Mark S. Miller (1829 - 1864)

Born 1829 in Georgia

Husband of Jane (Brazil) Miller — married 3 Mar 1850 in Saline, Arkansas

Husband of Mariah (Janes) Hunt — married 22 Nov 1860 in Saline County, Arkansas

Died 27 Jan 1864 at about age 35 in Camden, Ouachita, Arkansas

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Biography

"The Life of Mrs Mark S Miller "Mark S Miller was born about 1829 in Georgia, the son of Francis and Sarah Miller. The family emigrated to Arkansas about 1846 and settled at Benton in Saline County. On March 3, 1850, Miller married Jane Brazil, the daughter of Saline County pioneers. They became the parents of three daughters. In 1858 Miller was elected Sheriff of Saline County, a position he held until the Civil War. "His wife having died, he married Mariah E James (sic), age 22, the daughter of Carey James (sic) another Saline County pioneer on November 22, 1860. One daughter was born to them. In June 1861 Miller organized a company of state forces at Benton and was elected colonel. He died at Camden, Arkansas on January 27, 1864. "The following is an account of these last years of his life written by his wife: [signed] "Miss Lenora Payne, 1885, Grandview, Hot Springs, Arkansas "I was a native of Arkansas and at the time the war broke out, resided in Benton, the county seat of Saline County, about twenty-five miles south of Little Rock, on what was then called the Old Military Road. "This quiet little village had been growing and basking in the outgrowth of its prosperity for several years, when, its tranquility was disturbed by the outbreak of the Civil War. At that time I resided in a cozy little cottage situated on the Main street of our village. It was surrounded by a nice grove of fine old trees, and on the whole, seemed just the place for the bird's nest of a home as mine was. My maiden name was Mattie E James (sic), and in 1860, just the time of the election, and when the war fever began to rage, both in the North and South, I was united in the holy bonds of matrimony to Mark S Miller, who was at that time sheriff of Saline County, afterward Colonel of the Eleventh Ark Regiment. He was a widower with three little girls. The excitement waxed warmer and warmer until in April the first company of soldiers left our village to go to the field; then and there did our sufferings commence, to last until the bloody strife was ended; nor did they end then, even after the war was over, we suffered from the effects of it for months and months. The last of May there was a call made for another company, and in this my husband's partner, one of the many who swore to free our land or die fighting. In June 1861 an order was given for more troops. Of this Company my husband was elected Colonel, but, however, the troops did not take their departure until the 22nd day of July, just nine months from the day I was married. Amid the wails of sisters and children, and in the heart rending cries of mothers and wives, and under the gleaming rays of a midday sun, they marched away to the beat of their drums; and as the last cadence of the tramp of feet died away, it seemed to me that death itself would have been preferable to giving up the dear ones whom we were severed on that cruel day. It seemed to me as if the drum was beating my heart strings; for it appeared to partake of all the surrounding misery of the village. Under the intense heat of the sun, and the extreme grief with which they were oppressed, many were the poor frail wives, mothers, sisters and daughters that were prostrated on the ground, seemingly dead. Thus were many mothers left helpless, with their little children to support. I did not realize what was in store for me; it was even beyond the limits of the imagination. Nothing of importance occurred until the fourteenth of November when our home was made happy by the appearance of a bright and beautiful daughter. I was extremely ill and wrote for my husband to come to see me, as everyone supposed for the last time, but, it was impossible; he could not get a leave of absence and therefore could not come. When the babe was three weeks old, my cook, a negro woman sickened and died; thus reducing my number of household servants to four, the most important of which was my nurse, a girl at that time about fourteen years old. From the worry and excitement of all that had transpired, I had a relapse, and was confined to my room and bed for six weeks, and as help was not to be had, one can only imagine what a time it was. I again wrote to my husband, upon which he demanded a leave of absence, and succeeded in getting it; he returned home. Never my cottage more joyful than when he arrived home. The very walls were made to sing by the merry peals of laughter from the children as they went from room to room singing; 'Papa has come home'. "On the 10th of January '62, he returned to his regiment which was then stationed at Island No 10, on the Mississippi River. On the 8th of March he was captured by, as we called them the Yankee Soldiers and there I received the news of his death. I was now a widow with my babe and his children to support with no one to look to for aid; left helpless in this cruel world to gain a subsistence for my family. I thought I had trouble before, but they had not even commenced before, but now they broke upon me in such a deluge, it seems more than I could bear (sic). The grief was so great that it considerably impaired my health, and my friends prevailed upon me to do something