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Contents

Cross Reference and Directory

Free Space Profiles

Current Family To Do List

--Duplicate material for Charlemagne --Welsh Ancestry --Mother's --Christopher Kellett --Vortigern, Biography in History and Legend --Fifth, Sixth, Seven Generations -- Sampson

Current Project A

--Categorization -- current arrangements. --Trevelyan --Whalesborough --Welsh Ancestry --Llywelyn

Current Project B

--Malpas Ancestry (Ormerod) --Welsh ancestry -- Tangwystl

Current Project C: Rous Roll Temporary

--Lists all the names on the Rous Roll -- Possible future public free space list.

Jack's Charlemagne to-do list
Llywelyn ap Iorwerth

Categories'

Current Project


Categorization

Current Arrangement

First Level: Categories -- Root page Top of Page Link: "How to Categorize" takes you to "Categorization" Top of Page Link: "Find" has drop down menu and choice "Categories" takes you to "Categories" Root Page -- which is a subdirectory of "Categorization Help" which in turn is a subdirectory of "WikiTree Help -- which is a subdirectory of "Categories"

Second Level under Categories:

  • Maintenance Categories -- "Part of Project: Profile Improvement" has 74 subcategories including
  • WikiTree Help
  • Projects -- under Categories, WikiTree Help, and Volunteers Needed. Has 21 subcategories including Functional Projects.

Third Level:

  • Categorization Help -- under WikiTree Help. Has 21 subcontracts, including many non-English 1st order Category Categories.
  • Functional Projects -- under Projects

Fourth Level:

  • Categorization -- under Categorization help
  • Category FAQ -- under Categorization Help
  • Categorization Project -- under Categorization Help and Functional Projects. Has 2 subcategories including Disambiguation and Test.
  • Cemetery Formatting -- under Categorization Help and Cemeteries
  • Category Names -- Under Categorization Help, Styles and Standards, Categorization Project
  • Indonesia Category Conventions -- under Categorization Help, Indonesia Project, Indonesia
  • Category Religious Professionals Formatting -- under Categorization Help, Categories, Religious Professionals

Proposed Arrangement

First Level: Categories -- Root page Link: "How to Categorize" takes you to "Categorization"

Second Level under Categories:

  • Categorization
  • Maintenance Categories -- "Part of Project: Profile Improvement" has 74 subcategories including
  • WikiTree Help
  • Projects -- under Categories, WikiTree Help, and Volunteers Needed. Has 21 subcategories including Functional Projects.

Third Level:

  • Categorization Help -- under WikiTree Help and under Categorization. Has 21 subcontracts, including many non-English 1st order Category Categories.
  • Functional Projects -- under Projects
  • Categorization Project -- under Projects; also under Categorization Help and Functional Projects. Has 2 subcategories including Disambiguation and Test.

Fourth Level:

  • Category FAQ -- under Categorization Help and Categorization
  • Cemetery Formatting -- under Categorization Help and Cemeteries
  • Category Names -- Under Categorization Help, Styles and Standards, Categorization Projectand Categorization
  • Indonesia Category Conventions -- under Categorization Help, Indonesia Project, Indonesia and Categorization
  • Category Religious Professionals Formatting -- under Categorization Help, Categories, Religious Professionalsand Categorization

Trevelyan

John 1 and Elizabeth Whalesborough

"This John Trevelyan was descended from a family who had been for many ages of the most eminent rank among the gentlemen of that part of England, which dignity he by no means tarnished. [1]

Sheriff of Cornwall: 27(1448/9) and 38 Henry VI.('1459/60) he was sheriff of Cornwall, and 31 Henry VI. (1452/53 )was returned one of the knights for Cornwall in the parliament held at Reading. [1]

Knight of the Bath: 7 Henry VII(1491/2). he was created a knight of the Bath at the marriage of Prince Arthur. [1]

He died 8 Henry VII.(1492/3) leaving issue by the above mentioned Elizabeth (Whalesborough) his wife, John his heir and successor at Nettlecombe , Thomas, George, chaplain to King Henry VIII. and Humphrey.[1]

Death

'From John Trevelyan (d. 1492) the manor descended in the direct male line through Sir John (d. 1521), John (d. 1546), (fn. 57) John (d. 1563), and John (d. 1577) to John Trevelyan (d. 1623). (fn. 58) The last named was succeeded by his grandson George Trevelyan, a minor' [2]

Inquisitions Post Mortem=

part 1 has inquisitions post mortem on John T Esq 1493, Sir John 1522 and John T Esq in 1547 [3]

John 2 and Jane halywell=

John his eldest son married Jane daughter of Sir John Halywell, knt. an eminent partizan of the House of Lancastor and died 13 Henry VIII.(1521/2) leaving issue another John[1]

Death

'From John Trevelyan (d. 1492) the manor descended in the direct male line through Sir John (d. 1521), John (d. 1546), (fn. 57) John (d. 1563), and John (d. 1577) to John Trevelyan (d. 1623). (fn. 58) The last named was succeeded by his grandson George Trevelyan, a minor' [2]

John 3 and Avice Cockworthy

John, who married Avice, daughter and heir of Nicholas Cockworthy, of Great Yarnscombe in the county of Devon, descendants and heirs of the noble families of Champeron and Valletorte, and by them of Edmund earl of Cornwall. By the said Avice he had several children, of whom[1]

Death

'From John Trevelyan (d. 1492) the manor descended in the direct male line through Sir John (d. 1521), John (d. 1546), (fn. 57) John (d. 1563), and John (d. 1577) to John Trevelyan (d. 1623). (fn. 58) The last named was succeeded by his grandson George Trevelyan, a minor' [2]

Inquisitions Post Mortem=

part 1 has inquisitions post mortem on John T Esq 1493, Sir John 1522 and John T Esq in 1547 [3]


John 4 and Maud Hill

John the eldest married Maud daughter of Giles Hill, of Honiton esq. and was father of a fifth John Tre3velyan, who married Wilmot, daughter of John Harris.[1]

Death

'From John Trevelyan (d. 1492) the manor descended in the direct male line through Sir John (d. 1521), John (d. 1546), (fn. 57) John (d. 1563), and John (d. 1577) to John Trevelyan (d. 1623). (fn. 58) The last named was succeeded by his grandson George Trevelyan, a minor' [2]

Inquisitions Post Mortem=

part 1 has inquisitions post mortem on John T Esq 1493, Sir John 1522 and John T Esq in 1547 [3]

Wills=

Wills for

part 11 contains 2 John Trevelyan wills dated 1550 and 1558 plus some marriage contracts [4]

John 5 m. Wilmot Harris

fifth John Trevelyan, who married Wilmot daughter of John Harris, sergeant at law, of Hayne in the county of Devon. Had son and heir John Trevelyan, son and heir[1]

Death

'From John Trevelyan (d. 1492) the manor descended in the direct male line through Sir John (d. 1521), John (d. 1546), (fn. 57) John (d. 1563), and John (d. 1577) to John Trevelyan (d. 1623). (fn. 58) The last named was succeeded by his grandson George Trevelyan, a minor' [2]

Wills=

Wills for

part 11 contains 2 John Trevelyan wills dated 1550 and 1558 plus some marriage contracts [4]

John 6 and Urith Chichester

John Trevelyan, son and heir of the last-mentioned John, married, in 1561, Urith daughter of Sir John Chichestor, of Raleigh in the county of Devon, knt. This John rebuilt the house at Nettlecombe, and 16 James I. was high-sheriff of the county.(1618/19)[1]

Death

'From John Trevelyan (d. 1492) the manor descended in the direct male line through Sir John (d. 1521), John (d. 1546), (fn. 57) John (d. 1563), and John (d. 1577) to John Trevelyan (d. 1623). (fn. 58) The last named was succeeded by his grandson George Trevelyan, a minor' [2]


He died in 1623, and was succeeded by his son and heir John Trevelyan, the seventh of that name. [1]

Birth Estimation. If married 1561 at age 21, born say 1540.

