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1730 South Kingstown RI Census

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Location: South Kingstown, Kings, Rhode Islandmap
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Contents

Correlation of Individuals enumerated in the 1730 South Kingstown, RI Census to Wikitree profile identities.

By Randolph R. Beebe © January 2022

Introduction

The following study was inspired by the Wikitree profile I wrote for William Tanner Sr. (abt.1657-abt.1740) in September and October of 2019. In the course of researching and writing that profile, I encountered a number of documents with a scope which included William Tanner, but were much broader and included information on South Kingstown and beyond. I have contemplated what might be learned from an in-depth study of these documents. This paper is a result of that effort and examines the these documents for intersecting information within their data sets. The overall objective of this study is then to to link the identities in the documents to Wikitree identities, to examine the interconnectedness of the individuals in the community defined by the documents, and finally to use the information in these documents to add to the information content in the Wikitree database.

1730 South Kingstown, RI Census

The foundational data set is the 1730 South Kingstown, RI census published in 1984, by Jane Fletcher Fiske in an article in the Rhode Island Roots, Vol 10, No. 1, [1] in which she discloses the contents of a photocopy of the 1730 Rhode Island Census for South Kingstown which had recently been discovered at the Wakefield, RI Town Hall. She notes that this document is one of only two surviving copies of the 1730 RI census (the other is for Portsmouth) and the all the original documents appear to have been lost or destroyed as no one, including her own effort, has been able to locate the original records. This particular census enumeration includes a total of 542 residents, representing 35.6% of the total population officially reported in the 1730 South Kingstown census, hence represents a subset of the 1730 South Kingstown census. The exact geographic boundaries included in this enumeration subset are unknown, but the inclusion of the owners of the Hall Purchase, establishes, with absolute certainty, that the census included the rural area in the Northwest corner of the town on the east side of the Usquepaug River.

1730 Census Enumeration Subset with Correlated Wikitree Profiles

The objective of this essay is to make a critical examination of the information in this article and first, to make a best effort to correlate the identities found in this 1730 South Kingstown, RI census subset with a corresponding Wikitree identity; second, to identify and cite relational links between the families enumerated in this 1730 census document, and finally, to use this information to improve the quality of the existing Wikitree database both in breadth and depth.

Syntax

The following syntax will be used for the following tabulation:

  • From the 1730 census document: W = White person; B = Black person; N = Negro
  • -X = No corresponding Wikitree identity was found in the Wikitree database at the time this article was written. A new profile has been created to complete the correlation.
  • {text} is added editorial comment not fount in the original census
  • Underlined green text is a hot link, generally to the correlated Wikitree profile.
  • Surname variants: the following spelling variations of surnames of the various citizens are used interchangeably in the various document, often within the same document:
    • Gardiner = Gardner
    • Haszard = Hazard
    • Shearman = Sherman
    • Cass = Case
    • Reynolds = Renolds
    • Tibets = Tibbetts = Tibbitts
    • Helm = Helms = Helme
    • Babcock = Badcock

As might be expected in an era of limited mobility, this small community of citizens is highly connected by intermarriage of the families.

The total population enumerated in this 1730 census for South Kingstown: 1523. page 484 South Kingstown was incorporated as a separate town in Feb 1722 page 486page 486

1.) Robert Hannah: W=8; B=2; N=3 {1730 Age ~ 50 yrs.}

  • Brother-in-law to Abraham Perkins (4.)
  • Brother-in-law to Rowse Helme (51.)
  • Descendant of SDB
  • Robert Hannah identified as a Freeman on the 1723 List of Freemen of South Kingstown.

2.) Elisha Reynolds: W=5; B=0; N=0 {1730 Age ~ 24 yrs.}

3.) William Cass: W=3; B=0; N=0 {1730 Age ~ 49 yrs.}

4.) Abraham Perkins: W=8; B=0; N=4 {1730 Age = 49 yrs.}

5.) Thomas Fowler: W=2; B=0; N=0 {1730 Age = 22 yrs.}

  • Thomas Fowler (abt.1708-abt.1781)?
  • Married Sybil Knowles, daughter of Henry Knowles (58.) and Mary (Case) Knowles; Mary was the daughter of Joseph Case Sr. (11.).
    • This makes Thomas Fowler the son-in-law of Henry Knowles (58.), and a grandson, by marriage to Joseph Case Sr. (11.).
    • It also means that William Case (3.), and Immanuel Case (11.), uncles of his first wife.
  • Married second Martha Knowles, dau. of Henry Knowles (58.)