to make a living, then and not till then, did I realize what the war was. My supplies were almost exhausted, and no money with which to replenish them, but Confederate bonds, in July 1862 I resolved to take boarders and succeeded very well; but still did not realize that there were no clothes nor money to buy them with; cold weather was forth coming and I had to go to work and make cloth, as well as to provide food. Medicine could hardly be bought at any price, just imagine paying $12.00 an ounce for quinine and morphine and $5.00 for coffee by the pound. I continued keeping boarders until Sept. and my health was so improved that I bought two horses and a wagon and rented 10 acres of land, three miles from town and commenced farming. I had it sown in wheat, and with the assistance of two Negro boys, my farm proved quite a success. The first of October I received a telegram stating that my husband was on his way home. Words cannot express my overwhelming joy I experienced on the receipt of such news. Just to think of seeing him whom I had long mourned as dead. It seemed almost too strange to be true; almost like the dead coming to life again, and on the 8th of October he arrived home. It seemed still more like the dead coming to life, for he had been quite ill and looked like a walking skeleton. He was very sick on account of which he resigned his office, and remained at home until February 1863. The excitement grew more intense and he was ordered out again with another company. The last of March he left me again to be mother, father, protector and all for my children. On leaving me he encouraged my farming and I still continued it, by going back and forth twice a week to give the Negroes the necessary instructions concerning the crops. In February I commenced making cloth and from the first of the month until the first of September I made 150 yards of cloth and had it made up into wearing apparel, which at that time was very valuable. In June my husband was ordered to the north part of the State; and again I received word that he was dead, this however was soon corrected. The woods were now infested with "bushwhackers" and no one was safe at any time. [Note: Bushwhackers were groups of men composed of outlaws, renegades, and deserters that were guerrilla fighters on the Confederate side in the Civil War. Their counterparts, called jayhawkers, were equally disreputable guerrilla fighters on the Union side during the Civil War]. On the 4th of July, 1863 a battle was fought at Helena; we heard the cannons like peals of thunder in the distance and every one seemed to cleave my heart in twain, for I did not know which one would fell my husband to the ground. The enemy continued to press onward, and in September a rumor was sent abroad, that Little Rock would either fight for its freedom or fall into the hands of the enemy. About the 10th my husband sent me word to come to him immediately; on receiving the news I mounted my horse (a very fine pacer which had been a present from him in the summer) and started from home, at sunrise the next morning accompanied by a Negro boy. At half past eleven o'clock, the same day I arrived at Little Rock, a distance of 25 miles. I met my husband and was with him until 3 o'clock; and the conversation of this interval, was like that of a dying man to his wife; advising and instructing me concerning my future way of gaining support for myself and children. At 3 o'clock p.m. I started for my house again, and felt as though I was going from the grave of him who was so dear to me for we all knew that if a battle was fought, very many would be killed. I arrived home at sunset; thus making a trip of fifty miles in a day. A series of skirmishes ensued, lasting for three or four days, and at length the Northern Army being too strong for the Southern the latter was forced to retreat. The 12th of September the retreating army passed through our village, and from early morning till about dark my husbands three little girls stood at the well all day, giving the poor thirsty soldiers water, until the well was entirely dry. My husband and all the Confederate Officers spent the day at my house, and about dark a courier came, in great haste, to inform them that the Yankees were coming, then they had to flee to the army for protection. They carried with them every man in the village save four old gray haired men who were not able to walk without assistance of their cane. Not a man in town! So the women and children were left to the mercy of the Northern men. I was so distressed when my husband left me that I entreated him to take me with him, but he said it was too late. He called his mother and sisters to come and stay with me. He left about eight o'clock that night and Heaven only knows I would sooner have died at that moment, than see him leave me this time; for our lives were not safe for an hour that we knew of. His mother and sisters came and stayed with me. I felt as though God had forsaken me. We were afraid to go to sleep or have a light for fear of attracting the attention of passers-by. We barred the windows and doors and pulled down the curtains to hide the light. We tried to talk, but failed, for every heart was too full of its own trouble to utter one word; we could not read so we betook ourselves to prayer; but never my tongue refused to move as it did that dreadful night. God forbid that I ever have to pass another such as that was. The minutes seemed like hours, we were in communion with death