John 7

John Trevelyan, the seventh of that name….." (pleased to see he was followed by a George.NB I inserted the dates in brackets using a regnal year calculator )

Death

'From John Trevelyan (d. 1492) the manor descended in the direct male line through Sir John (d. 1521), John (d. 1546), (fn. 57) John (d. 1563), and John (d. 1577) to John Trevelyan (d. 1623). (fn. 58) The last named was succeeded by his grandson George Trevelyan, a minor' [2]



Welsh Ancestry: Llywelyn ap Iorwerth

Parentage

LLYWELYN ap Iorwerth, son of IORWERTH "Drwyndwyn/flat nose" Prince of Gwynedd & his wife Marared of Powys (1173-11 Apr 1240[265], bur Aberconway). [5]

1194 Succession

He succeeded in 1194 as LLYWELYN "Fawr/the Great" Prince of Gwynedd, Prince of All Wales. The Annales Cambriæ name "Lewelinus filius Gervasii filii Owini Guynet…princeps Walliæ"[266]. [5]

First Marriage to Unknown

m firstly ---. [5]

===1205 Second Marriage to Joan===

m secondly (after 16 Apr 1205) JOAN [of England], illegitimate daughter of JOHN King of England & his mistress Clementia Pinel (-30 Mar 1237). [5]

King John confirmed "castrum de Ellesmara" to "Lewelino principi Norwallie in maritagium cum Johanna filia nostra" by charter dated 16 Apr 1205[269]. [5]

Her husband sent her to make peace with the king her father in 1211 when the latter was attacking North Wales. She was legitimated in 1226: Pope Honorius III gave dispensation to “Joan wife of Leuwelin prince of North Wales, daughter of king John declaring her legitimate, but without prejudice to the king or realm of England”, dated 29 Apr 1226[270]. [5]

She and her son David did homage to King Henry III in 1229[271]. [5]

The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "William Bruse was hanged by Llywelyn son of Iorewerth, having been caught in the chamber of the prince with the princess Jannet, daughter of King John and wife of the prince" in 1230[272]. [5]

The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1237 of "domina Johanna filia regis Angliæ et uxor Lewilini principis Walliæ" and her burial "apud Haber"[273]. [5]

The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death “III Kal Apr” in 1236 of “domina Johanna Walliæ, uxor Lewelini, filia regis Johannis et reginæ Clemenciæ”[274]. [5]

The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Dame Joan daughter of king John and the wife of Llywelyn son of Iorwerth" died in Feb 1237 "at the court of Aber and was buried in a new cemetery on the side of the strand which Howel bishop of Llanelwy had consecrated"[275]. [5]

1239 Third Marriage to Eva Fitzwaren

m thirdly (1239) EVA, daughter of FULK FitzWarin [IV] & his [second] wife Constance de Tosny. [5]

The Annales Cestrienses record in 1239 that “Lewelinus princeps Wallie” married “filiam Fulconis filii Warini”[276]. [5]

The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records that "Lowis le prince de Walys" married "sire Fouke…Eve sa file" after the death of his first wife "dame Johane…que fust la file le roi Henre de Engleterre"[277]. [5]



Six Other Mistresses

Mistresses (2): - (7): ---. The names of the other mistresses of Prince Llywelyn are not known. [5]



1240 Death at Aberconway

The Annales Londonienses record the death "Id Apr" in 1240 of "Lewelinus princeps Norwalliæ"[267]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Llywelyn son of Iorwerth prince of Wales died…and was buried at Aberconway" in 1240[268]. [5]

1208 Llywelyn's Issue

Three children were born to LLywelyn by his wife Joan beginning in 1208. [5] Prince Llywelyn had one illegitimate son Tangwystl and five illegitimate children by other mistresses

  1. Gruffydd, born before 1205 to Llytwelyn and his mistress Tangwystl, died at the Tower of London 1 Mar 1244. Called "frater primogenitus" of David by Matthew of Paris, when he records that Gruffydd consented to his brother's succession on the death of their father[293]. Lord of Lleyn. He was captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London, dying in an escape attempt[294]. [5][6]
  1. Dafydd, born 1208 to Llywelyn and his wife Joan, died 25 Feb 1246. bur Aberconway). Son of Llywelyn according to Matthew of Paris[278]. The Annales Cambriæ name "David filius eius [Lewelini] de Johanna filia Johannis regis Angliæ"[279]. Henry III King of England granted protection to "nepotem nostrum David filium…L. principis Norwallie" dated [May] 1229[280]. Henry III King of England granted safe passage to "David filium L. principis Norwallier in veniendo ad regem ad faciendum ei homagium suum, et sororem ipsius David" dated 5 Sep 1229[281]. He succeeded his father in 1240 as DAFYDD II Prince of Wales. The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1246 of "David filius Lewelini apud Aber" and his burial "apud Aberconuy"[282]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "David son of Llywelyn died at Aber in the month of March and was buried with his father at Aberconway" in 1246[283]. The Annales Cestrienses record the death “V Kal Mar” 1246 of “David fil. Lewelini princeps Wallie” and his burial “apud Abercon juxta patrem suum”[284]. m (1230) ISABEL de Briouse, daughter of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife Eva Marshal of the Earls of Pembroke (-1248). A letter from "L. princeps de Aberfrau, dominus Snauedoniæ" to "E. de Braus", dated [May] 1230, enquires whether she wishes the proposed marriage between "David filium nostrum et I. filiam vestram" to take place[285]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Isabella, Matildis, Eva et Alianora” as the four daughters of “Willielmus de Brews quartus” and his wife “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”, adding that Isabel married “David filio Lewelini principis Walliæ”[286]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmus de Brause…filiam suam” married “Leulino…filio”, with as her dowry “castello de Boet”, which reverted to her family after her husband died[287]. [5][6]
  1. Helen, born to Llywelyn and his wife Joan, born after 1208, died before 24 October 1253. The Annales Cestrienses record in 1222 that “Johannes filius comitis David” married “filiam Lewelini” in accordance with the agreement between him and “comitem Cestrie”[288]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Johannes comes Cestriæ” died in 1237 and “eius uxor…filia Lewelini” married “Roberto [de Quinci]” against her father´s wishes[289]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. Matthew of Paris records that it was suspected that his wife "filia Leolini" poisoned John “the Scot”[290]. A writ after the death of "Eleanor, sometime the wife of John Earl of Chester", dated "the eve of St Martin 38 Hen III", records the "partition of her lands between Si J. de Bayllol, Robert de Brus, and Henry de Hasting, the heirs of the said earl"[291]. m firstly ([1222]) JOHN "the Scot" Earl of Huntingdon, son of JOHN of Scotland Earl of Huntingdon & his wife Matilda of Chester ([1207]-Darnal [5/7] Jun 1237, bur Chester St Werburg). He was created Earl of Chester 21 Nov 1232. m secondly (1237 before 5 Dec) ROBERT de Quincy, son of SAHER Earl of Winchester & his wife Margaret of Leicester (-Aug 1257). [5][6]
  1. Susanna, born 1216 or 1221 to Llywelyn and his wife Joan, died after 24 Nov 1228). Henry III King of England granted the upbringing of "L. princeps Norwallie et Johanna uxor sua et…soror nostra Susannam filiam suam" to "Nicholao de Verdun et Clementie uxori sue" by order dated 24 Nov 1228[292]. Her birth date is estimated on the assumption that Susanna was under marriageable age, but older than an infant, at the time. [5][6]