6.) George Webb: W=2; B=0; N=4 {Age in 1730 = 56 yrs.}

7.) Nathan Niles: W=3; B=4; N=1 {Age in 1730 ~ 30 yrs.} {Editorial note, this entry is for Nathan Niles III, as his father Nathaniel Niles II. (abt.1677-abt.1766) had a household of at least 6 people in 1730, and his grandfather Nathaniel Niles Sr. died in 1727.}

8.) Capt. Jeremiah Fish: W=10; B=3; N.=4 {Age in 1730 = 32 yrs.}

9.) Robert Potter Sr.: W=7; B=3; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 63 yrs.} {Editorial note: this entry must be Robert Potter Sr. because Robert Potter Jr. did not marry until 1731, a year after this census and therefore would not have been the head of a household with seven members.}

10.) Ichabod Potter (son of Robt): W=4; B=1; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 27 yrs.}

11.) Joseph Cass: W=2; B=0; N=3 {Age in 1730 = 76 yrs.}

12.) Immanuel Cass: W=6; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 31 yrs.}

13.) Charles Higinbotham: W=5; B=1; N=2 {Age in 1730 = 34 yrs.}

14.) Solomon Carpenter: W=6; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 53 yrs.}

15.) Lydia Potter: W=7; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 60 yrs.}

16.) William Clarke: W=4; B=1; N=3 {Age in 1730 = 57 yrs.}

17.) John Sheldon: W=9; B=0; N=1 {Age in 1730 = 45 yrs.}

18.) Robert Wilcox: W=5; B=3; N=2 {Age in 1730 ~ 37 yrs.}

19.) Ichabod Potter: W=5; B=1; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 38 yrs.}

20.) John Sheldon Jr. {III.}: W=4; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 45 yrs.}

21.) Peter Wells: W=12; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 49 yrs.}

22.) Job Babcock: W=12; B=1; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ ?? yrs.}

23.) Samuel Babcock: W=7; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 30 yrs.}

24.) John Millard: W=2; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 22 yrs.}

25.) Thomas Kinyon: W=6; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 35 yrs.}

26.) Benja Tanner: W=11; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 38 yrs.}

27.) William Tanner: W=9; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 73 yrs.}

28.) William Barber: W=10; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 51 yrs.}

29.) John Denison: W=2; B=0; N=0

  • -X

30.) Joseph Phillips: W=4; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 27 yrs.}


31.) Peleg Mumford: W=5; B=1; N=2 {Age in 1730 ~ 71 yrs.}

  • Peleg Mumford (1659-1745) or
  • Father of Peleg Mumford Jr., who married Mary Bull, dau of Ephraim Bull (64.)
  • Father of Hannah (Mumford) Hopkins, who married Thomas Hopkins, son of Samuel Hopkins (37)
  • Father of Sarah Mumford) Barber, who married William Barber (28.)
  • Peleg Mumford identified as a Freeman on the 1723 List of Freemen of South Kingstown.

32.) Stephen Cottrill: W=9; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 51 yrs.}

33.) Peleg Mumford Jr.: W=6; B=0; N=1 {Age in 1730 ~ 38 yrs.}

34.) Mary Fordice: W=3; B=0; N=0

  • -X

35.) William Sunderlin: W=4; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 29 yrs.}

36.) Capt. Job Babcock: W=6; B=0; N=1 {Age in 1730 ~ 59 yrs.}

37.) Samll Hopkins: W=8; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 67 yrs.}

  • Samuel Hopkins (1663-1738)
    • Son Thomas Hopkins, married Hannah Mumford, dau of Peleg Mumford (31.)
  • Samuel Hopkins identified as a Freeman on the 1723 List of Freemen of South Kingstown.

38.) John Earle: W=7; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 52 yrs.}

39.) Isaac Fowler: W=7; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 39 yrs.}

40.) John Hull: W=10; B=0; N=0

41.) Nathaniel Potter: W=4; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 30 yrs.}

42.) Moses Barber Jr. {III}: W=8; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 25 yrs.}

43.) Benja Barber: W=3; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 23 yrs.}

44.) Moses Barber: W=8; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 47 yrs.}

45.) Joseph Case Jr.: W=8; B=0; N=2 {Age in 1730 = 52 yrs.}

  • Joseph Case Jr (1678-1739)
  • Son of Joseph Case Sr. (xx.)
  • Joseph Cass Jr. identified as a Freeman on the 1723 List of Freemen of South Kingstown.

