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Early English Chamberlayne Research Project

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Date: 5 Feb 2022
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Chamberlayne Primary Sources Timeline

North Reston, Lincolnshire

Chamberlayne Primary Sources Timeline

Chamberlains of Lincolnshire


The goal of the EECRP is to research the early Chamberlaynes and share findings with the aim of eventually verifying a connection, or NO connection to the Tancarvilles of Normandy. The earliest WikiTree Chamberlayne profiles were created in 2013 without sources and their vital dates are dubious, to say the least. Research is ongoing into the Primary Sources for this period, in the hope of solving the puzzles left by tradition, inaccurate history and family legend.


Contents

The Tancarville Tradition

Those who drew up the Chamberlayne pedigrees relied on bogus heraldry, embroidered them with legends, and tradition gradually built a genealogical façade which is still convincing and deceiving descendants hundreds of years later.

The Myth

This family is descended from John, Count de Tankerville, of Tankerville Castle, in Normandy, who accompanied the CONQUEROR to England; and, on the subjugation of that country, returned to his extensive landed possessions in Normandy. This ancient family of the Tankervilles was nearly allied to the Montmorency branch of the Royal House of France. JOHN, son of the Earl of Tankerville, being left in England, became Lord Chamberlain to HENRY I., and was father of RICHARD, Lord Chamberlain to King STEPHEN, who assumed the surname of Chamberlayne from his office, the sign-manual having been given as its warranty. He was father of WILLIAM CHAMBERLAYNE, Lord of North Ryston, chamberlain to HENRY II, who, having made prisoner Robert de Bellemont, Earl of Leicester, had permission, in 1174, from the King to quarter that nobleman's arms with his own. His grandson, SIR RICHARD CHAMBERLAYNE, m. Jane, dau. and heir of John Gatesden, and was grandfather of SIR JOHN CHAMBERLAYNE, distinguished in the martial reign of EDWARD III, who m. Jane, dau. and heir of John Mortein, son and heir of Sir John Mortein, by Joan, his wife, dau. and heir of Richard Ekney, of Ekney, and was father of SIR RICHARD CHAMBERLAYNE… etc.

Paul A. Fox, (2020) in his 2020 published book on the history and heraldry of the cloisters of Canterbury Cathedral, Great Cloister: A Lost Canterbury Tale: A History of the Canterbury Cloister, Constructed 1408-14, with Some Account of the Donors and their Coats of Arms (pp.187-188), states:

the Chamberlaine family provides a good example of heraldic calumny.

It is my contention that, in the late 15th or early 16th century, a partially fictitious line of descent was created for the Chamberlain/Chamberlayne family, at the earliest by a herald or heralds unknown, or, at the latest, by William Hervey, then King of Arms. This line of descent was subsequently copied and has been used as the basis for all subsequent Chamberlayne pedigrees of this line.

  1. The Chamberlain Pedigree compiled by William Hervey, then Norroy King of Arms, published on 8 June 1553, [1]connects the Chamberlayne family of Maugersbury, Gloucs., which stems from the Chamberlaynes of Shirburn, Oxon., to the Tancarvilles. By the 1520s, Sir Edward Chamberlaine of Shirburn (d. 1543) had adopted the ancient arms of Tancarville, gules an escutcheon argent in orle of spur rowles or, (see the Dictionary of British Arms - Medieval Ordinary: Vol. 3) although the Tancarvilles had died out by 1400, and had no direct male descendant in either Normandy or England.
  2. William Hervey/Harvey's Visitation of Oxfordshire in 1566 follows suit [2]
  3. Richard Lee, Portcullis Pursuivant, in his Visitation of Oxfordshire of 1574, copied the work of his predecessor/s
  4. William Camden, Clarenceaux King of Arms in the Visitation of Warwickshire, (1619), likewise attached the Chamberlaynes of Shirburn to the family of Tancarville[3]

From 1377 onwards, as the Surrey Roll of Arms shows, the Chamberleyn coat of arms was gules, a chevron between three escallops or. This was confirmed even in the early 1600s, in Astley, when Richard Chamberlayne of Astley displayed the same coat of arms on the outer wall of the church of St Mary the Virgin.

