Acadian BINGO ideas

Date: [unknown] [unknown]
Location: [unknown]

Ideas for Cindy and Gisele to use in the BINGO game.

Early Acadie

1. Acadie ^[1]
2. Grand-Pré ^[2]
3. Port-Royal ^[3]
4. France/French ^[4]
5. Maine - early days of Acadia were in Maine at Fort Pentagoet, Castine. Acadian land included about half of Maine, down to the Kennebec river then.^[5]
6. Nova Scotia - after the capital was moved to Port Royal (now Annapolis Royal), this became the primary focus of Acadian Nova Scotia. The British fought numerous times to capture these lands and eventually won them in the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713^[6]
7. New Brunswick ^[7]
8. Indigenous - the native peoples in the area, several tribes
9. Mi'kmaq - the primary tribe in Nova Scotia, friendly to the french
10. Penobscot - the primary tribe in Maine
11. metis - french word for mixed native and french
12. Aboiteau/Dyke/Dike ^[8]
13. Corne - french word for horned beast - primarily cows
14. Chirurgien - french word for surgeon
15. Fisherman - most Mi'kmaq's and many french fished the Atlantic ocean waters
16. Sieur ^[9]
17. First Families ^[10]
18. St. Jehan ^[11]
19. Censuses
20. Catholic
21. 1604 - the first french colonists arrive ^[12]
22. Antoinette St Etienne de la Tour - first french child born in North American to become a nun. And she sang for the queen of France.^[13] She was also metis, half Mi'kmaq. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/De_Latour-5
23. Middle - the French did not use middle names. All the given names are considered first names.
24. Maiden Name - Women kept their maiden names throughout their life. Only occasionally named as widow of . . .
25. Illiterate - these people were farmers, fisherman, musicians, not readers. Few were educated enough to sign or spell their names. For this reason, name spelling varied considerably, and that is why we use standard names.

Deportation and Beyond

1. Halifax ^[14]
2. Isle Saint-Jean ^[15]
3. Prince Edward Island :^[16]
4. Isle Royale: Almost 2000 deported to France in 1758.
5. Cape Breton: Fortress of Louisbourg
6. Oath of Allegiance ^[17]
7. Grand Dérangement ^[18]
8. British: They apologized to the Acadians for the Great Upheaval. ^[19]
9. Deportation ^[20]
10. Prisoner
11. Escape ^[21]
12. Pembroke ^[22]
13. Treaty of Paris ^[23][24]
14. 1763. ^[25]
15. Military
16. Exile. In 1763, 10 000 Acadians in exile. (France 3500, Québec 2000, Massachusetts 1043, England 866). Sub-Project Acadians in Exile, Jacqueline Girouard. Population
17. Quebec. Founded by Samuel de Champlain 1608, 3 years after Port-Royal. Thousands of Acadians fled there after 1755.
18. Cajun: A Louisianian descended from French-speaking immigrants from Acadia, Alteration of the word Acadien.
19. Wall of Names ^[26]
20. Broussard: Joseph Broussard dit Beausoleil. A legendary figure, for his bravery as leader of the resistance of the Acadians at the time of the deportation. In poetry, songs, literature. Especially in Louisiana, if you are a Broussard or have connections with the family, it is considered an honor.
21. Company of Frenchmen ^[27]
22. Winslow's List ^[28]
23. DNA. Many church records were destroyed during wars and the Grand Dérangement. DNA testing helps confirm or correct lineages.
24. Stephen White ^[29]
25. André-Carl Vachon ^[30]