46.) George Gardiner: W=7; B=3; N=4 {Age in 1730 = 34 years.}

47.) William Lee: W=6; B=0; N=0

  • -X

48.) Col. Geo. Haszard: W=5; B=0; N=13 {Age in 1730 ~ 72 years.}

49.) Thomas Haszard: W=2; B=1; N=2 {Age in 1730 = 26 yrs.}

50.) Christopher Helme: W=8; B=3; N=3 {Age in 1730 = 28 yrs.}

51.) Rowse Helme: W=11; B=3; N=2 {Age in 1730 ~ 47 yrs.}

52.) Michael Harris: W=2; B=0; N=0

53.) William Watson: W=5; B=0; N=0

54.) John Cass: W=2; B=0; N=1 {Age in 1730 ~ 30 yrs.}

55.) John Tefft: W=8; B=1; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 57 yrs.}

56.) Samuel Tefft: W=9; B=2; N=0 {Age in 1730 ~ 45 yrs.}

57.) Elizabeth Tefft: W=7; B=1; N=0 {Age in 1730 =72 yrs.}

58.) Henry Knowles: W=14; B=1; N=10 {Age in 1730 = 55 yrs.}

59.) John Nichols: W=9; B=0; N=0

60.) Widow Haszard: W=2; B=6; N=0

61.) William Gardiner, son to Henry: W=7; B=0; N=3 {Age in 1730 = 33 yrs.}

62.) Abial Shearman: W=13; B=0; N=6 {Age in 1730 = 46 years}

  • Abiel Shearman (1684-abt.1742) m. Dorcas Gardiner, dau of William Gardner, dau of William Gardiner, granddaughter of Wm Gardiner.
  • Abiel Sherman identified as a Freeman on the 1723 List of Freemen of South Kingstown.

63.) William Murry: W=3; B=0; N=0 {This entry is likely William Mowrey, phonetically similar to Murry; and Mowrey was a common surname at this time and place whereas Murry was not.}

  • -X

64.) Ephraim Bull: W=7; B=1; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 28 years}

  • Ephraim Bull (1702-)
  • Brother-in-law to Peleg Mumford (33.)
  • Ephraim Bull identified as a Freeman on the 1723 List of Freemen of South Kingstown.

65.) Joseph Majore: W=3; B=0; N=0

  • -X

66.) George Kalley: W=5; B=0; N=0 {Age in 1730 = 33 yrs.}

Notably absent from this Census

Wikitree Relationship Clarifications Resulting from this Study

  1. Mary Case daughter of John Case Sr. revealed to be the wife of Henry Knowles
  2. Margaret Case daughter of John Case Sr. revealed to be the wife of Abraham Perkins.
  3. Hannah Case daughter of John Case Sr. revealed to be the probable wife of William Tanner Jr.

Other related South Kingstown Groups

The Hall Purchase or Westerly Manor

The second data set is the 31 July 1711 deposition by given Joseph Duvall, as part of a legal dispute between Job Tanner and John Knight. Joseph Duvall was the land surveyor who was hired by the Henry Hall and the Knights to plat the land for resale. In this depostion, Joseph Duvall defines the original 1693 owners of a two square mile subset, of the 57 square miles of land modern-day South Kingstown, known as the Hall purchase or Westerly Manor, as an interesting side note, observe that the name "Westerly Manor" Henry Hall selected to identify the development, reveals that he considered the property (in 1693) to be associated with Westerly rather than Kingstown. The study will examine the data in attempt to bridge the chain of ownership from the original sale in 1693 to the residents enumerated in the 1730 Census. [2]

Seventh Day Baptist Records

The third dataset is a pamphlet published by the Seventh Day Baptist Church which provides a listing of the charter and early members of the church; [3]

1723 Roll of Freemen in South Kingstown RI

The next document considered for evaluation and cross-correlation are the 1696 and 1723 records of freemen in the town of South Kingstown as recorded by J. R. Cole in his 1889 History of Washington and Kent counties, Rhode Island [4]