Subsequent Works Propagating the Myth or Versions of it


The Mystery

The English Chamberlayne families of both the wealthier Maugersbury, Gloucestershire (now extinct), Cranbury Park (Hampshire) lines (almost extinct) and the less well-known Astley-Princethorpe-Stoneythorpe (Warwickshire) line, which still has male descendants today, the Chamberlaynes of Ireland, as well as descendants outside the British Isles, believed the heraldic legerdemain, because it was published in subsequent works through the centuries, to the point where today, the myth is accepted as fact. Sons were named Tankerville in more than one branch of the family. The story was even published in the following newspapers:

  • Gloucester Journal - Saturday 22 July 1837, p.2[4]
  • Gloucestershire Chronicle - Saturday 22 July 1837, p.2[5]
  • Oxford Journal - Saturday 29 July 1837, p.2. [6]
  • Bristol Times and Mirror - Wednesday 29 September 1880, p.3 [7]
  • Bristol Mercury - Friday 1 October 1880, p.2[8]
  • Truth - Thursday 14 October 1880. p.8 [9]
  • Isle of Wight Observer - Saturday 9 October 1880, p.8 [10]
  • Nuneaton Observer - Friday 24 December 1909, p.7 [11]
  • Motor Owner - Tuesday 1 June 1920, p.94 [12]
  • Rugby Advertiser - Friday 1 July 1927, p.11 [13]
  • Motor Owner - Friday 1 March 1929, pp.21-25 [14]
  • Country Life - Saturday 17 August 1940, pp.24-27[15]
  • Country Life - Thursday 25 October 1956, pp.46-49[16]
  • Birmingham Daily Post - Friday 19 June 1998, p.33 [17]

Modern narration of the Chamberlayne story has reproduced the legend without question, usually without primary sources to substantiate the claims. The romance of the story, as told by Thomas Wotton’s The English Baronets, laying out the family history of Sir Thomas Chamberlayne of Wickham, Oxfordshire, created Baronet by Charles I, is too attractive to abandon. To quote Fran Walsh's screenplay of Tolkein's The Fellowship of the Ring, History became legend. Legend became myth... and for five hundred years, the truth ...passed out of all knowledge.

The following is the first page of the Chamberlayne family tree, typed up, probably by Edward Tankerville Chamberlayne or his sister Mabel Alicia, my great grandmother, at the end of the 19th century, and passed down to me. Several other family members have the identical document. It duplicates Wotton’s narrative almost word for word.

The problem is that while the line can be traced back, with primary sources, to Richard Chamberlain (abt. 1267 - bef. 1301) who married Jane Gatesden, (the fifth member of the family down from the purported John, Count de Tancarville), it is obvious that above him there are considerable gaps in our knowledge and in the record.

Robert and William, while they did exist, were not in direct ascent from Richard, and may even have been cousins, rather than his forebears. The Richard and John above them are even less easy to substantiate. They may simply be place-holders, for want of definitive evidence. Research has shown that the first named Richard Chamberlain's father was not a Robert at all, but a Peter le Chaumbreleyn, who married Isobel le Faintre, daughter of Adam le Faintre, of Chetton, Shropshire. Beyond this is a brick wall. However, descendants still accept and copy the legend into their online family trees. The same thing happened in 2012, when the legend was created in WikiTree. The doubtful profiles have now been disconnected from the line.


The Princethorpe Problem

The earliest heralds were not particular about accuracy when drawing up their clients’ pedigrees. It was more likely a matter of money and pleasing clients. Some, like Dugdale, relied on extant books and escheats of the time; [18] others may have relied more on family legend. Standards were improving in the 1600s, but if arms had been granted before that, and the line was not correct, then it was inevitable that future generations would be deluded.

The Chamberlaynes were proud of their lineage. Some in the Stoney Thorpe and Ryes branch at least, researched it as much as they could, filling notebooks, drawing up family trees on sheets of paper, sometimes with delicately-painted coats of arms, sketches of copying out their lineage from reference works like Burke’s Landed Gentry, or visiting churches and copying monumental inscriptions. In the confinement of a country house, when the weather would not permit one to ride out and if one was not, like Miss Elizabeth Bennett, fond of walking, a lady might spend hours engrossed in genealogical research, until it was time to dress for dinner.

