia"[825]. ^[4]
4. WUSCFREA ([632/33]-in France after 633, bur France). Bede records that "alii liberi eius [Eadwine] de Aedilberga regina…Aedilhun et Aedilthryd filia et alter filius Uuscfrea" were baptised[826]. Bede records that, after their father was killed, "duce Basso milite regis Æduini" took "Eanfledam filiam et Uuscfrean filium Æduini, necnon et Yffi filium Osfridi filius eius" to Kent, from where their mother, fearing "Eadbaldi et Osualdi regum", sent them "in Galliam" to her friend "regi Daegberecto" but that both children died and were buried there[827]. ^[4]

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6} Charles Cawley. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands Database. Footnote 803 Accessed April 9, 2018 jhd
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6} Charles Cawley. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands Database. Aethelberg Accessed April 9, 2018 jhd
3. ↑ Charles Cawley. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands Database. Footnote 815 Accessed April 9, 2018 jhd
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7} Charles Cawley. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medieval Lands Database.