  1. ) Early Settlers to Narragansett; page 49:
  2. Freemen of Kingstown 1696; page 371: This first list of freemen is recorded for the combined town of North Kingstown and South Kingstown, prior to the 1722 split of town into the separate North/South geographic and political structures. This list has been included because it includes a number of
    1. ) Early Settlers to Narragansett; page 49: Freemen of Kingstown in 1696: From an old record, considerably marred, we have been able to transcribe in part the list of the freemen belonging to the town of Kingstown in the year of 1696, viz.: "Joseph Fones, John Fones, Jeremiah Fones, Samuel Fones, Andrew Willett, Jeffrey Champling, James Renolds, Sen., James Renolds, Jr., Henry Tibets, George Whitman, John Cotterell, William Gibson, James Green, Henry Tibets, Jr., John Hinman, Samuel Albrough, Sen., John Briggs, Jr., Edward Green, John Eldred, John Spink, Joseph Place, Daniel Eldred, Arthur Alyworth, John Briggs, Sen., Moses Barber (44.), Samuel Eldred, Nathaniel Niles, George Gardner, Samuel Hopkin (37.), Thomas Hazard, Stephen Hazard, John Crandall, Thomas Eldred, Benjamin Green, John Sweet, Benjamin Gardner, Bennony (Benoni) Sweet, William Condell, Joseph Hull, Sen., Nicholas Gardner, William Cole, Joseph Hull, Jr., William Gardner (cord winder), Samuel Werden, Jr., Samuel Helme, John Watson, Jun., Robert Hannah Sr. {Jr. was only 16 in 1796.}, Edward Greenman, Samuel Perry, Jobe Jenny, George Cook, Jeffrey Champing, Jr., Robert Hazard, Jr., George Babcock, Jeremiah Hazard, Stephen Wilcox, James Huling, Phillip Aylworth, Charles Brown, Alexander Brown, Robert Gardner, James Kinyon, Robert Eldred, Joseph Northrup, Nathan Gardner, Thomas Willett, Henry Gardner, Stephen Shearman, Thomas Phillips, Thomas Eldred, Jr., Thomas Bently, Benjamin Sheffield, Edmond Sheffield, Daniel Smith, Christopher Phillips, Nicholas Northrup, Anthony Eldred, John Wells, Jr., James Sweet, Isaac Gardner, Robert Case, Benjamin Sweet, Edward Dyre, Jr., John Jenkins, James Huling, Alexander Huling, George Hasard (48.), Jeffrey Hasard, Benjamin Mumford, Thomas Potter, Ichabod Potter, Henry Northrup, Peleg Mumford (31.), William Sheffield, son of Ichabod Sheffield, George Whightman, John Crowder, William Havens, Jr., Joseph Congdon and Daniel Nichols.
  3. ) The Town of South Kingstown; page 481: 484.
    1. ) The 1730 census reports a population of 1523.
    2. ) page 486 South Kingstown set off in Feb 1722. First town meeting in 1723. John Watson moderator; Robert Hannah clerk (from June 1723 through June 1736). John Watson and John Babcock reps.
    3. ) page 488: Freemen of South Kingstown. — " A list of freemen belonging to South Kingstown taken from ye Records of ye Late Kingstown September ye 16, 1723. The former List (See North Kingstown) bearing Date the 12th of December, 1696 : Moses Barber (44.), Nathaniel Niles Henry Gardner, Samuel Hopkins (37.), Thomas Hazard (49.), Stephen Hazard, William Congdon, Joseph Hull, William Gardner (61.), Samuel Warden, Jr., Samuel Helme, John Watson, Jr., James Kinyon, Robert Hannah (1.), George Babcock, Thomas Potter, Robert Potter (9.), Jonathan Turner, John Shelden, Jr. (20.), Ichabod Potter (19.) {age ~20}, Christopher Allen, Daniel McCooun, Joseph Cass, Jr. (45.), Solomon Carpenter (14.), Abiel Sherman (62.), Stephen Wilcox and son, Nathaniel Gardner, Robert Cass, Henry Gardner, Ephraim Gardner, Benjamin Sheffield, Edmond Sheffield, Daniel Smith, George Hazard, Nathan Niles (7.), {note both Nathan and Nathaniel Niles}, Thomas Joslin, John Kinyon, Peter Boss, William Robinson, Richard Mumford, Daniel Knowles, William Mumford, Robert Knowles, Stephen Hazard, Jr., Robert Hazard, Jr., Joseph Mumford, Jeremiah Sheffield, Emanuel Cass (12.), George Hazard, son of Thomas ; John Gardner, Benjamin Mumford, Benjamin Hazard, Thomas Potter, Jr., Ichabod Potter, Jr. (10.), Peleg Mumford (31.), Joseph Congdon, William Clarke (16.), Ephraim Bull (64.), Thomas Kinyon (25.), George Babcock, Jr., John Potter, son of Thomas, Samuel Barber, John Browning, Pasco Austin.