Some of this research still exists in the family’s records, passed down the generations. (I am indebted to Mark Chamberlayne, who has given me many Chamberlayne family documents of the kind I describe above).

The family tree below shows the traditionally accepted lineage, drawn up, possibly by Emma Chamberlayne in the 1800s. It shows another falsehood, (highlighted).


This was that the Princethorpe-Stoneythorpe/Ryes branch descends from Sir Thomas Chamberlayne of Prestbury, of Gloucestershire

a claim propagated by several members of the family, again, on the basis of the works of reference mentioned above. Emma Caroline Chamberlayne, daughter of Henry Thomas Chamberlayne wrote to Notes and Queries in the 28 February 1891 issue about it: [19]

This error may have originated from Foster's Alumni oxonienses: the members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714 where a record transcription records an Edward Chamberlayn of co. Gloucester, mil. fil. with the memorandum that 'Sir Thomas Chamberlaine, of Prestbury, co. Gloucester, was father of Edmund, of Maugersbury, who died 1634.[20]

The error, perpetuated by Burke's Peerage ever since, was that Sir Thomas had a son named Edward, the progenitor of the Princethorpe line of Chamberlaynes. [21]

Sir Thomas had nothing to do with Princethorpe, Warwickshire. This wouldn't have come to light, had we not read through his last will, in which he makes bequests and provision for his three sons, John, Edmund and Thomas, and disinherits his one daughter Theophila for running off with Richard Webb, "a lewd fellow of base condicion"' (sic) who had 'stolen her away', but would receive an inheritance if she leaves him and marries suitably. [22]No Edward is mentioned.

The Chamberlaynes of the 19th century were not aware that the Chamberlayne brothers, Sir Leonard and Edward first and second sons of Sir Edward Chamberlaine J.P. and Cecily née Verney, had in 1552, already commissioned the Herald, William Hervey, then King of Arms, to draw up their pedigree, demonstrating that they were fourth cousins once removed of Sir Thomas Chamberlayne of Prestbury. This document - a genealogical roll on two membranes of the descent of the family of Chamberlayne of Shirburn for fourteen generations, the names written in brown ink in a cursive hand within double-ruled circles, the lines of descent in red, with twenty-five coats of arms in liquid gold, white, black, red and blue, certified by William Hervey or Harvey, was sold to an unknown buyer by Christie's on 17 November 2004.[23]

Not knowing this, the 19th century Chamberlaynes continued to think that they were directly descended from Sir Thomas, and Henry Thomas Chamberlayne of Stoney Thorpe, Warks., who was perhaps even named after Sir Thomas, had a stained-glass window made for the dining room of Stoney Thorpe, [13]showing standing to the left and right of Queen Elizabeth I, Sir Thomas and his first wife Anne Van der Zenny, about whom Frederick Leigh Colvile (1819-1886), the compiler of 'The Worthies of Warwickshire Who Lived Between 1500 and 1800' published in 1870, stated: (p.109) ’through her children the present families of Chamberlayne, both of Maugersbury in Gloucestershire, and Stoney Thorpe in Warwickshire are descended…’ a statement which was only correct in its first part.

So who WAS this Edward, father of:

EDWARD CHAMBERLAYNE, of Prince Thorpe, Esq. , b. 28 Dec. 1596, who was buried at Stretton-upon-Dunsmore, 4 April, 1659. He m. Bridget, dau. of Richard Hayle, Esq. of Charlcot, and had issue... ?[21]


The Awful Affair at Astley

When we looked at the Shirburn branch of Chamberlaynes, we discovered that Edward Chamberlayne MP the second son of Sir Edward Chamberlayne of Shirburn, had bought a manor house in Warwickshire; Astley Castle. Astley had belonged to the Grey family, but it was seized by Mary Tudor after the Lady Jane Grey debacle, and was then bought by Edward Chamberlayne MP, on 22 December 1554. [24] This Edward had a son named Richard, a traditional Chamberlayne given name. The Visitation of Warwickshire, in 1619, gives his name as Edward, married to filia Harcourt and adds a non-existant son; Richard, (d. 1619). [25]However in the earlier 1583 Visitation of Staffordshire, [26]and the History of Parliament, his name is given as Richard.[27]