Sources

1. ↑ Acadie: In 1524, the Florentine navigator, Giovanni da Verrazzano, named the Maryland and Virginia area Arcadie, "for the beauty of its trees," referring to a region of Ancient Greece which represented a place of serenity and happiness. The name was later adopted for the peninsula of Nova Scotia, where the French Port-Royal colony was founded in 1605. In the writings of Champlain that recounted his visit to the region in 1604, the letter r from Arcadie had already disappeared. At the same time, it is likely that Arcadie became Acadie, or Acadia, under the influence of a local Mi’kmaw name for place. It came to designate what is now known as northern Maine, southern New Brunswick and mainland Nova Scotia.Today Acadie is used to refer to the areas in the Canadian Atlantic provinces where Acadian communities live. It is a nation without a borders. Parks Canada
2. ↑ Grand-Pré: From 1682 until 1775, the village of Grand-Pré was the centre of Acadian settlement in the area of Les Mines, on the Mines Basin. In 1755, the site served as the headquarters for the deportation of over six thousand Acadians from their lands in Nova Scotia, by the British government. Designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1955, a strong attachment remains to this day among Acadians throughout the world to this area, the heart of their ancestral homeland and symbol of the ties which unite them. Parks Canada
3. ↑ Port-Royal: First European settlement north of Florida, established by Champlain in 1605. Named in recognition of the French king who granted de Mons a monopoly on the area’s fur trade. Located on the north bank of the Annapolis Basin, Nova Scotia. Renamed Annapolis Royal in 1710. Capital of Acadia and later Nova Scotia for almost 150 years, until the founding of Halifax in 1749. The Port-Royal site is approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) west of present-day Annapolis Royal. Wikipedia
4. ↑ France/French: Acadians have in common French origins, a shared history, and ancestors who spoke French and were Catholic. The settlers came from the French regions of Poitou, Saintonge, and Aunis.Les origines françaises des Acadiens French Origins of Acadians
5. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Pentagouet
6. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Nova_Scotia
7. ↑ New Brunswick: Part of Acadie until 1763. Often called "Acadie Française" by historians to distinguish it from Nova Scotia between 1713 and 1763. In 1784, following the arrival of many loyalists fleeing the American Revolution, the colony of New Brunswick was officially created, separating it from what is now Nova Scotia.
8. ↑ Aboiteau/Dyke/Dike: An aboiteau is a structure that opens to allow fresh water to drain from a marsh and, under the effect of the rising tide, closes to prevent sea water from entering. The Acadians’ focus and ability to transform marshes is distinctive in colonial North America. They were the only pioneer settlers in that era to farm so extensively below sea level. The majority of the settlers came from western France, where marshy areas had been transformed and reclaimed over centuries to create much-needed land. They had mastered the skills of dyking, land drain-age, and salt extraction since the Roman period. Impressed by the fertility and productivity of the initial transformed lands in Acadie, the Acadians would go on, until 1755, transforming many marshes of different sizes along tidal rivers and various coves and bays around the Bay of Fundy, in many parts of today’s Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Acadians came to be known as défricheurs d’eau (water pioneers), to distinguish them from other colonists in North America who created farmland by clearing the forest. The Acadians did clear some upland areas for their villages, orchards, gardens, and livestock, but the dominant element in their agriculture, highly unusual in North America, was to claim the tidal marshes by enclosures. The Acadians and the Creation of the Dykeland 1680–1755
9. ↑ Sieur: means Sir. Old French /archaic. Title of respect. Usually reserved for a gentleman of high social status. Collins Dictionary
10. ↑ First Families: These people are the first members of their family to live and establish their family in Acadie. Most are the Patriarch or Matriarch of their family. Many were born in France and some were born in Acadie. This list in WikiTree covers families started as early as 1604 and through 1763, the end of the Acadian project period.
11. ↑ St. Jehan/Le Saint-Jean : Many ships left France for Acadie with settlers. Le St Jehan passenger list is the only one that has been found for the period between 1632 and 1654. Left La Rochelle for Acadie on 1 April 1636 with 78 passengers and 18 crew members. Most of the passengers were workers (carpenters, salt-makers, plowmen, tailors, a gunsmith). A few brought their wives and children. Only about 13% of the 78 passengers settled permanently in Acadie. Blogue Guy Perron Profiles with category
12. ↑ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/history-of-acadia

    The first French colonists did not arrive, however, until 1604 under the leadership of Pierre du Gua de Monts and Samuel de Champlain. De Monts settled the 80-odd colonists at Île Sainte-Croix on the St Croix River. The winter of 1604–1605 was disastrous, scurvy killing at least 36 men.