  1. Gwenllian, birth date unknown, born to Llywelyn and a mistress other than Langwystl. In his report to King Henry dated 5 Aug 1224 following the capture of castle Trum, William Marshall Earl of Pembroke records that "the wife of William de Lascy, the daughter of Llewllyn, Griffin´s sister, the wife of Thomas Blund, William´s brother, and the mother of William, of Thomas, and of him that was killed" were in the castle[295]. m WILLIAM de Lacy, son of HUGH de Lacy & his second wife Rose --- (-killed in battle Monach-cranncain 1233). [5][6]
  1. Gwladus Ddu ("the Black"), birth date unknown, born to llywelyn and a mistress other than Langwystl, died in Windsor in 1251. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Reginaldus frater eius” (referring to “Ægidius Herefordensis episcopus”) married “Leulini Regis Walliæ…filiam” in 1216[296]. Henry III King of England granted protection to "Gwladosa filia…[L.] principis [Norwallie] que fuit uxor Reginaldi de Brausa" dated [May] 1229, issued at the same time as letters of protection to her brother David[297]. Henry III King of England granted safe passage to "David filium L. principis Norwallier in veniendo ad regem ad faciendum ei homagium suum, et sororem ipsius David" dated 5 Sep 1229[298]. It is likely that this unnamed sister of David was Gwladus, coming to England with her brother before her second marriage. The Annals of Worcester record that “Radulphus de Mortuomari” married “filiam Lewelini, conjugem quondam Reginaldi de Breusa” in 1230[299]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Wigmore Abbey records that “Radulphus” married “Lewelinus princeps…Gwladusam Duy filiam suam”, who brought her husband “omnibus terries de Kery et Kedewyn”[300]. The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1251 of "Gladus filia domini Lewelini" at Windsor[301]. m firstly ([1215/16]) as his second wife, REYNOLD de Briouse, son of WILLIAM [III] de Briouse & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Valéry Dame de la Haye (-[5 May 1227/9 Jun 1228]). He succeeded in 1215 as Lord of Abergavenny[302]. m secondly (1230) RALPH [II] de Mortimer of Wigmore, son of ROGER [III] de Mortimer & his [second] wife Isabel de Ferrers (-6 Aug 1246, bur Wigmore). [5][6]
  1. Margaret, birth date unknown, born to Llywelyn and a mistress other than Langwystl, died in or after 1272 and was buried in Acornbury Priory, Herefordshire. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "John de Bruse married Margaret the daughter of Llywelyn son of Iorwerth" in 1219[303]. "Katerina de Lacy filia Walteri de Lacy" donated land in Cofham, held by "domino Waltero de Clifford", to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire, for the souls of “fratris mei…et…dicti Walteri de Clifford et Margaretæ uxoris suæ et Margaretæ filiæ ipsius” by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Willielmo de Evereus, domino Rogero de Clifford, domino Ricardo Tirel, domino Roberto de Lacy, domino Willielmo de Rachesford…"[304]. "Walterus de Clifford filius Walteri de Clifford et Agnetis de Cundy" donated land in Cofham to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire, also donated by "Katherinæ filiæ Walteri de Lacy", for the souls of “Margaretæ uxoris meæ et dominæ Mathildis filiæ meæ” by undated charter[305]. "Margareta quondam uxor domini Walteri de Clifford" elected burial at Acornbury priory, Herefordshire by charter dated “tertia die dominica proxima ante festum sancti Thomæ apostoli” in 1260, witnessed by "…Henrico de Clifford…"[306]. m firstly (1219) JOHN de Briouse Lord of Bramber and Gower, son of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife --- (-1232). m secondly WALTER [III] de Clifford of Clifford Castle, Herefordshire, son of WALTER [II] de Clifford & his wife Agnes de Cundy (-Dec 1263). [5]
  1. Angharad, birth year unknown, born to llywelyn and a mistress other than Langwystle, married MAELGWN ap Maelgwn "Fychan" Lord of Ceredigion [Cardigan], son of MAELGWN ap Rhys Lord of Ceredigion & his wife --- (-1257).
  1. Helen, born before 1230 to Llywelyn and a mistress other than Langwystle. Died after 16 Feb 1295). John of Fordun´s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1228 of "Malcolmus comes de Fyfe" and the succession of "Malcolmus nepos eius, filius…fratris eius", adding that the latter later married "filiam Leulini regis Walliæ"[307]. The Chronicle of Melrose records the death in 1230 of "Malcolm earl of Fife" and the succession of "his nephew Malcolm, the son of his brother", adding that the latter "afterwards married the daughter of Leulin"[308]. The Chronicle of Lanercost records the death in 1229 of "comes de Fif, Malcolmus", the succession of "nepos eiusdem…Malcolmus", adding that the latter married "filia Leulini senioris domini Walliæ"[309]. The last source is the only one of the three which does not state that the new earl´s marriage was later than his succession. Her birth date is estimated on her having given birth to her known son in [1244/46], which suggests that the couple married at least ten years after Malcolm became earl. It is assumed that she was illegitimate. If she had been her father´s legitimate daughter, the absence in the sources of any reference to her descent from John King of England would be surprising. The second marriage of the widow of Malcolm Earl of Fife is confirmed by the documents under which "Elenæ comitissæ de Marre" accounted for payment of "xl s pro parte dotis suæ" in the accounts of lands formerly belonging to Duncan Earl of Fife 20 Nov 1293 and 16 Feb 1294[310]. However, it is not certain that this widow of Earl Malcolm was the same person as his wife who was the daughter of Prince Llywelyn. The birth of Earl Malcolm´s son Colban is estimated to [1244/46]. However, Earl Malcolm´s widow had four known children by her second husband. This would mean that she gave birth to children over an approximately thirty year span, which although not impossible would be unusual. In addition, it seems unlikely that Earl Donald would have married, as his first marriage, a woman who would have been more than 35 years old. m [firstly] [as his first wife,] MALCOLM Earl of Fife, son of DUNCAN Macduff of Fife & his wife Alice Corbet (-1266). [m secondly (after 1266) DONALD Earl of Mar, son of WILLIAM Earl of Mar & his first wife Elizabeth Comyn of Buchan (-after 25 Jul 1297).][5]

Discussion of Llywelyn's additional wives by Douglas Richardson and others. http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/GEN-MEDIEVAL/1999-09/0937926116


Children in WikiTree

  1. Susanna, ND ch L&J
  2. Margaret, ND ch of L and possible earlier wife. Married 1219 John Braose de Brewes, m. 1234 Walter lifford de Clifford d 1268.
  3. Gwennlia, b. 1196 L&J m. William de Lacy
  4. Gwladys, b. 1205 L&J m. Braose & Mortimer
  5. Helen II, b. 1206 L&J m. Rhys ap Dafydd d. 1253
  6. Elen, 1206 m. Huntington & Quincy Issue: Quincy
  7. Helen Fawr, (Elen) b. 1207 L&J, NS, NC, d. 1283
  8. Gruffydd, b. 1207 L& Tangwystl, m. Senena. ch. d. 1244
  9. Tegwared, b. 1210 NS NC
  10. Angharad, b. 1212 L&J
  11. Dafydd, b. Mar 1212 L&J m. Isabella Braose NC d 1246
  12. Agatha,b. 1214 L&J, d. 1217, NS NC
  13. Tegwared, b. 1235 L&J d. 1285, m. Angharad, father of Angharad



Preceded by
Gwenwynwyn ab Owain
Prince of Powys Wenwynwyn
1216–1240
Succeeded by
Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn
Preceded by
Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd
Prince of Gwynedd
1195–1240
Succeeded by
Dafydd ap Llywelyn

European Aristocracy
... ... ... was a member of royalty, nobility or aristocracy in Wales in the Middle Ages.
Join: Cymru Welsh Royals and Aristocrats 742-1535 Project
Discuss: CYMRU

Llywelyn ap Iorwerth ~ Llywelyn Fawr (the Great)

Llywelyn ap Iorwerth Drwyndwn ab Owain Gwynedd ap Gruffudd ap Cynan[7]
Llywelyn Fawr,[8] Prince of Gwynedd (1195–1240[9]) in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales,[10] was also called
  • Llywelyn I of Wales (Welsh: Cymru)[11]
  • Llywelyn of Cymru, of Gwynedd, of Powys Wenwynwyn[citation needed]
  • Prince of Wales[12] (1218–1240)
  • Prince of North Wales[13]
  • Prince of Powys Wenwynwyn (1216–1240)[citation needed]
  • Prince of Aberffraw[13] (1230[9])
  • Lord of Snowdon[13] (1230[9])

Vitals

Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (1173–Apr 11, 1240)[13]