It was at this point that disaster befell the family. This Richard Chamberlayne of Astley, who is remembered for having rebuilt Astley's parish church of St Mary the Virgin, had a son and heir; John. John was a profligate spender. His debts were extreme, and he died in 1619, owing money to the Dudley family and others. (He was the fourth husband of his second wife, Elizabeth, whose third husband, John Hamar, had been one of the translators of the King James Bible). John's younger brother, Edward Chamberlayne of Princethorpe, a feodary and escheator, lost his rightful inheritance to his sister Jane and litigious lawyer brother-in-law, a cousin, another Richard Chamberlain, 'of Temple-House and the Court of Wards' who were given Astley and other lands. Family members fought each other over property and inheritance in the courts for the next 40 years.

In the Civil War, the family was divided along religious lines. Edward, who leased Princethorpe manor copyhold from Sir Richard Compton, in order to survive Cromwell's onslaughts in Warwickshire, sided with, housed and supplied the Protestant Parliamentarian forces. He ended up with twelve children and was able to leave them only little in his will. Edward's descendants were forced to go to London into commerce and the law. When William Dugdale was gathering heraldic information for his Antiquities of Warwickshire, published in 1656, and those who had responded to the summons were presenting their proofs of lineage,

Edward Chamberlaine of Princethorpe,...appeared but could prove nothing...'[28]

There is an implication that the family was torn with a sense of injustice, humiliation, shame and bitterness. The deeds evidences and writings ... concerning the... mannors... lands, tithes and premisses...had been acquired by Royalist Richard Chamberlain of Temple House, and Edward in order to prove his lineage, had either refused to attempt to 'borrow' them from his brother-in-law, or when he requested them, had been refused. Perhaps the turmoil of the Civil War had had its effect on the family's ability to protect its records. Perhaps the family papers had simply worn out. Dugdale wrote that one family collection was utterly rotted with wet and rain.[29]The Newdegates eventually bought Astley Castle and many of the Chamberlayne papers ended up with the Newdegate family documents, now in the Warwickshire County Record Archives. The fact that Richard Chamberlayne of Astley, who died in 1629, and Richard Chamberlain of Temple House, and later of Astley, were cousins, and the latter Richard also had a son called Richard, who in his turn also had a son called Richard, only compounded the confusion. In subsequent pedigrees, Astley is never mentioned, as if its memory was too painful to consider.

William Chamberlayne, Lord of Space:North Reston, Lincolnshire, England

It appears that the creator/s of the traditional Chamberlayne pedigree, for whatever reason, perhaps to augment family status and reputation, attributed to semi-legendary Chamberlayne ancestors, fragments of stories about deeds done by real individuals, which may have had nothing to do with the Chamberlaynes at all.

In Thomas Wotton's 'Baronets' we read of William, Lord of North Reston, that:

He had taken Prisoner Robert de Bellemont, Earl of Millain in Normandy, and Earl of Leicester in England, commonly call'd Blanch-maines, who had taken Part with young King Henry against his Father; and for this Service, the King granted him leave to quarter the Arms of the Earl of Leicester with the Arms of Tankerville, Anno 1174. [30]

Firstly, Robert de Bellemont was taken prisoner by Guillaume FitzRaoul Tancarville, Chamberlain of Normandy, at the Battle of Bourgthéroulde, south-west of Rouen in the Duchy of Normandy, on 26 January 1124. Tancarville died in 1129.

Furthermore, the William Chamberlayne fighting for Henry II at Fornham in 1173, can't have been the above Guillaume's grandson, William the camerarius of Tancarville, because the Gesta Henrici states that he was a partisan of Henry the young king, Henry II's son, who was defeated at Fornham.