A Note on Slavery in 1730 Rhode Island

It is impossible to read this document and not be impressed with the extent slavery had permeated the 1730 culture of South Kingstown, and the gravity of the subject warrants a comment. This 1730 census shows that the South Kingstown, Rhode Island community enumerated in this subset of the census consisted of a total of 62 households forming a population of 422 Whites, 43 Blacks, and 77 Negroes, for a total of 542 residents. The census enumeration clearly differentiates between free and slave, and provides a snapshot of the extent of the practice of slavery at South Kingstown in 1730, having 22% of the enumerated population enslaved, and that fully 52% of the households are documented to have participated in the practice of slavery. Furthermore, this census also provides an enumeration differentiation between a "Black" and a "Negroe" with no clarification with regard to the definition of these terms. Perhaps the term "Black" may have also included enslaved Native Americans, but it is more likely the terms differentiated between slaves born into slavery in North America and those born free in Africa. Certainly an enslaving society had more to fear from those who had been born free in a radically different culture, than those who had been born into the mainstream culture and indoctrinated from birth as to their servant social status and this distinction would be important information for the government to gather in order to assess the probability, and magnitude of a potential revolt.

The Colony of Rhode Island was conceived and birthed on the foundation of offering free practice of religion to its citizens, and consequently many modern day historians have been quick to judge these colonists as barbaric, evil hypocrites, who while in their pursuit of the free practice of religion for themselves were at the same time denying any freedoms to an unprotected and defenseless class of people solely for their own personal benefit. It is easy for the modern day observer to be smug and to presume an air of moral superiority, having the vantage point of living at a time 158 years after the abolition of slavery in this country; while these colonists lived at a time when the practice of slavery was both a legal and a generally accepted social norm, that is to say "everybody was doing it" as is evidenced by the 52% participation rate documented in this census. This is a bold reminder to the modern observer that just because a certain practice is both legal and generally accepted does not exempt it from being morally repugnant; our modern day society is certain to be viewed by smug historians 158 years from now as barbaric and evil hypocrites for our own morally repugnant practice of the pursuit of our own personal freedom while at the same time denying all freedoms to an unprotected and defenseless class of people solely for our own personal and economic benefit. Systemic evil is evil regardless of whether it is called slavery or abortion. “History Doesn’t Repeat Itself, but It Often Rhymes” – Mark Twain