as it were, for the dim taper threw the faint light of whitish rays, a very short distance; everything presented nothing but desperation in the whole room. Mother said "hark" what was that? and as we listened, the heavy tramp of feet and the clash of arms broke the silence of the night; then that awful word "halt" rang out clear and loud in the still midnight air. It seemed as if that word, which was uttered right in front of my house, froze the very blood in my veins. My house was surrounded; the next thing we heard was a loud rap at the door and repeated orders given to "open the door, or it would be burst in". I asked my mother and sister to go, but it was useless for they both sank back in a dead faint. Oh! the struggle of that moment while contending with myself whether I would open the door or not, but finally asking the protection of God, I went and opened the door; expecting every moment to be shot on the spot. The second I opened the door, the Federal soldiers rushed up and commanded the soldiers within. I told them there were no soldiers in my house, and to come and search if they were the least bit in doubt, they did not come in, however, any further than the door. They asked me a great many questions, concerning the Southern army. Not knowing of course, I did not answer. We set up all night and just as the gray dawn was breaking in the East, we all lay down for a short nap. Three days were spent in that anxious uneasy way. On the fourth morning at the breakfast table, we were speaking of the war, and the children of their papa, when lo! the door opened and who walked in but that personage himself. He sat down and ate breakfast with us and said he would be at home for dinner. After the morning meal was finished he went down to his store on business, and I like all other good house wives do, busied myself with getting a nice dinner, with several dainties, among which were fried chicken and garden vegetables. I had my table in readiness for dinner, when about 11 o'clock, my second little girl came running in from the back door screaming "oh! mama, mama, I see a man riding so fast". She had not finished this sentence when the oldest daughter came in, almost breathless saying, "Oh! mama, I see so many men coming with blue coats on". In less time than it takes to write it, the bullets were flying thick and fast past my door; with all the noise of battle which was made more hideous, by the cries of my children saying; "Oh my papa don't kill my papa. Don't kill my papa!" One of the officers ordered me to shut my doors and blinds; but this I refused to obey for I was fully resolved to see the last of him; if this was to be the last, however it was not; he made good his escape. He mounted his horse in haste and while riding down a hill in the furthest end of town his hat fell off; being a very deliberate man he dismounted and got his hat, and rode on. The Federals followed him and his little squad of men two miles, until they reached the river, where he stopped and watered his horse. The soldiers came to the bank of the river and seeing that there were only seven men, they turned round and came back to our village, and pitched their tents to all part of my house. They pulled the pickets off my fence to build fires; killed my chickens; went into my garden and stripped it of vegetables and no less than twenty-four hours I did not have a vegetable out of the whole garden, nor a chicken out of a hundred except one old hen and two little chickens, which stayed under my kitchen. I fed them through cracks in the floor for three months. She remained under there until all the soldiers had left, then she came out and looked around as if she felt quite out of her sphere. They killed my hogs and dressed them right before my eyes, and then asked me if I would not like a piece of fresh pork, but this kind offer I declined; last but not least, they carried their ridicule so far as to plant the Federal flag over my house, and I a Confederate Colonel's wife. While raising their flag pole, about three o'clock, two of the most brutal looking fellows I ever saw walked in and demanded their dinners. They had their guns on their shoulders, pistols and knives in their belts, and swords dangling at their sides, in sooth they looked just like the guerrillas of the present day; the sight fairly made my hair stand on end, but I gave them their dinners, and after they asked how much their bill was I replied I do not know just give me whatever you are willing to pay. They each threw down a greenback and a 35 cent piece, the first I had ever seen, they were then called shinplasters. This aroused my temper to such a pitch that it was rather difficult to descend. Just as they were leaving, two more, equally as rough came in and asked if they could get their dinners. I told them "yes" so they sat down and commenced eating and talking making all kinds of cutting insinuations, like; "This is a pretty fair dinner", "Some of the women in Dixie know how to cook" etc. When they had finished and asked me how much it was, I replied 50 cents a piece, sirs, "Golly (they said) she knows to charge", but they paid it and went away seemingly satisfied with all but the price. They took possession of my barn, turned my cow out, and used everything just as they liked. I bore it patiently as long as possible and then, following out the advice of my husband, I went to see the commanding officer, and telling that I was a Mason's wife, I asked his protection, and he asked