Instante igitur solemnitate Paschali, Henricus rex Anglise, filius Mathildis imperatricis, tenuit cuiam suam apud Alenzun, et statim post clausum Pascha exarsit nefanda proditorum rabies ; quorum nomina haec sunt; et ipsi cum juvene rege tenuerunt contra patrem suum. Johannes Talevaz, comes de Puntif; comes de Mellento, comes de Auco, camerarius de Tankervilla, Willelmus, patrician senior,... '
(The Easter feast, therefore, was at hand, King Henry of England, the son of Empress Mathilde, held his own at Alenzen; and these are the names of those who with the young king laid hands on their father: John Talevaz, Count of Puntif; the count of Mellontus, the count of Auco, the chamberlain of Tankervilla, the elder William the patrician,...") [31] [32][33]

Roger de Hoveden describes the Battle of Fornham on 16 October 1173 thus:

The ranks being drawn up in battle array, by virtue of the aid of God and of his most glorious Martyr Saint Edmund, they attacked the line in which the earl of Leicester had taken his position, and in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, the earl of Leicester was vanquished and taken prisoner, as also his wife and Hugh des Chateaux, a nobleman of the kingdom of France, and all their might was utterly crushed. [34]

In no early source has any mention been found of a William the Chamberlain, Lord of Space:North Reston, Lincolnshire, England, at the Battle of Fornham, let alone personally apprehending the Earl of Leicester. Francisque Michel in her introduction to 'Chronicle of the War Between the English and the Scots in 1173 and 1174', by Jordan Fantosme, writes:

The engagement was begun by Walter Fîtz Robert, who rushed the first on the Flemings making great carnage of them and it came to a termination almost at the same moment; for nothing could resist the shock of the royal horsemen in the plain, nor the blows of such knights as the earl of Arundel, Roger Bigod earl of Norfolk and marshal of England, Hugh de Creissi, and Robert Fitz Bernard. The countess of Leicester, as might have been expected» was the first to fly; but she did not go far» and fell into a muddy pool, where she wished to drown herself. At this instant, however, Simon de Vahull came up; he took her out of the water, and addressed some words of consolation to her. The earl seeing his wife in the hands of the enemy, and his companion slain, changed colour, and soon fell himself together with Hugh du Chastel into the hands of Humphrey de Bohun and the earl of Arundel.[35]
Then began earl Robert to be strongly affected, '
When he saw his wife taken, he had good reason to be angry,
And saw his companions slain by hundreds and by thousands:
The colour began to change in his face.
Lord Humphrey de Bohun and the earl of Arundel Haye detained the earl...[35]

The William the camerarius of Tancarville who sides with Henry the Young King, died while on the Third Crusade against Barbarossa, in Israel in 1191.

Sir John Chamberlain

One of the falsehoods propagated by Burke et al. is the facts surrounding Sir John Chamberlain.

According to the addenda in Thomas Wotton's The English Baronetage: Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the English Baronets, Now Existing: Their Descents, Marriages, and Issues (p.377)

Sir John Chamberlayne, of this family, was a great soldier, and eminent in the court of Edw. III. It appears by a record now in the Tower, that the King did grant to him, by the name of Count Chamberlain, Earl of Tankerville, Viscount De Millaine, and High Constable of Normandy, a warrant to receive 10000 marks, which he had lent to the King's son, in the wars with France...

This bears a close resemblance to the following record in the Calendar of the Close Rolls (1364-1368), Vol. 13 Edward III:

Writing of John count of Tankarville viscount of Meleun, chamberlain of France and constable of Normandy, being a letter of attorney to Adam de Bury burgess of London to sue for and receive a sum of 3,000 crowns of gold a year at the exchequer of England (the treasury, located in the Tower of London) at Christmas and Midsummer during the said chamberlain's life, in which sum the king is bound to him by his letters patent under the great seal, and to give quittances for the same. Dated London, 26 October 1367. French.
Memorandum of acknowledgement before William, bishop of Winchester, the chancellor, 24 November.[36]

This John Chamberlain has been muddled with the Norman Jean de Melun of exactly the same period in Normandy, the son of the last heiress and direct descendant of the Norman Tancarvilles, Jeanne de Tancarville. Jeanne's brother, Guillaume VI d'Tancarville, who died in 1315, was the last of the Tancarville male line, and it brought to Melun the holdings and titles of the now defunct Tancarvilles ... Jean de Melun Viscount de Melun, High Constable of Normandy in 1382, becoming Comte de Tancarville and Grand Chamberlain de France, and a supporter of Jean II le Bon.