Sources

  1. Fiske, Jane Fletcher; Rhode Island Roots, Vol 10, No. 1, "1730 Census, South Kingstown, R.I.," a quarterly publication of the Rhode Island Genealogical Society, Warwick, RI., March 1984. Available here, by membership only
  2. Potter, Elisha, The Early History of Narragansett, Volume III of a three Volume set, Collections of the Rhode Island Historical Society V III, Providence, Marshall Brown and Co., 1835. Also here Data Extract:
    1. ) Coginaquant's deed to Henry Hall and Robert Knight Page 70: 19 Jan 1664. Coginaquant's deed to Henry Hall and Robert Knight, of about two square miles, which they named Westerly Manor. Definition of bounds by Indian names. This purchase was afterwards confirmed by the Assembly, in 1708. It's bounds as finally settled, appear to the the Usquepaug River on the west, the Pettiquamscut purchase on the East, and on the North, the purchase of Lang, Boss, Wickham and others from the State Committee on 17 May 1710.
    2. ) Notes from General Assembly; Page 112: Feb 1712. In a lawsuit between John Knight and Job Babcock, an appeal allowed to Great Britain.
    3. ) Report of the Committee on the Vacant Lands, Page 213-219: Report of Committee appointed by the General Assembly of Rhode Island to hear claims and titles on Narragansett land and to present a draft recommendation. The deed of Coginaquant to Knight and Hall with a deed of said Coginaquant to Captain Cranston and Co., and a deed to John Green, John Fones and Partners, which here we present, we leave to the to the opinion of the General Assembly with several papers presented to us. 27 Oct 1708. Committee members; Henry Tew, Weston Clarke, Richard Arnold, and Randall Holden. Page 215-219 contains a list of sales of these vacant lands.
    4. ) Notes from General Assembly; Page 111: Oct 1708. The assembly confirmed the Deed of Coqinaquand to Knight and Halls, provided it should not interfere with the Pettaquamscut purchase. Coqinaquand's deed to Capt. Cranston and partners, was not confirmed, those lands having already been granted out by the Assembly to East Greenwich, or to Fones, Green and partners.
    5. ) Deposition by Capt. Joseph Davell regarding the Hall Purchase Page 225-226: Transcription of Capt. Joseph Davel's Deposition regarding the Hall Purchase; footnote on the location of John Sheldon's house. {This text is cited in Dr. George Tanner's 1905 Tanner Genealogy.}
  3. Dedication of Ministers' Monument, August 28, 1899, Published for the Association by The American Sabbath Tract Society, Plainfield, NJ., 1899. Data Extract; The following information has been extracted from a footnote on page 26 and 27 of the pamphlet commemorating the Dedication of the Ministers' Monument on August 23, 1899 at the First Hopkinton (Conn.) Cemetery. This footnote identifies a list of 133 men who were known (to the Sabbatarian Baptist Church) to have been associated with the SDBC movement in southwestern Rhode Island prior to the formation of the Hopkinton SDBC in 1708. These men have been identified as the progenitors of 5/6 of the Hopkinton SDBC membership, and their descendants comprised 2/3 of the ensuing church plants spawned by the Hopkinton church. The following is a copy of that list
    1. ) List of pre-1708 Seventh Day Baptist Church Progenitors: John Allen, Arthur Aylesworth,; James Babcock, William Bailey, Moses Barber, James Barker, William Bassett, Samuel Beebe, Robert Bennett, William Bentley, Elijah Berry, George Bliss, Edward Bliven, Edward Boss, Thomas Brand, John Briggs, James Barker, William Bassett, Samuel Beebe, Robert Bennett, George Brown, Robert Burdick, Peter Button, Abiah Carpenter, Robert Carr, Bryant Cartwright, Jeffrey Champlin, Benjamin Chase, Christopher Chester, Jeremiah Clarke, Joseph Clarke, Francis Colgrove,, Elizur Collins, Nicholas Cottrell, Hope Covey, John Crandall, Daniel Crumb, Aaron Davis, William Davis, William Devol, Tristram Dodge, John Dunham, William Dyre, Daniel Edwards, John Enos, William Fenner, Samuel Fox, William Gardiner, Samuel Gorton, John Greene, John Greenman, Henry Hall, James Halls, William Harris, Thomas Hazzard, Henry Head, Jonathan Hill, William Hiscox, Obadiah Holmes, Sammuel Hubbard, Joseph Hull, John Irish, William James, John Johnson, John Kenyon, Clement King, Andrew Langworthy, George Lanphere, Edward Larkin, George Lawton, Benjamin Lester, John Lewis, Abraham Lockwood, Richard Manering, Felix Maryott, Henry Matteson, Richard Maxson, John McCoon, Samuel Millard, Hugh Mosher, Adam Mott, Nathan Newberry, Thomas Nichols, Nathaniel NIles, Henry Palmer, Jonathan Palmeter, James Pendleton, Samuel Perry, Michael Philips, Ephraim Pierce, Enoch Place, Nathaniel Potter, John Randall, Simon Ray, William Reynolds, Zachariah Rhodes, Edward Richmond, James Rogers, Tourmet Rose, William Ross, Nicholas Satterlee, Tobias Saunders, Anthony Shaw, Ichabod Sheffield, John Sheldon Sr., Philip Sherman, George Sission, John Smith, John Spencer, Thomas Spicer, Thomas Stanton, William Stewart, George Stillman, John Sweet, Samuel Talbot, William Tanner, Robert Taylor, John Tefft, Isaac Thompson, Edward Thurston, Eleazar Truman, Nicholas Utter, Edward Vars, William Vincent, Thomas Ward, Thomas Wells, James Weeden, Thomas West, Stukeley Westcotte, William White, Pasco Whitford, Edward Wilcox, Roger Williams, Josiah Witter, and Samuel Worden,
  4. Cole, J. R.; History of Washington and Kent counties, Rhode Island, including their early settlement and progress to the present time; a description of their historic and interesting localities; sketches of their towns and villages; portraits of some of their prominent men, and biographies of many of their representative citizens; New York : W. W. Preston & Co.; 1889

Other Sources

The following section provides a listing of source material that is pertinent to the profile subject, but not presently cited in the biography text of the profile.





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