Late Mąnatahųka Rave (abt. 1860 - aft. 1931)

Born about 1860 in Minnesota, United States

Ancestors

Husband of Lizzie (Lamere) Rave — married about 1883 (to about 1897) in Nebraska, United States

Husband of Edith Hinųkacasképįwįga (Earth) Rave — married 9 Sep 1901 (to about 1918) in Thurston, Nebraska, United States

Late was Ho-Chunk.

Biography

Birth

Late was born about 1860 in Minnesota. He is the son of James Rave and his wife Caxšebᵋwįga (Eagle Woman). (Marriage Rec. 1901)

Name

His Hocąk name was given in the 1898 census as Ma-na-ta-hunk-kaw, which is for Mąnatahųka, which means, "Chief of the Earth that Remains", from mą, "earth, ground, land"; -na, a definite article suffix; ta, "to remain, to have left'; hųk, "chief, king"; and -ka, a definite article suffix used in personal names. This name refers to the fact that the Bear Clan, of which the Rave family were members, was in charge of all things pertaining to the earth, including treaties concerning the possession and dispossession of land.

Marriage

About 1883 he married Lizzie LaMère. (1886 census)

In what may have been multiple marriages, Late is seen twice in the same 1900 Federal census, once on page 7, and again on page 26. This is possible because the enumerations were conducted on different dates. On page 7, Late is the brother-in-law of Edward Logan living at his residence; on page 26 he is the husband of Mary LaMere, who is there identified as the mother of Mąnahąbᵋwįga.

His second marriage was to Edith Earth. For unknown reasons, Late Rave married Edith Earth twice, once on 9 September 1901, and again on 29 May 1908. (Marriage Rec. 1901, 1908) She apparently died between 30 June 1918 and 30 June 1919. (1918, 1919 censuses)

By 1919, Late had married a Chippewa (Ojibwe) woman who was known by the name of "Maggie". (1919 census)

Children

The 1896 census lists the following children as offspring of his first marriage to Lizzie Lamere:

It can be seen that the first and second sons had died in infancy. The 1898 census shows Late living with two daughters from other marriages:

The names refer to attributes of bears since the Rave family are members of the Bear Clan. Mąnahąbᵋwįga we know to be the daughter of Mary LaMere (1900 census, p. 26), the former wife of Henry Rave (not the Henry who is the brother of Late Rave, however). Ruxarewįga's mother is unknown, unless she is identical with Lizzie's Hīnū́gā (First Daughter), with the year of her birth being 1885.

Late had the following children with Edith Earth:

Dan appears to have died in childhood and Rudy is anomalous, perhaps a child with another partner. John "Jr." is also an anomaly, being named as if he were the son of Late's brother John, but always consistently himself naming Late as his father. Henukaw is for Hīnū́gā, the birth order name for the First Daughter.

Religion

Late Rave was a respected member of the Native American Church, as this newspaper article attests:

Epperson's committee on miscellaneous subjects is pondering

on a proposal to amend the constitution by prohibiting the

sale of peyote. The committee did not know what peyote was

until a delegation of Omaha and Winnebago Indians appeared

to protest against the proposed prohibition. ... Oliver Lamere,

Late Rave and other Win[n]ebago Indians urged the committee

to kill the proposal. ... Some Indians had to voice their opposition

thru an interpreter. (Evening State Journal)

Death

The 1931 census is the last in which Late appears, showing that he likely died in 1931 or 1932.

Sources

• 1886 Indian census; Roll: M595_311; Page: 18; Line: 1; Agency: Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1888 Indian census; Roll: M595_311; Page: 18; Line: 19. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1893 Indian census; Roll: M595_312; Page: 12; Line: 5; Agency: Omaha And Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1896 Indian census; Roll: M595_312; Page: 16; Line: 23; Agency: Omaha And Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1897 Indian census; Roll: M595_312; Page: 16; Line: 15; Agency: Omaha & Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1898 Indian census; Roll: M595_312; Page: 14; Line: 8; Agency: Omaha & Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1900 Federal Census for Perry, Thurston, Nebraska; Page: 7; Enumeration District: 0185; Description: Perry Precinct; FHL microfilm: 1240941. United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1900. T623, 1854 rolls.
• 1900 Federal Census for Winnebago, Thurston, Nebraska; Page: 26; Enumeration District: 0187; Description: Winnebago Precinct; FHL microfilm: 1240941. United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1900. T623, 1854 rolls.
• Nebraska, Marriage Records, 1855-1908. State Library and Archives, Nebraska State Historical Society, Lincoln, Nebraska. Late Rave and Edith Earth, p. 551, #358, 9 September 1901.
• Nebraska, Marriage Records, 1855-1908. State Library and Archives, Nebraska State Historical Society, Lincoln, Nebraska. Late Rave and Edith Earth, p. 310, 29 May 1908.
• 1910 Federal Census Place: Flournoy, Thurston, Nebraska; Roll: T624_857; Page: 9A; Enumeration District: 0203; FHL microfilm: 1374870. Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910 (NARA microfilm publication T624, 1,178 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. For details on the contents of the film numbers, visit the following NARA web page: NARA.
• 1918 Indian census; Roll: M595_665; Page: 45; Line: 4; Agency: Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1919 Indian census; Roll: M595_665; Page: 42; Line: 10; Agency: Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• The Evening State Journal and Lincoln Daily News, Lincoln, Nebraska, Wednesday, February 4, 1920, p. 8.
• 1920 Federal Census for Flournoy, Thurston, Nebraska; Roll: T625_1002; Page: 2A; Enumeration District: 0212; Description: Flournoy Precinct including Thurston Village. Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920. (NARA microfilm publication T625, 2076 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. Note: Enumeration Districts 819-839 are on roll 323 (Chicago City).
• 1922 Indian census. Roll: M595_665; Page: 46; Line: 1; Agency: Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1924 Indian census; Roll: M595_665; Page: 45; Line: 2; Agency: Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.
• 1930 Federal Census for Flournoy, Thurston, Nebraska; Page: 5B; Enumeration District: 0007 (FLOURNCY PRECINCT EXCLUDING THURSTON VILLAGE); FHL microfilm: 2341029. United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1930. T626, 2,667 rolls.
• 1931 Indian census; Roll: M595_667; Page: 65; Line: 3; Agency: Winnebago. Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75; National Archives, Washington, D.C.