Perhaps the conflation of the two Johns was error, or perhaps it was heraldic slight of hand, intended to give substantiation to the Tancarville claim.

Sir John Chamberlain is also confused with Sir William Chamberlain K.G. in Collectanea topographica et genealogica, Vol. 3, (1836)., (p.97), in Cleveland, Duchess of, The Battle Abbey Roll with some Account of the Norman Lineages, Battle Abbey Roll., Vol. III., London. (1889), and in the Chamberlain, Ian., (2015)., Chamberlain Early Family Register.


When was a Chamberlayne a Chamberlain?

The claim in the early part of the pedigree, that a chamberlain to King Stephen, ... assumed the surname of Chamberlayne from his office may be partly true. Kings had the service of many different stewards, clerks and chamberlains, [37]King Stephen's Lord Great Chamberlain was Aubrey de Vere, murdered on 15 May 1141; his son, Aubrey de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford, succeeded him, serving Henry II in the office of chamberlain. T. F. Tout says that in the reign of Henry II; there were several chamberlains acting at once. [38]


A charter from about 1175, records a grant of Wiltshire land to the chamberlain Richard Rufus, to be held by Richard and his heirs by " the service of my chamberlainship," as proof of the claim. [38]In Wiltshire, the same Richard Ruffus or Le Rous had a grant of Imber (a small village on Salisbury Plain) from Henry II. for his services as Chamberlain.[39]Under King John, in 1203, the nephews of Richard still hold those lands.[40] Also in Wiltshire, certainly by 1208, a Robert Camerarius held the manor of Compton Chamberlayne, followed by Geoffrey le Chaumberleng in 1234.[41][42]No verifiable link has been found between these Chamberlaynes and the Chamberlayne line discussed here. [43]

Herbert the Chamberlain of Scotland

Another source of chamberlain progeny was Herbert, Chamberlain of David I, and Malcolm IV, kings of Scotland, whose birth is obscure, but who was married, not long after 1130, to Melisent, daughter of Maud, the daughter of Osbert the Sheriff of Lincolnshire and Yorkshire, niece and heiress of William Turniant and Richard of Lincoln, Osbert's sons.

(Some researchers have conflated Herbert, Camerarius of Scotland with yet another famous Herbert; the Chamberlain of Winchester, treasurer and chamberlain of Henry I, King of England, but as W. H. B. Bird proved in his essay Osbert the Sheriff, he was not connected with this family. [44] Herbert of Winchester had several sons, including Herbert Fitz Herbert, and William Fitz Herbert, Archbishop of York, but he lived at an earlier time. His name appears from about 1098 onwards, in lists, charters and writs from the reign of Henry I[45]and he died in about 1130.)[46]

Herbert, chamberlain of Scotland held office from about 1136 to ca. 1160.[47]

Herbert, Chamberlain of Scotland was the father of Stephen le Chaumberleng, filius Hereberti camerarii regis Scocie or Stephanus camerarius de Wikingesbi and was the ancestor of the Chamberlains of Drax in the East Riding of Yorkshire and of Wickenby in Lincolnshire, [48]whose overlords from 1166 onwards were the Percys. This descent is extensively discussed in The Chamberlain Fee in Volume 11 of the Early Yorkshire Charters. [47][49] (Interestingly, in the traditional Chamberlaine Pedigree of William Hervey, a son, 'Stevin' (died sans issu.) is included as second son of the first Richard. [1]

In Scotland, Herbert the Chamberlain held of King David an estate later known as the barony of Kinneil in West Lothian; and King Malcolm in the period 1161-62 confirmed to Holyrood Abbey the church of Kinneil which had been given by Herbert his chamberlain with the consent of Stephen and William his sons.

Herbert, chamberlain of the king of Scotland, has granted and by this his charter established to Holyrood Abbey, the church of Kinneil ... with all its rights, in perpetual alms, with the consent and counsel of his sons Stephen and William. He wills that the aforesaid canons should possess this church as freely and quietly as any church in all Lothian, save the tenure of Sir William his nepos, for as long as he may wish to hold the church.[50]

In England, Stephen held an estate in Lincolnshire, inherited together with Marston and other lands from 'Milisent', his mother.