me if I wanted guards? I replied that I did, it was not until then that I found it was a help to be a Mason's wife; when the guards came they looked like savages, indeed. I gave them seats scarcely knowing what to do or say; pretty soon one of my little girls came in and they said "Sissy what is your name?". The poor child was frightened so badly she could not speak, for she had a mortal dread of the blue coats, and thought if she said a word they would shoot her, but after awhile she said; "I doesn't tell to'se I am afraid". They sat in silence a few moments, and then asked if they could go to their camps and their supper and feed their horses. It must have taken quite awhile to do this, for in the whole stay of three months that the troops made their stay there I never saw my guards any more, but I was not bothered by the soldiers any more; for they had already taken everything there was outside of my house. Things passed on most the same for about a week, when there arose quite an excitement in the camps of the soldiers; we did not know the cause of this unusual uproar, but afterward learned that they were expecting an attack from the Confederates. One evening we were sitting around our firesides when all at once we heard the heavy feet without, and on looking out to see from this unusual occurrence proceeded, we found it to be reinforcement of several thousand men, thus the blue coats became more numerous than ever. The officers were going to take my residence for a hospital when an unknown friend stepped out from an oak tree, and said, take your sick down to the other end of town to the Church, which is now used for a hospital, and if you desire better quarters for your men, take them to the hotel, no sick shall be taken in that house. It is a private residence. His kindness was gratefully received, but I was at a loss to know who it was; the next day however he came to my house and made himself known, that proved to be a cousin that had been in the place ever since the first soldiers had made their arrival. They commenced foraging and taking everything in their reach for miles and miles around, and I could see all the fruits of my farm labors melt like snow in the sun; starvation seemed to be staring me in the face. I had raised about fifteen bushels of corn, which they confiscated for their own use. I went to the officer in command, Col. Ritter, commander of the last troops that had arrived, but was now commander-chief of all the troops, and entreated him "for mercy sake" to let me have two loads of corn; he was very kind and granted my request, and had two very large wagon loads of corn hauled and thrown into one of my bedrooms. When the troops first arrived I had about fifty bushels of corn and five hundred bales of fodder in my barn to feed my stock on, through the winter; they used all of this for their own purposes. I went to the Col. and asked him to pay me something for what the men had used, he gave me an order for thirty dollars, payable at the headquarters of the troops at Little Rock. Now I had the order for the money, but it was useless until it was cashed in Little Rock. I had no horse, nor any other way of getting there, so I again went to the Col. for aid and asked him for some means of conveyance saying, "Col. you will have to lend me an ambulance and horses to go to Little Rock in". He laughingly replied; "why the bushwhackers would get you, you would never get there alive." "If they do you will be the biggest loser" I replied. But I got the conveyance and again found it good to be a mason's wife. I started very early in the morning with the finest team the troops could sport, and a good driver. I arrived in Little Rock in about five hours, went and drew my money spent the night with my aunt, who was very much surprised to see me, did my trading and next morning just as soon as I could possibly get a permit to pass the picket lines I started for home, and reached there about four o'clock in the afternoon, having accomplished everything I went to do. Things went on very smooth until about the last of Oct. with the exceptions of several midnight calls "to arms", for the soldiers were expecting to be attacked at any time. My provisions were again decreasing and I did not know what to do; so I resolved to do what my husband had advised me to do, take some of the officers to board, but the greatest obstacle to overcome was to get them. So one evening a sick man came and wanted to know if he could get board for a little while. He proved to be Capt. Cherry of Missouri regiment. He stayed two weeks, and recovered his health entirely then left, he recommended so highly that in a few days I had from 12 to 15 boarders, of the best class, and from that time henceforward, I had boarders and had no more trouble about provisions. About the first of Nov. there was another reinforcement of infantry arrived with Col. Caldwell in command. He succeeded Col. Ritter who left our village. They then commenced to build forts and winter quarters; they had forts in each end of town, which still remains there as reminiscences of the war. Col. Caldwell was now joined to my number of boarders. When they would go out on a scouting expedition he would say, "we will bring Col. Miller in with us, and you can put him in a cage, and keep in the house like a bird". "Oh we will make the Rebs nip the dust", meaning he would kill them; I was always tormented in this manner; but bore it as patiently as possible. They went on these