Born 1173,[13] Aberffraw Castle[citation needed] or Dolwyddelan Castle, "traditionally the birthplace of Llywelyn ap Iorwerth"[14][15][16][17]
Parents — son and heir of Iorwerth Drwyndwn ab Owain[13] Gwynedd (of Gwynedd)[7] and his wife Marared ferch Madog[13][7][18] (married about 1163[19])
Wives & Mistresses — Llywelyn married three[5] or four times and had numerous mistresses.[13]
Wives:
  • unknown 1st wife[5] (or 2 wives before Joan[13][20])
    • (Miss) of Chester, daughter of Hugh de Meschines, 6th Earl of Chester, Viscount d'Avranches, Seigneur de St. Sever & Briquessart and Bertrade de Montfort, circa 1196; No issue.[21]
    • _____, "widow of his uncle, Rhodri ab Owain (died 1195), and daughter of Reynold (or Rognvaldr), King of Man. Pope Innocent III officially granted permission for him to marry this woman 19 April 1203, which permission was formally rescinded 17 Feb. 1204/5. It is unknown if this marriage took place."[13][22]
  • Joan FitzJohn (c.1188–1236/37), daughter of King John I of England; married in England about 1205 (settlement dated October 1204,[13] before 23 March 1204/5,[13] after 16 April 1205,[5] 18 June 1205, Ascensiontide (mid-May) 1206[23])
  • Eva FitzWarin, daughter of Fulk FitzWarin[13] (by his first wife[13] or his second[5]), married Llywelyn in 1239 (no issue)[13]
Mistresses: Llywelyn is said to have had seven mistresses, but the name of only one is known:[5]

Children of Llywelyn[24]
  • Gruffudd ap Llywelyn,[5][13][7][25] born circa.1199, died 1244
  • Gwladys Ddu ferch Llywelyn,[5][13][7][25] born circa.1206, died 1251
  • Ellen[13] (Helen,[5] Elen[7][25]) ferch Llywelyn, born circa 1206? died circa 1253
  • Margred[7][25] (Margaret[5][13]) ferch Llywelyn, born circa 1208? died circa 1263
  • Dafydd ap Llywelyn,[5][13][7] Prince of Wales, born circa 1208 (1211?) (doubts about this date, see later), died 25 February 1246
  • Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn,[5][13][7][25] born circa 1209 died 1281
  • Angharad ferch Llywelyn,[5][13][7][25] born circa 1210, died 1257
  • Tegwared ap Llywelyn,[13][7][25] born circa 1210, possible twin to Angharad?
  • Helen,[5] or Susanna,[5][13] born circa 1214? Died 1259? (_____, wife of Malcolm of Fife,[13] Helen married Malcolm of Fife,[5] Elen married Malcolm Macduff, 7th Earl of Fife[25])
  • _____, married William Caention[26]
  • (a second) Angharad, married Philip ab Ifor[26]
Llywelyn died 11 April 1240[13] at the Cisterician Abbey of Aberconwy, Arllechwedd Isaf, Caernarvonshire, Wales, where he had "taken on the habit of religion."[27] He is buried at Aberconwy Abbey.[13]
"Princess Joan died in 1237 at Garth Celyn and Llywelyn suffered a paralytic stroke later in the same year. He died at the Cistercian Abbey of Aberconwy, his own foundation, on 11th April, 1240 and was buried there. His stone coffin was later removed to the parish church of Llanwrst, where it can still be seen."[28]

Biography

statue of Llywelyn the Great
Photograph by Rhion Pritchard, Wikimedia

"Llywelyn spent most of his life restoring and enhancing the hegemony of his grandfather Owain Gwynedd. A striking youth and a successful warrior at an early age, he acquired (from 1194) lands at the expense of his kinsmen, enabling him to master Gwynedd by 1203. Good relations with King John brought recognition and his marriage to John's natural daughter Joan."[9]

Caption: Statue of Llywelyn the Great at Conwy stands atop a drinking fountain. The work of art was designed by Grayson and Ould during 1895–98, sculpted by E.O. Griffiths, and unveiled in 1898.[29]

See this page for another picture of his statue in Conwy's town square and this article about the carved stone head from Deganwy Castle which is thought to represent Llywelyn ap Iorwerth. See also Castles of Llywelyn Fawr.

Residence

  • Dolwyddelan castle: built by Llywelyn; old castle nearby may have been his birthplace.
  • Llywelyn's main home and court throughout his reign was at Garth Celyn on the north coast of Gwynedd.

Reign

1197:

"After the death of the lord Rhys, his son Gruffudd succeeded him in the government of the dominion, which was held by Maelgwn his brother, when the said Maelgwn, after being banished before from his territory, came, accompanied by his men, and also by the family of Gwenwynwyn, to Aberystwyth, and subjugated the town and castle, killing many of the people, and carrying others into bondage, and taking possession of the whole of Ceredigion with its castles. And after seizing his brother Gruffudd, he sent him to the prison of Gwenwynwyn, who agreeably to his desire sent him to an English prison. And then Gwenwynwyn subjugated Arwystli, and captured Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth and David son of Owain Gwynedd. That year, Owain Cyveiliog died at Ystrad Harebell, the monastery which he himself had founded after putting on the habit of religion."[30]

1199: captured castle of Mold ... using title "prince of the whole of North Wales"; (Latin: tocius norwallie princeps). Llywelyn was probably not in fact master of all Gwynedd at this time since it was his cousin Gruffudd ap Cynan who promised homage to King John for Gwynedd in 1199.[10]

1201

"The ensuing year, Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, subdued the cantrev of Lleyn, having expelled Maredudd, son of Cynan, on account of his treachery."[1]

1202

"about the first feast of St. Mary in the autumn, Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, raised an army from Powys, to control Gwenwynwyn, and possess the country. Although Gwenwynwyn was close to him, ... he called ... the other princes ... related to him, to ... war ... against Gwenwynwyn. ... Elise, son of Madog, son of Maredudd ... refused ... and ... endeavoured to bring ... peace with Gwenwynwyn. And therefore, after the clergy and the religious had concluded a peace between Gwenwynwyn and Llywelyn], the territory of Elise, son of Madog, his uncle was taken from him. And ultimately there was given him for maintenance, in charity, the castle of Crogen with seven small townships. And thus, after conquering the castle of Bala, Llywelyn returned back happily. That year, about the feast of St. Michael, the family of young Rhys, son of Gruffudd, son of the lord Rhys, obtained possession of the castle of Llanymddyvri.[30]

1203

"The ensuing year, young Rhys, son of Gruffudd subdued the castle of Llanegwad. And then died David, son of Owain, in England, after having been banished out of Wales by Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth. That year Gwenwynwyn, and Maelgwn, son of Rhys, by devices got possession of the castle of Llanymddyvri, and the castle of Llangadog; and the castle of Dineirth was completed."[30]

1208

"Rhys and Owain, sons of Gruffudd, attacked the castle of Llangadog, which they burned, killing some of the garrison, and imprisoning others."[30]
Gwenwynwyn of Powys fell out with King John (John summoned him to Shrewsbury in October ... then arrested ... and stripped him of his lands. Llywelyn annexed southern Powys and northern Ceredigion and rebuild Aberystwyth castle.)[2]

Summer 1209: accompanied John on a campaign against William I of Scotland.

1209.

"King John went with an immense army into Ireland; and he took from the sons of Hugh de Lacy their land and their a castles. After receiving homage of all in Ireland, and capturing the wife of William Bruse, and young William, his son, with his wife and his son and daughter, he returned with honour to England. He then put young William and his mother unmercifully to death in the castle of Windsor. That year, the earl of Caerleon built the castle of Dyganwy, which Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, had previously demolished, for fear of the king. And then also, that earl built the castle of Holywell; and Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, ravaged the territory of that earl."