13. ↑ https://theconversation.com/hidden-women-of-history-antoinette-de-saint-etienne-the-first-nations-nun-who-sang-for-a-queen-110183
14. ↑ Halifax: Founded in 1749 by several thousand British settlers and soldiers. The new capital of Nova Scotia, replacing Annapolis Royal. Became a stronghold for the imperial powers. Had a profound impact on the Mi'kmaq and the Acadians. Close to half of the total Acadian population in Nova Scotia decided to relocate to French-controlled territories. (Chignectou, Île-Saint-Jean, Île-Royale.) The Native Micmac viewed the Halifax settlement as a violation of an earlier treaty of 1726, which had conferred English authority over Nova Scotia in exchange for the promise that the English would not interfere with Indian lands associated with hunting, fishing, and planting. This treaty violation lead to the Micmac War, also known as Father Le Loutre’s War after the French missionary to the Indians whom the English believed encouraged Native-American resistance to English rule. The war finally ended in 1755 with the defeat of French and Indian forces at the Battle of Fort Beauséjour. (A.J.B. Johnston, "French Attitudes Toward the Acadians, ca. 1680-1756". In Du Grand Dérangement à la Déportation. Nouvelles perspectives historiques, edited by Ronnie-Gilles LeBlanc (Moncton, Chaire d’études acadiennes, 2005) p. 149-152)
15. ↑ Isle Saint-Jean: Prince Edward Island’s original residents, the Mi’kmaq, called the island Epekwitk or ‘cradle on the waves.’ France established the first permanent settlement in 1720 by sending 300 settlers. In 1758 more than 3,000 Acadians were deported to France. During the crossing and in the first months after arriving in France, approximately half of the deportees perished. Most died while at sea, either by sickness or drowning.
16. ↑ Prince Edward Island: Where the Acadian flag was born, in 1884. Colors of the French flag: our motherland is France. The star represents the Virgin Mary Acadian Flag Babineau-679
17. ↑ Oath of Allegiance: An oath of fidelity to the king was required of all British subjects. Acadians refused to take an unconditional oath that would oblige them to bear arms against the French, and the Native people. They wished to live peacefully, and remain neutral. Oath
18. ↑ Grand Dérangement: Series of events that affected the Acadians between around 1750 up to about 1763. Deportation or Expulsion is too restrictive. The equivalent English would be the “Great Upheaval” or “Great Disruption.” Deportation Terms
19. ↑ Apology: On December 9, 2003, Queen Elizabeth II signed the Royal Proclamation acknowledging the wrongs committed against the Acadian people in the name of the Crown and establishing a “Day of Commemoration” on July 28th of each year. Apology
20. ↑ Deportation: Removal of Acadians from their land from 1755 to 1762. The word deportation, commonly used, might suggest (in today’s English) they were aliens in their homeland, Expulsion is now used more often in studies. Reasons: (1) Earlier plans of colonial authorities to send large number of new English/protestant settlers to live among the Acadians, and make the whole colony English-speaking, Protestant and loyal to the British crown, failed. (2) Acadians refused to swear an unconditional oath of allegiance to King George II. They did not want to take arms agains the British, the French, or the Indigenous people. (3) As the Acadians’ population grew, the British became increasingly nervous of their French loyalties. Also, they occupied the most fertile lands. (Geoffrey Plank, "King George II and the Acadian Removal," Du Grand Dérangement à la Déportation: Nouvelles perspectives historiques, Ronnie-Gilles LeBlanc, ed., (Moncton, NB: Chaire d’études acadiennes, 2005) p. 88-95 ) The British first deported Acadians to the Thirteen Colonies, and after 1758, transported additional Acadians to Britain and France. In all, of the 14,100 Acadians in the region, approximately 11,500 were deported, at least 5,000 Acadians died of disease, starvation or shipwrecks. Men, women and children were forcibly removed from their homes and their land, which they had farmed for a century. Their houses were burned and their land given to settlers loyal to Britain, mostly immigrants from New England and then Scotland. The event is largely regarded as a crime against humanity, though modern-day use of the term "genocide" is debated by scholars. A census of 1764 indicates that 2,600 Acadians remained in the colony having eluded capture Wikipedia