expeditions about once a week, but were never fortunate enough to bring in any of our soldiers. Then the deserters commenced to join the northern army, and were sworn and enlisted in their number. They would come in, and to use the expression, "from where they had lain on the hills until the moss had grown on they backs", thus they deserved the name of "hairy backs". After they were sworn and enlisted they would go to the clothing store and get their blue uniforms; then strut up the street as exalted in their own estimation as Gen. Grant. There would be from 20 to 50 join every day, and every once in awhile one would report that the Confederates were going to attack them and there would be an uproar for a few days. At length there were eleven hundred gray backs in the federal army. About the last of Nov. Col. Caldwell's wife and little daughter came and stopped at my house. I found her to be very pleasant. In a few days after her arrival they expected an attack from the Confederates; upon which they blew "boots and saddles", and in less than 15 minutes, all the men were mounted and in line of battle right in front of my house. The excitement still prevailed, they sent out scouts every day and on their return, they would bring hundreds of people with them who were afraid to stay at their homes and had come there for protection. The hillsides were covered with people who had not so much as a tent or a change of clothes in their possession. The distress and suffering were indescribable. I had as many as three families in my kitchen at one time. About the 10th of Dec. one of the sentinels that were stationed on the East side of town, came running into the camps saying, "the Rebs are coming, they have shot me in the hand", but upon examination he was supposed to have shot himself, when giving the alarm. On the 16th or 17th I received a notice to vacate my South Street room in an hour; as I only had seven at first and had given up 4 already it was utterly impossible to give up another. I went to the Col. and asked him to reconsider, upon which he told me if I would take 4 more boarders he would rescind the order; I told him I would; so the boarders came and one of them proved to be a preacher. The first meal after my boarders came was dinner and the preacher asked if I said my grace aloud or in silence. I told him I never had any at all. He went on eating after that, as far as we knew without saying any grace at all. On the evening of the 20th there was a terrible excitement and they commenced moving out in the direction of Little Rock; the infantry all left the cavalry and claimed that the latter was going to remain. About midnight the cavalry set fire to all their ammunition, for fear the Confederate soldiers would reap some benefit from it. The roar of the cannon balls and the explosions of the cartridges one after the other fairly made the earth shake. By three o'clock in the morning all the soldiers had dispersed save a few stragglers who remained bent on mischief. They tried to set the town on fire in places. I woke my little children up, dressed them and put one at each corner of my house and stood at the other corner myself, to prevent them from setting it on fire; it was attempted twice between 3 o'clock and daylight. We stood guard until it became light, then all the vagabonds had mysteriously disappeared. After they all went away, the women and children of the town went to their camps, and found everything but money, kraut, meat, crackers, coffee, sugar and all kinds of cooking utensils and dishes. These things were highly appreciated by everyone. It was a regular Christmas feast and very much enjoyed by everyone. There was a man who had 13 bales of cotton, which the soldiers took to make their beds of; the women and children took as much of it as they wanted, and still there was a great deal left. The weather was very disagreeable, when on the 29th of Dec. on Sunday morning, we were all very much frightened by the arrival of a posse of men in blue uniforms; we did not know whether they were Rebels or Yankees, but came to find out they were bushwhackers. About 12 o'clock they went around and set fire to the deserted winter quarters. We were surrounded by flames that looked like they reached the skies. The cries for water were terrible. Women were filling every little vessel with water. It looked like the Almighty hand of God was our only aid in this hour of trouble, for it was perfectly calm and the flames wound themselves heavenward until they disappeared in space. If there had been the slightest breeze there would not have been a vestige of this town left, and it would have been difficult to save our lives exclusive of anything else; for the whole town was encircled in flames. After the bushwhackers had finished setting fire to everything they disappeared in the midst of the excitement, and we never knew who they were or where they came from. The flames burnt for two days until a rain put them out. Time passed quietly and gloomily on until the 10th of Jan., 1864, when a courier arrived with a letter from my husband, stating that he was very ill and if I ever wanted to see him alive again to come at once. He was at that time in Camden, Ark. about 125 miles from where I was. The reader cannot imagine what a position I was in. No railroad, no horse, nor none to be had, but I was firmly resolved to go. I had a lady friend whose husband was in the same place as mine so I went to her house and fortunate for us both she had