1210

"One thousand two hundred and ten was the year of Christ, when Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, made cruel attacks upon the English; and on that account king John became enraged, and formed a design of entirely divesting Llywelyn of his dominion. And he collected a vast army towards Gwynedd, with the view of utterly destroying it."[30]

1211

"The ensuing year, as Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, prince of Gwynedd, could not brook the many insults done to him by the men of the king, who had been left in the new castle at Aberconway he confederated with the Welsh princes, namely, Gwenwynwyn, and Maelgwn, son of Rhys, and Madog, son of Gruffudd Maelor, and Maredudd, son of Robert; and rose against the king, subduing all the castles which he had made in Gwynedd, except Dyganwy and Rhuddlan; Mathraval, in Powys, made by Robert Vepont, they subdued, and whilst they were reducing that, the king, with a vast army, came to oppose them, and he himself burned it with fire. That year, Robert Vepont hanged, at Shrewsbury, Rhys, son of Maelgwn, who was a hostage to the king, not being yet seven years old. And in the same year, Robert, bishop of Bangor, died."[30]

1215

"Then Giles, bishop of Hereford, made peace with the king, from fear of the pope; ... and he died at Gloucester, about the feast of St. Martin; and his patrimony came to his brother Rheinallt de Bruse, who took for his wife the (Gladwys), daughter of Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, prince of Gwynedd. ...That year, Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, and the Welsh princes in general, collected a vast army to Caermarthen; and before the end of five days, he obtained the castle, and razed it to the ground. And then they demolished the castles of Llanstephan and Talacharn and St. Clare. And from thence, on the eve of the feast of St. Thomas the Apostle, they proceeded to Ceredigion, and fought against the castle of Emlyn. Then the men of Cemaes did homage to Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, and the castle of Trevdraeth was delivered to him; which, by general consent, was shattered. And when the garrison of Aberystwyth saw that they could not maintain the castle, they delivered it up to Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, on the feast of St. Stephen; and the following day, the feast of St. John the Apostle, the castle of Cilgerran was delivered to bim. And then Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, and all the Welsh princew that were with him, returned to their countries, happy and joyful with victory. And here are the names of the princes who were on that expedition from Gwynedd:— Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, prince of Gwynedd, and Howel, son of Gruffudd, son of Cynan, his uncle, and Llywelyn, son of Maredudd, son of Cynan; out of Powys, Gwenwynwyn, son of Owain Cyveiliog, and Maredudd, son of Robert of Cydewain, and the family of Madog, son of Gruffudd Madog, and the two sons of Maelgwn, son of Cadwallon; and out of South Wales, Maelgwn, son of Rhys, and Rhys the Hoarse, his brother, and young Rhys, and Owain, the sons of Gruffudd, son of Rhys. And these are the names of the castles which were subjugated in that expedition; that is to say, the castle of Senghenydd, the castle of Cydweli, Caermarthen, Llanstephan, St. Clare, Talacharn, Trevdraeth, Aberteivi, and Cilgerran."[30]

Llywelyn allied with Philip II Augustus of France, then with the barons rebelling against John, marching on Shrewsbury and capturing it without resistance in 1215.

When John was forced to sign Magna Carta, Llywelyn was rewarded with several favorable provisions relating to Wales, including the release of his son Gruffydd, a hostage since 1211. The same year Ednyfed Fychan was appointed sensechal of Gwynedd and was to work closely with Llywelyn for the remainder of his reign. Llywelyn the Great


1216

A year after that and then there was a partition of land between Maelgwn, son of Rhys, and his brother, Rhys the Hoarse, and Rhys and Owain, the sons of Gruffudd, son of Rhys, at Aberdovey, in the presence of Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, when all the Welsh princes, for the most part and all the wise men of Gwynedd were summoned thither together. And to Maelgwn, son of Rhys, were allotted three cantrevs of Dyved, that is to say, the cantrev of Gwarthav, the cantrev of Cemaes, and the cantrev of Emlyn, with Penllwynog and the castle of Cilgerran; and of the Vale of Tywi, the castle of Llanymddyvri, with two comots, namely, Hirvryn and Mallaen, and the manor of Myddvai; and of Ceredigion, the two comots of Gwynionydd and Mabwynion. And to young Rhys, and his brother Owain, the sons of Gruffudd, son of Rhys, were allotted the castle of Aberteivi, and the castle of Nant yr Ariant, with throe cantrevs of Ceredigion. And to Rhys the Hoarse were allotted, as his share the whole of Cantrev Mawr, except Mallaen, and the Cantrev Bychan, except Hirvryn and Myddvai; and to him likewise came Cydweli and Carnwyllon. In that year, Gwenwynwyn, lord of Powys, made peace with John, king of England, treating with contempt the oath and the engagement which he had plighted to the chieftains of England and Wales, and violating the homage which he had done to Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, and surrendering the hostages that he had given thereon."[3]


1217:

Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny, who had been allied to Llywelyn and married his daughter Gwladus Ddu changed sides. Llywelyn responded by invading his lands, first threatening Brecon, where the burgesses offered hostages for the payment of 100 marks, then heading for Swansea where Reginald de Braose met him to offer submission and to surrender the town. He then continued westwards to threaten Haverfordwest where the burgesses offered hostages for their submission to his rule or the payment of a fine of 1,000 marks.
Treaty of Worcester and border campaigns 1218–1229

Following King John's death Llywelyn concluded the Treaty of Worcester with his successor Henry III in 1218. This treaty confirmed him in possession of all his recent conquests. From then until his death Llywelyn was the dominant force in Wales, though there were further outbreaks of hostilities with marcher lords, particularly the Marshall family and Hubert de Burgh, and sometimes with the king. Llywelyn built up marriage alliances with several of the Marcher families.[4]


1220

"That year, on the feast of S. Jean de Collaces next after that Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, cited to him most of the princes of all Wales, and collected a vast army to go against the Flemings of Rhos and Pembroke (William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke), because of their breaking the peace and the treaty, which the men of England had made between the English and the Welsh, by their committing frequent depredations upon the Welsh, and harrassing them. On the first day he attacked the castle of Arberth, which the Flemings had built, after having been formerly destroyed by the Welsh; and he obtained the castle by force, and threw it to the ground, after killing some of the garrison, burning others, and capturing others. And the following day he destroyed the castle of Gwys, and burned the town. The third day he came to Haverford, and burned the whole of the town to the castle gate. And thus he went round Rhos and Deugleddyv in five days, making vast slaughter of the people of the country. And after making a truce with the Flemings until the calends of May, he returned back joyful and happy."[30]


Early 1223: Llywelyn captured Kinnerley and Whittington castles in Shropshire. In April, Marshalls recaptured Cardigan and Carmarthen. Their campaign was supported by a royal army that took Montgomery. Llywelyn came to an agreement with the king at Montgomery in October. His allies in south Wales were given back lands taken by the Marshalls, and Llywelyn gave up Shropshire conquests.

1228: Llywelyn campaigned against Hubert de Burgh, Justiciar of England and Ireland, and one of the most powerful men in the kingdom. Hubert was given the lordship and castle of Montgomery by the king and encroached on Llywelyn's nearby lands. The king raised an army to help Hubert, who began to build another castle in the commote of Ceri. But in October, the royal army retreated and Henry agreed to destroy the half-built castle for £2,000 from Llywelyn. Llywelyn raised the money by demanding the same sum as the ransom of William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny, who he captured in the fighting.[31]

1205 Marriage to Joan and Issue

m. 18 Jun 1205 England; (Aft 16 Apr 1205) Joan (c.1188 - 1236/37), dau of King John I of England and Agatha de Ferrers (or Clemence, the wife of Henry Pinel). Issue:

  1. Helen ferch Llywellyn of Caernarvon (c. 1214)
  2. Elen (Helen) verch Llywellyn of Caernarvon, (c.1206 -before 24 Oct. 1253) of Chester. m.1 abt 1222 John de Scotia, Earl of Chester, m.2 Robert de Quincy
  3. ANGHARAD Verch Llywellyn (c.1212)
  4. DAFYDD ap Llywellyn (c.1209 - Mar 1246)
  5. Margaret ferch Llywelyn (c.1230 - aft 1263 Clifford Castle, Herefordshire). m.1 John de Braose; m.2 Walter de Clifford c.1232
  6. Gwenllian "LAS" Verch Llywellyn Of Caernarvon, b. circa 1207.
  7. Gwladus dhu (d.1251) m. Reginald de Braose of Brecon and Abergavenny[32], m. 2nd (1230) Ralph de Mortimer.

Mistresses and Issue

The mother of most of Llywelyn's illegitimate children is assumed to be his mistress, Tangwystl Goch (c.1168-1198).