Stephen's son and heir, Robert the Chamberlain (Camerarius), who first paid scutage in both York and Lincolnshire in 1194-5, was tenant by 1212 of 6 carucates of land in Merston, [51]and in 1221/2, of 6½ carucates of land in Wikingeby, Westlakeby, Riston, (Space:North Reston, Lincolnshire, England), Ludford, and Carleton (co. Lincoln), [52] some of which in 1175-84, had been gifted to Kirkstead Abbey by his father Stephen de Wickenby, the chamberlain (Kirkstead Chartulary, B.M. Cotton. MS. Vespasian E. xviii, new f. 108v, Snelleslund, no.1.) [53][54][53] and the Earl of Warwick and his wife, Maud de Percy, confirmed the gifts of Westlaby and Wickenby given by Stephen the chamberlain. (nos. 53,54) [55]They also held, then or later, in Gate Helmsley and Stamford Bridge, from Percy originally as an under-tenancy of the honour of Chester.[47]

[48]

Stephanus filius Hereberti camerarii regis Scotie, had at least four sons, Ralph, Eustace,[56]Robert the Chamberlain (Camerarius), Roger, Hugh

On 27 January 1221/2 (6 Henry III), Robert made a covenant with a distant cousin, Hugh Bardolf, with regard to lands and inheritance.

Between Hugh Bardolf, plaintiff, and Robert the Chamberlain (Camerarius), tenant of 6½ carucates of land in Wikingeby, Westlakeby, Riston, Ludford, and Carleton [co. Lincoln]. And between the same Robert, plaintiff, and the same Hugh, tenant of half a knight’s fee in Horningeton [co. York] and Hornley [co. Oxford]. Hugh quitclaimed to Robert and his heirs forever all right which he had in the same half of the knight’s fee. And, moreover, Robert, granted to Hugh that whatsoever he or his heirs hereafter shall acquire of the inheritance which was of Osbert the Sheriff, ancestor of the said Robert and Hugh, they shall divide between them, so that Robert and his heirs shall have a moiety thereof quietly, and Hugh and his heirs shall have the other moiety and shall hold it of Robert and his heirs by the service which pertains to that moiety.[52]

Robert and his wife Aline/Alice had a son and heir, Henry, who married Lucy, and had several children, among them Isabel, and his eldest son and heir, John.

In 1242-3, one William le Chamberleyn held lands in North Reston of Henry le Chamberleyn:

Riston et Carleton. Willelmus Camerarius et Henricus de Lekeburn’ tenent in eisdem villis quartam partem feodi unius militis de Henrico Camerario et de Willelmo de Percy de veteri feoffamento

and by 1274 a William Chamberlain, lord of Riston, possibly identified with William le Chamberlain, and Joan his wife, exchanged lands in Laybert (Larbert, nr Falkirk) and Strabrok (Strathbrock, Uphall, West Lothian) in Scotland, for lands in Pettesho. [57]

GIFT of all lands in Pettesho in exchange for lands in *Laybert and Strabrok in Scotland, in which 1 was enfeoffed by 2.

Petsoe was conveyed by John Lindsey to William le Chamberlain before 1274 (by which time, William and Joan were already married) in exchange for other lands. One of the witnesses to this contract was Alexander (Comyn) VI Earl of Buchan who died in 1289. Another was Colban, Earl of Fife, who died in about 1270.

Witnesses: Sir William Earl of Marr', Sir Alexander Earl of Bonhan, (sic) Sir Colban Earl of Fife, Sir William Wyschart, Sir Thomas Randulf, Sir Simon Freser, John Butler (pinur'), Robert, chaplain

1. John de Lyndeshey, with the assent of Joan his wife 2. William Chamberlain (Camerarius), lord of Riston', and Joan his wife GIFT of all lands in Pettesho in exchange for lands in Laybert and Strabrok in Scotland, in which 1 was enfeoffed by 2. Covenant by 1 to make restitution of his lands in Libochenile and Walchop to whoever they should come, to the value of £40 a year, to 2. [58]


The relationship between Henry le Chamberleyn and William le Chamberleyn is unclear, but it is more than likely that they were family. North Reston continued in possession of the Chamberlaynes until 1525.