a little mule which was so small the soldiers would not have it and I succeeded in finding a little pony equally as small; so the third morning we were ready to start. We had a little boy to drive us; and we both took our little girls which at that time were about two years old. On the first morning I read the news of the execution of a very dear cousin with whose parents I had lived from the time of my mothers death until my marriage. We traveled on for about five miles when a Federal flag of truce overtook us and asked quite a number of questions, and then passed on. About 12 o'clock we passed them where they had stopped to eat their dinners; but soon they were in the lead again. One of the soldiers rode alongside of our wagon and talked and talked for some time, at least giving me a paper with a full account of my cousin's execution, it was horrible, the tears fell so thick and fast that I could not see to read it, so my friend finished the letter. We traveled very late to get to the house of an old friend of mine, old Uncle Ben Claridy. Here we received a hearty welcome, nice supper, and good beds, gratis. The flag of truce had also stopped here. We started very early next morning and traveled all day, and the next day just about sunset we arrived at the little town called Princeton [in Dallas County, Arkansas] and put up at the Lindsey House. Our arrival caused quite an excitement for I had formerly been a resident of the town. I met a number of my friends, and about 4 o'clock in the afternoon my uncle came almost staggering into my room with a letter in his hand, which was written by his son before his execution, as yet he had not read it; and handed it to me to read, fell on his knees and exclaimed "Oh my boy". I read the letter to him and it ran thus: 'Dear Father, Mother, and Sisters: 'I am the only son and I know you love me dearly. It will be hard for you to read this, when I will be laid away in my grave, before you get it. Gen. Steele said he would pardon me if I would tell who gave me my information but No! I will not. I will never be a traitor to my country, nor those that informed me thus. Good bye to all forever. 'I remain you dying son, 'D O Dodd' "My uncle walked the floor all night and said he felt as if he could never meet his wife again. Next morning we started in opposite directions. I went on my lonely journey for two days when we arrived at Camden, but to my great dismay my husband was not there. The troops had gone to Monticello, a place about 75 miles from there. My uncle got to the place my husband was the same night that I reached Camden; he told him what a poor team I had; so my husband knew I could not come to him, so he started to me and on the third morning just as I was fixing to go home my husband got to Camden and came to see me, but he was very much fatigued from his trip. On the 24th of Jan. he was taken sick with a chill. I sent for a doctor, and on his arrival he pronounced it to be a congestion chill; he never recovered from this attack, notwithstanding all the tender care and good medical aid that could be procured. After lingering for three days he died on the 27th of Jan 1864. Words, pen, nor tongue cannot express my grief. I was now alone and helpless and left upon the mercy of this merciless world to support myself and children. And to increase my sorrow I received word that my brother was a prisoner in Rock Island, Ill., where he remained eighteen months. On the 28th my husband was buried; with military and Masonic honors, of the highest degree. It was said to have been one of the largest funerals ever witnessed in the state up to that time. On the 30th I was taken very ill, supposed to have been the result of nursing my deceased husband. Feb. 5th my physician pronounced me beyond medical aid, but it was God's will to spare me for some future time; for several weeks I was very weak, and there was so much excitement the soldiers forbid me to leave. I was obliged to administer on his estate, and remained in Camden for three months. Of course the time passed gloomily and slowly by, having been so recently bereaved of my husband the world seemed very blank to me. Ever afterward how sorrowfully have I looked back upon those few, but long and miserable years of the war, and may heaven never have to witness another such a scene as long as I live anyway. Since that time we have had a very good and prosperous government; the old ire between the North and South has almost died out. I hope the" [Note: here the letter ended, the rest of it being destroyed]. These memories were dictated to Lenora E Payne Wolbert, a daughter of Mariah E Janes (Mrs Mark S Miller) [Source: "The Saline", Saline County (Arkansas) History and Heritage Society, Volume 2, Number 1, "The Life of Mrs Mark S Miller", March 1987, pages 21-30].

Sources

• Dodd, John L <jdodd@picard.tnstate.edu>, John's Genealogy Page: Descendants of Jesse Dodd, <http://www.tnstate.edu/jdodd/lackey/dodd/index.htm>.As viewed on 22 May 2002.

• The Saline, Arkansas, Saline County History and Heritage Society.[Volume 2, Number 1, "The Life of Mrs Mark S Miller", March 1987, pages 21-30]

• "Arkansas County Marriages, 1838–1957." Index. FamilySearch, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2009, 2011. "Arkansas County Marriages, 1838–1957," database, FamilySearch; from Arkansas Courts of Common Pleas and County Clerks. Digital images of originals housed at various county courthouses in the State of Arkansas. Marriage records.