Issue:

  1. Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c.1196-1244) eldest son. Mother: Tangwystl. m. Senena, Dau. Caradoc ap Thomas of Anglesey. Issue: 4 sons:
    1. Llywelyn ap Gruffydd.
  2. Tegwared ap Llywelyn[33]
  3. Marared ferch Llywelyn (c.1198-after 1263) m.1John de Braose of Gower, nephew of Reginald de Braose; m.2 Walter Clifford of Bronllys and Clifford.
  4. Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn m. William de Lacey
  5. Angharad ferch Llywelyn, Angharad may have been Joan's dau. Her illegitimacy is uncertain. See Wikipedia: Angharad ferch Llywelyn m. Maelgwn Fychan

Marital problems

1230 William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny, was executed for sleeping with Llywelyn's wife. They were caught in Llwelyn's bedroom.[30][34]

Previously ... Braose allied with Llywelyn during his capture, and arranged a marriage between his daughter Isabella and Llywelyn's heir, Dafydd ap Llywelyn. This was upheld after his execution. Shortly after Braose' death, a letter from Llywelyn to William's wife, Eva asks if she still wants their kid's wedding to take place ... which did happen. Meanwhile, Joan was put on house arrest, but restored to her the next year.[5]

Death of Spouse

1237: Joan died, "in February, at the court of Aber, and was buried in a new cemetery on the side of the strand ... Howel, bishop of Llanelwy, had consecrated. And in honour of her, Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, built there a monastery for barefooted monks, which is called Llanvaes in Mona. And then Ieuan, earl of Caerleon, and Cynvrig, son of the lord Rhys, died. That year, there came again a cardinal from Rome to England, sent, as his legate, by pope Gregory the ninth."[30]

Strata Florida Abbey — council of 1238 & son Dafydd

1238

"The ensuing year, on the morrow after the feast of St. Luke the Evangelist [Oct. 19], all the princes of Wales sware fidelity to David, son of Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, at Strata Florida. And then he took, from his brother Gruffudd, Arwystli and Ceri and Cyveiliog and Mawddwy and Mochnant and Caereinion; leaving to him nothing but the cantrev of Lleyn itself. And then Maredudd, son of Madog, son of Gruffudd Maelor, slew his brother Gruffudd; and immediately Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, divested him of his territory on that account."[30]

Death

1240:

"Llywelyn, son of Iorwerth, prince of Wales, died ... and was buried at Aberconway, after taking the habit of religion. And after him David, his son, by Joan, the daughter of king John ... reigned. The month of May following, David, son of Llywelyn, having with him the barons of Wales, went to Gloucester, to do homage to the king his uncle, and to receive from him his territory lawfully. And then the English sent Walter Marshall, and an army with him, to fortify Aberteivi."[30]

Burial of Llywelyn the Great

According to Lee (1893), Llywelyn died 11 April 1240 at the Cisterician Abbey of Aberconwy, Arllechwedd Isaf, Caernarvonshire, Wales, where he had "taken on the habit of religion." He is buried at the abbey.[27]

Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, Prince of Aberffraw, Lord of Snowdon, died at Aberconway Abbey 11 April 1240, where he was buried.[13]

He was later reburied at Llanrwst Parish Church. Gwydir Chapel next to the Church of St. Grwst in Llanrwst, Conway, Wales, contains the empty coffin of Llywelyn the Great. He was originally buried at Aberconwy Abbey, but his coffin was moved to the new abbey at Maenan when the Cistercian monks were forced to move there by Edward I.

The whereabouts of Llywelyn's corpse remains a mystery. (http;//www.walesdirectory.co.uk/Towns_in_Wales/Llanrwst_Town_2.htm)

Aberconway Abbey was also known as Aberconway Abbey Parish Church and is now known as St. Mary and All Saints Church, in Conwy, Conwy County, North Wales.

Notes on a Name

Why "ap Iorwerth-26" as the WikiTree ID? Richardson[13] and FMG/MedLands[5] both show him as Llywelyn ap Iorwerth; the Cymru project's naming guide calls for including ab, ap, or ferch in the Last Name at Birth (LNAB) field; and "ap" because of the way Iorwerth is pronounced:

Llywelyn ap Iorwerth
[ɬəˈwɛlɨ̞n][10] ap [ˈjɔrwɛrθ][35]
Children Himself Parents
ap Llywelyn & ferch Llywelyn
(see list above)
Llywelyn ap Iorwerth Iorwerth ab Owain ap Gruffudd
Margred ferch Madog ap Maredudd

ab, ap or ferch[36]

"Ferch" actually means "daughter of", so if a woman was named "Elen ferch Llywelyn ap Gwilym", this would mean that her name was Elen, her father's name was Llywelyn, and her father's father's name was Gwilym. Properly, none of these words, "ap", "ab", or "ferch", are capitalized.
The terms come from the fact that those are the words in the Welsh anguage which mean "son of" and "daughter of". Kind of like "filius" in Latin or "...sson" in Scandinavian languages.
The difference between "ap" and "ab" is the sound which follows it. We do the same in the English language with "a bicycle" and "an orange". The spelling and pronunciation of the indefinite article changes depending on whether it preceeds a vowel sound or a consonant sound.
In Welsh, "ap" comes before a consonant sound, thus "Einion ap Llywelyn", "Jenkin ap Gruffudd", "Llywarch ap Bran". "Ab", on the other hand, comes before a vowel sound, thus "Maredudd ab Einion", "Huw ab Owain". The reason I said "vowel sound" and not "vowel" is that in certain circumstances the initial letter "I" in Welsh can sound like a consonant. Thus "Rhys ap Iorwerth" and "Dafydd ap Ieuan". Kind of like in English where an initial "U" can sound like a consonant. We say "a university", not "an university".
As you would expect, not everybody knows enough Welsh to handle patronyms properly, so you'll find lots of variations in the forms, even among people who write on Welsh genealogies. But the above is the correct Welsh way of doing things.

What's in a name? The following "Meaning & History" information is from Behind the Name:

  • Iorwerth: Means "handsome lord" from Welsh ior "lord" and berth "handsome". This name is used in the Mabinogion, a collection of tales from Welsh myth, where it belongs to a son of Maredudd. This name is sometimes used as a Welsh form of Edward.
  • Llywelyn: Possibly a Welsh form of the old Celtic name Lugubelenus, a combination of the names of the gods LUGUS and BELENUS. Alternatively it may be derived from Welsh llyw "leader". This was the name of several Welsh rulers, notably the 13th-century Llywelyn the Great who fought against England.

BEGIN HIDDEN

To Review

Parentage

LLYWELYN ap Iorwerth, son of IORWERTH "Drwyndwyn/flat nose" Prince of Gwynedd & his wife Marared of Powys (1173-11 Apr 1240[265], bur Aberconway). [5]

1194 Succession

He succeeded in 1194 as LLYWELYN "Fawr/the Great" Prince of Gwynedd, Prince of All Wales. The Annales Cambriæ name "Lewelinus filius Gervasii filii Owini Guynet…princeps Walliæ"[266]. [5]

1240 Death at Aberconway

The Annales Londonienses record the death "Id Apr" in 1240 of "Lewelinus princeps Norwalliæ"[267]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Llywelyn son of Iorwerth prince of Wales died…and was buried at Aberconway" in 1240[268]. [5]

First Marriage to Unknown

m firstly ---. [5]

===1205 Second Marriage to Joan===

m secondly (after 16 Apr 1205) JOAN [of England], illegitimate daughter of JOHN King of England & his mistress Clementia Pinel (-30 Mar 1237). [5]

King John confirmed "castrum de Ellesmara" to "Lewelino principi Norwallie in maritagium cum Johanna filia nostra" by charter dated 16 Apr 1205[269]. [5]

Her husband sent her to make peace with the king her father in 1211 when the latter was attacking North Wales. She was legitimated in 1226: Pope Honorius III gave dispensation to “Joan wife of Leuwelin prince of North Wales, daughter of king John declaring her legitimate, but without prejudice to the king or realm of England”, dated 29 Apr 1226[270]. [5]

She and her son David did homage to King Henry III in 1229[271]. [5]

The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "William Bruse was hanged by Llywelyn son of Iorewerth, having been caught in the chamber of the prince with the princess Jannet, daughter of King John and wife of the prince" in 1230[272]. [5]

The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1237 of "domina Johanna filia regis Angliæ et uxor Lewilini principis Walliæ" and her burial "apud Haber"[273]. [5]

The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death “III Kal Apr” in 1236 of “domina Johanna Walliæ, uxor Lewelini, filia regis Johannis et reginæ Clemenciæ”[274]. [5]