21. ↑ Escape: 4th gg escaped from Fort Beauséjour dressed as a woman, supposedly. Beausoleil-Broussard and 85 prisoners escaped from Fort Lawrence by digging a tunnel under the fort with spoons, knives and other utensils brought by their wives or mothers who were responsible for bringing them food and clothes.
22. ↑ Pembroke: On 4 December 1755 in Annapolis Royal, 232 Acadians were herded aboard the ship Pembroke for exile to North Carolina. The Acadians on board revolted and took control of the ship. Acadians burned the ship and traveled by foot to the village of Sainte-Anne-des-Pays-Bas (today Fredericton) where they spent the winter. Many continued on to Québec. Pembroke Passenger List
23. ↑ Treaty of Paris: Signed on 10 February 1763 and ended the Seven Years’ War (1756 to 1763) between France, Britain and Spain. Much of the fighting took place in North America. Britain obtained the French possessions of Ile Royale (Cape Breton Island), Canada (Quebec), and the Great Lakes Basin and the east bank of the Mississippi River. France retained fishing rights in Newfoundland and the Gulf of St Lawrence and acquired the small Gulf islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon. Canadian Encyclopedia Thousands of Acadians who were prisoners in Nova Scotia, New England colonies, and England, were freed and relocated to Québec, France, or other French-controlled territories (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, Haïti) and later on to Louisiana. Between the years 1763 and 1769, this was the most important movement of Acadians since the Deportation.
24. ↑ Paul Delaney, "The Chronology of Deportations and Migrations of the Acadians 1755-1816."
25. ↑ 1763: France gave up all its territories in mainland North America. Thousands of Acadians were set free. Those who chose to stay in the Colony of Nova Scotia (or return there) had to take an oath of allegiance, and settle in small isolated groups. They were forbidden to return to their former homes, which were either destroyed or occupied by English/Protestant settlers.
26. ↑ Wall of Names: The Wall of Names lists approximately 3,000 persons identified as Acadian refugees in early Louisiana records, arriving between 1764 and 1785. Their names are engraved on twelve bronze plaques and framed in granite situated at the Acadian Memorial, St Martinville, Louisiana. It has become something of a pilgrimage for people who have a family connection to Louisiana’s first Acadian settlers. category
27. ↑ Company of Frenchmen: Eighteen young Acadians participated in the American Revolutionary War as soldiers during The Siege of Fort Cumberland in 1776 in the Colony of Nova Scotia. They were known as The Company of Frenchmen. The attack on this fort was the first part of a plan to make Nova Scotia the 14th American Colony. They did not succeed. The majority of them, and/or their families, were listed among the prisoners at Fort Cumberland in 1763 (formerly Fort Beauséjour), a fort that they would try to capture thirteen years later.List of men
28. ↑ Winslow's List: Lieut.-Col. John Winslow oversaw the deportation of the Acadians from Grand-Pré in 1755. He ordered the creation of a census of the men 16 and over (about 418). It names heads of families and enumerates family members & livestock (wives were not included). It is now known as Winslow's List. It helps us identify our ancestors who were imprisoned in the Church at Grand-Pré, and deported to the New England colonies with their families. List
29. ↑ Stephen White: Genealogist at the Centre d'études acadiennes, University of Moncton in New Brunswick, Canada, a position he has held since 1975. Considered to be the foremost expert on Acadian genealogy. He holds a Bachelor’s Degree in History from Harvard University and a Doctor of Law Degree from the University of Pennsylvania. DGFA.
30. ↑ André-Carl Vachon: Historian, researcher, author of several books about Acadian history. (In French) Info