The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Dame Joan daughter of king John and the wife of Llywelyn son of Iorwerth" died in Feb 1237 "at the court of Aber and was buried in a new cemetery on the side of the strand which Howel bishop of Llanelwy had consecrated"[275]. [5]

1208 Children of Llywelyn and Joan

Llywelyn and Joan's three children were born beginning 1208.[5]


Prince Llywelyn & his second wife had three children: 1. DAFYDD ([1208]-25 Feb 1246, bur Aberconway). Son of Llywelyn according to Matthew of Paris[278]. The Annales Cambriæ name "David filius eius [Lewelini] de Johanna filia Johannis regis Angliæ"[279]. Henry III King of England granted protection to "nepotem nostrum David filium…L. principis Norwallie" dated [May] 1229[280]. Henry III King of England granted safe passage to "David filium L. principis Norwallier in veniendo ad regem ad faciendum ei homagium suum, et sororem ipsius David" dated 5 Sep 1229[281]. He succeeded his father in 1240 as DAFYDD II Prince of Wales. The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1246 of "David filius Lewelini apud Aber" and his burial "apud Aberconuy"[282]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "David son of Llywelyn died at Aber in the month of March and was buried with his father at Aberconway" in 1246[283]. The Annales Cestrienses record the death “V Kal Mar” 1246 of “David fil. Lewelini princeps Wallie” and his burial “apud Abercon juxta patrem suum”[284]. m (1230) ISABEL de Briouse, daughter of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife Eva Marshal of the Earls of Pembroke (-1248). A letter from "L. princeps de Aberfrau, dominus Snauedoniæ" to "E. de Braus", dated [May] 1230, enquires whether she wishes the proposed marriage between "David filium nostrum et I. filiam vestram" to take place[285]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Isabella, Matildis, Eva et Alianora” as the four daughters of “Willielmus de Brews quartus” and his wife “Evam filiam domini Willielmi Mareschalli”, adding that Isabel married “David filio Lewelini principis Walliæ”[286]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmus de Brause…filiam suam” married “Leulino…filio”, with as her dowry “castello de Boet”, which reverted to her family after her husband died[287]. [5]

2. HELEN (-1253 before 24 Oct). The Annales Cestrienses record in 1222 that “Johannes filius comitis David” married “filiam Lewelini” in accordance with the agreement between him and “comitem Cestrie”[288]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Johannes comes Cestriæ” died in 1237 and “eius uxor…filia Lewelini” married “Roberto [de Quinci]” against her father´s wishes[289]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. Matthew of Paris records that it was suspected that his wife "filia Leolini" poisoned John “the Scot”[290]. A writ after the death of "Eleanor, sometime the wife of John Earl of Chester", dated "the eve of St Martin 38 Hen III", records the "partition of her lands between Si J. de Bayllol, Robert de Brus, and Henry de Hasting, the heirs of the said earl"[291]. m firstly ([1222]) JOHN "the Scot" Earl of Huntingdon, son of JOHN of Scotland Earl of Huntingdon & his wife Matilda of Chester ([1207]-Darnal [5/7] Jun 1237, bur Chester St Werburg). He was created Earl of Chester 21 Nov 1232. m secondly (1237 before 5 Dec) ROBERT de Quincy, son of SAHER Earl of Winchester & his wife Margaret of Leicester (-Aug 1257). [5]

3. SUSANNA ([1216/21]-after 24 Nov 1228). Henry III King of England granted the upbringing of "L. princeps Norwallie et Johanna uxor sua et…soror nostra Susannam filiam suam" to "Nicholao de Verdun et Clementie uxori sue" by order dated 24 Nov 1228[292]. Her birth date is estimated on the assumption that Susanna was under marriageable age, but older than an infant, at the time. [5]


1239 Third Marriage to Eva Fitzwaren

m thirdly (1239) EVA, daughter of FULK FitzWarin [IV] & his [second] wife Constance de Tosny. [5]

The Annales Cestrienses record in 1239 that “Lewelinus princeps Wallie” married “filiam Fulconis filii Warini”[276]. [5]

The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records that "Lowis le prince de Walys" married "sire Fouke…Eve sa file" after the death of his first wife "dame Johane…que fust la file le roi Henre de Engleterre"[277]. [5]

Mistress Tangwystl

Mistress (1): TANGWYSTL, daughter of LLYWARCH "Goch" of Rhos & his wife ---. [5]


===1205 Child of Llywelyn and Tangwystl

Prince Llywelyn had one illegitimate son by Mistress (1): 4. GRUFFYDD (before 1205-Tower of London 1 Mar 1244). Called "frater primogenitus" of David by Matthew of Paris, when he records that Gruffydd consented to his brother's succession on the death of their father[293]. Lord of Lleyn. He was captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London, dying in an escape attempt[294]. [5]

- see below.

Six Other Mistresses

Mistresses (2): - (7): ---. The names of the other mistresses of Prince Llywelyn are not known. [5]


Five Children by Mistresses 2-7

Prince Llywelyn had five illegitimate children by Mistresses (2) - (7):

5. GWENLLIAN (-1281). In his report to King Henry dated 5 Aug 1224 following the capture of castle Trum, William Marshall Earl of Pembroke records that "the wife of William de Lascy, the daughter of Llewllyn, Griffin´s sister, the wife of Thomas Blund, William´s brother, and the mother of William, of Thomas, and of him that was killed" were in the castle[295]. m WILLIAM de Lacy, son of HUGH de Lacy & his second wife Rose --- (-killed in battle Monach-cranncain 1233). [5]

6. GWLADUS Ddu ("the Black") (-Windsor 1251). The Annals of Dunstable record that “Reginaldus frater eius” (referring to “Ægidius Herefordensis episcopus”) married “Leulini Regis Walliæ…filiam” in 1216[296]. Henry III King of England granted protection to "Gwladosa filia…[L.] principis [Norwallie] que fuit uxor Reginaldi de Brausa" dated [May] 1229, issued at the same time as letters of protection to her brother David[297]. Henry III King of England granted safe passage to "David filium L. principis Norwallier in veniendo ad regem ad faciendum ei homagium suum, et sororem ipsius David" dated 5 Sep 1229[298]. It is likely that this unnamed sister of David was Gwladus, coming to England with her brother before her second marriage. The Annals of Worcester record that “Radulphus de Mortuomari” married “filiam Lewelini, conjugem quondam Reginaldi de Breusa” in 1230[299]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Wigmore Abbey records that “Radulphus” married “Lewelinus princeps…Gwladusam Duy filiam suam”, who brought her husband “omnibus terries de Kery et Kedewyn”[300]. The Annales Cambriæ record the death in 1251 of "Gladus filia domini Lewelini" at Windsor[301]. m firstly ([1215/16]) as his second wife, REYNOLD de Briouse, son of WILLIAM [III] de Briouse & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Valéry Dame de la Haye (-[5 May 1227/9 Jun 1228]). He succeeded in 1215 as Lord of Abergavenny[302]. m secondly (1230) RALPH [II] de Mortimer of Wigmore, son of ROGER [III] de Mortimer & his [second] wife Isabel de Ferrers (-6 Aug 1246, bur Wigmore). [5]

7. MARGARET (-1272 or after, bur [Acornbury Priory, Herefordshire]). The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "John de Bruse married Margaret the daughter of Llywelyn son of Iorwerth" in 1219[303]. "Katerina de Lacy filia Walteri de Lacy" donated land in Cofham, held by "domino Waltero de Clifford", to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire, for the souls of “fratris mei…et…dicti Walteri de Clifford et Margaretæ uxoris suæ et Margaretæ filiæ ipsius” by undated charter, witnessed by "domino Willielmo de Evereus, domino Rogero de Clifford, domino Ricardo Tirel, domino Roberto de Lacy, domino Willielmo de Rachesford…"[304]. "Walterus de Clifford filius Walteri de Clifford et Agnetis de Cundy" donated land in Cofham to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire, also donated by "Katherinæ filiæ Walteri de Lacy", for the souls of “Margaretæ uxoris meæ et dominæ Mathildis filiæ meæ” by undated charter[305]. "Margareta quondam uxor domini Walteri de Clifford" elected burial at Acornbury priory, Herefordshire by charter dated “tertia die dominica proxima ante festum sancti Thomæ apostoli” in 1260, witnessed by "…Henrico de Clifford…"[306]. m firstly (1219) JOHN de Briouse Lord of Bramber and Gower, son of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife --- (-1232). m secondly WALTER [III] de Clifford of Clifford Castle, Herefordshire, son of WALTER [II] de Clifford & his wife Agnes de Cundy (-Dec 1263). [5]

8. ANGHARAD . m MAELGWN ap Maelgwn "Fychan" Lord of Ceredigion [Cardigan], son of MAELGWN ap Rhys Lord of Ceredigion & his wife --- (-1257). 9. [HELEN] (before [1230]-after 16 Feb 1295). John of Fordun´s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1228 of "Malcolmus comes de Fyfe" and the succession of "Malcolmus nepos eius, filius…fratris eius", adding that the latter later married "filiam Leulini regis Walliæ"[307]. The Chronicle of Melrose records the death in 1230 of "Malcolm earl of Fife" and the succession of "his nephew Malcolm, the son of his brother", adding that the latter "afterwards married the daughter of Leulin"[308]. The Chronicle of Lanercost records the death in 1229 of "comes de Fif, Malcolmus", the succession of "nepos eiusdem…Malcolmus", adding that the latter married "filia Leulini senioris domini Walliæ"[309]. The last source is the only one of the three which does not state that the new earl´s marriage was later than his succession. Her birth date is estimated on her having given birth to her known son in [1244/46], which suggests that the couple married at least ten years after Malcolm became earl. It is assumed that she was illegitimate. If she had been her father´s legitimate daughter, the absence in the sources of any reference to her descent from John King of England would be surprising. The second marriage of the widow of Malcolm Earl of Fife is confirmed by the documents under which "Elenæ comitissæ de Marre" accounted for payment of "xl s pro parte dotis suæ" in the accounts of lands formerly belonging to Duncan Earl of Fife 20 Nov 1293 and 16 Feb 1294[310]. However, it is not certain that this widow of Earl Malcolm was the same person as his wife who was the daughter of Prince Llywelyn. The birth of Earl Malcolm´s son Colban is estimated to [1244/46]. However, Earl Malcolm´s widow had four known children by her second husband. This would mean that she gave birth to children over an approximately thirty year span, which although not impossible would be unusual. In addition, it seems unlikely that Earl Donald would have married, as his first marriage, a woman who would have been more than 35 years old. m [firstly] [as his first wife,] MALCOLM Earl of Fife, son of DUNCAN Macduff of Fife & his wife Alice Corbet (-1266). [m secondly (after 1266) DONALD Earl of Mar, son of WILLIAM Earl of Mar & his first wife Elizabeth Comyn of Buchan (-after 25 Jul 1297).][5]

END OF HIDDEN

Sources

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Trevelyan Pedigree, History and Antiquities of the County of Somerset, Vol 3 page 539
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Vic County History. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol5/pp111-120
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trevelyan Papers, 3 volumes, Part 1. https://archive.org/stream/trevelyanpapers01trevgoog#page/n5/mode/2up
  4. 4.0 4.1 Trevelyan Papers, 3 volumes, Part II. https://archive.org/details/trevelyanpapers02trevgoog
  5. 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 5.26 5.27 5.28 5.29 5.30 5.31 5.32 5.33 5.34 5.35 5.36 5.37 5.38 5.39 5.40 5.41 5.42 5.43 5.44 5.45 5.46 5.47 5.48 5.49 5.50 5.51 5.52 5.53 5.54 5.55 5.56 5.57 5.58 5.59 5.60 5.61 5.62 5.63 5.64 5.65 5.66 5.67 Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, Cawley, The Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (#FMG)
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, Cawley, The Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
  7. 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 Bartrum
  8. sometimes shown as Llywelyn Mawr, which also means Great, but Fawr is more frequently used for Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (see this G2G discussion)
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 John Cannon, "Llywelyn ab Iorwerth." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com (accessed 12 Feb. 2016).
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Wikipedia: Llywelyn the Great
  11. Wikipedia: Selected Biography, May 18
  12. Llywelyn the Great, Heritage Holidays
  13. 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 13.23 13.24 13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2013), Vol V, pp 298-302
  14. Dolwyddelan Castle, Castles of Wales
  15. Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, BBC Wales
  16. "It is suggested that Llywelyn ab Iorwerth was born in Dolwyddelan Castle and that he was raised in Powys." (Llywelyn Fawr, Snowdonia National Park Authority)
  17. this blog says Llywelyn the Great built Dolwyddelan Castle, but it seems to be the only source of that tidbit (and, if so, he could not have been born there)
  18. Llywelyn ap Iorwerth ancestor table, compiled by Stewart Baldwin (accessed Feb. 12, 2016)
  19. from Marared's WikiTree profile
  20. See also this Gen-Medieval Rootsweb post by Douglas Richardson, Oct. 5, 1999
  21. Llywelyn 'the Great', Prince of Gwynedd, Aberffraw, Lord Snowdon, "Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors and Cousins" (website, compiled by Mr. Marlyn Lewis, Portland, OR; accessed February 12, 2016), citing Richardson's Plantagenet Ancestry (Vol III, pp 422-424) and Royal Ancestry (Vol V, pp 297-298)
  22. See also this Gen-Medieval Rootsweb post by Stewart Baldwin, Oct. 7, 1999
  23. "According to the Worcester Annals" (see Plantagenesta)
  24. List of first nine children with dates from Sharon Kaye Penman's blog; footnotes indicate if child is also shown by #FMG, #Richardson, #Bartrum, and #Turner-Thomas. Two additional children follow the nine listed by Penman. Other sections in this biography include information as to the mothers (see above). See also discussions on the profiles of the mothers and the children.
  25. 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 #Turner-Thomas
  26. 26.0 26.1 Listed by #Bartrum, #Richardson, and #Turner-Thomas
  27. 27.0 27.1 Lee, S. (1893). Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 34. NY: Macmillian and Co., p. 7ff, at 12 archive.org.
  28. Llywelyn the Great, English Monarchs
  29. Public Monument and Sculpture Association National Recording Project (link available through archive.org's Wayback Machine)
  30. 30.00 30.01 30.02 30.03 30.04 30.05 30.06 30.07 30.08 30.09 30.10 30.11 Brut y Tywysogion, Jesus MS 111 (Red Book of Hergest), retrieved 2014-06-08, amb
  31. Wikipedia Llywelyn the Great
  32. 1215-Brut y Tywysogion
  33. by Crysten
  34. In Easter 1230 William visited Llywelyn's court Garth Celyn, Aber Garth Celyn now known as Pen y Bryn, Abergwyngregyn. During this visit he was found in Llywelyn's chamber together with Llywelyn's wife Joan. On 2 May, De Braose was hanged in the marshland under Garth Celyn, the place now remembered as Gwern y Grog, Hanging Marsh, a deliberately humiliating execution for a nobleman, and Joan was placed under house arrest for a year.
  35. Wikipedia: Iorwerth
  36. Gen-Medieval Rootsweb post by William A. Reitwiesner, September 1995
  • Llywelyn Fawr, from the Rootsweb database for Celtic Royal Genealogy by Sir Arthur E Turner-Thomas V.C., G.C., K.G.(Wales), K.C.B.
  • The Bartrum Project (digitization of "Welsh Genealogies AD 300- 1500" by Peter C. Bartrum)
  • Lee, S. (1893). Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 34. NY: Macmillian and Co. archive.org.
  • Cokayne, G.E., Gibbs, V., Doubleday, H.A. White, G.H., Warrand, D. & Walden, H, (2000). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, Vol. 1, pp.403. Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000
  • Mosley, C. (2003). Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, (107th ed. Vol. 1, pp.1063).Wilmington, DE: Genealogical Books Ltd.
  • Weir, A. (1999). Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy, (pp. 71, 194). London: The Bodley Head.
  • Jacob Youde William Lloyd, The History of the Princes, the Lords Marcher, and the Ancient Nobility of Powys Fadog: And the Ancient Lords of Arwystli, Cedewen, and Meirionydd, Volume 1 (p 161)

MEDIEVAL LANDS: A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families by Charles Cawley © Foundation for Medieval Genealogy & Charles Cawley 2000-2018.




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