The Chamberlaynes in the Midlands

The greatest problem is that with present knowledge, the line of descent before about 1267, is unknown. Secondly, although there are deeds reflecting property exchanges, these do not always clarify family relationships. As stated above, research has shown that the first named Richard Chamberlain's father (in the tranditional predigree) was not a Robert at all, but a Peter le Chaumbreleyn, who married Isobel le Faintre, daughter of Adam le Faintre, of Chetton, Shropshire.

A. C. Chibnall's 1979 book, discussing the village of Sherington, Buckinghamshire, Beyond Sherington, draws a line of Chamberlain descent, but he left out a generation (that of Richard Chamberlain m. (1436), Margaret Knyvet), and seems to have fallen foul of the same traps in the 13th and 14th centuries, resulting from the paucity of documentary evidence. The Victoria History of the County of Buckingham, (Parishes: Emberton), in British History Online manages to deftly sketch over the lack of clear descent when it says of Joan Chamberlain:

She was returned as lady of the manor in 1316, and in 1323 she and Robert Chamberlain obtained licence to make, with Richard Chamberlain, a fresh settlement of Petsoe, which took place in the following year, whereby contingent remainder was assigned to Richard, infant son of John Chamberlain, and Margaret his wife.

It doesn't make clear who 'Richard Chamberlain' was.

Many things could have contributed to the loss of knowledge, including hostile family relationships. The following document (in medieval French) in the National Archives, records the 1290 petition of William le Chaumberleyn:

[59]
Chaumberleyn states that the Peks and Tropynel came on Saturday next after the feast of St Nicholas 18 Edward I (10 December 1290) and took two horses from the field of Hothorpe so that he is not able to have a gauge or pledge and has sued to have a recognisance made in full county but he has not had this made by the procurement of Richard le Chamberlain his adversary. He is not able to cultivate or approve his land by the loss of his horses to his damage.[60]

Hothorpe, Northamptonshire, near Theddleworth, Leicestershire, was a small, medieval village, now deserted, where only a few traces of ridge and furrow fields exist today.[61]The site lies just south of the R. Welland, the county boundary between Leicestershire and Northamptonshire[62] and in 1086 there was only enough land for one plough. [63]Could the petitioner have been this William le Chaumberleyn?

What's clear is that at some point in the 13th century, the Chamberlayne family's holdings in Lincolnshire decreased until they only held North Reston, and they settled in Buckinghamshire, Northamptonshire and Bedfordshire, until they became lords of Shirburn Castle, Oxfordshire in 1527.

Tancarville Truth?

So, where did the claim that the Chamberlaynes were descended from the Tancarvilles come from? If it was not true, why invent such a claim? Is there no truth to it at all, or is the truth to be found in a different place from where the Chamberlaynes thought it was? If the Chamberlaynes don't descend from the Tancarvilles through the direct male line, and as yet, there is no proof that they do, could there be a matrilineal connection?

Indeed, there are actually several matrilineal connections from Guillaume FitzRaoul Tancarville (abt. 1062 - 1129), through his daughter, Lucy or Lucia. These descend through marriages into the Vernon family, the Darrell family, the Barentynes, the Beauchamps, Ferrers, Meschines, Louvaines, Harcourts and others.

The legend about the Chamberlaynes taking their name from their office may well be true, because there are indeed, several verified connections through female lines to several famous royal chamberlains. One is that of Jane Morteyn, who married Sir John Chamberlayne in about May 1314. Her great grandmother Constance de Merston was the daughter of Isobel Clinton, descended from Geoffrey de Clinton, Chamberlain to Henry I. [64]

Constance de Merston was also descended from William Mauduit, another chamberlain (of the Exchequer) to Henry I and later to the Empress Matilda.[65]Is there a hint of the descent from Geoffrey de Clinton in the mention of the wife of Sir William Chamberlain, Lord of North Riston, in the traditional family pedigree, as the daughter of Clyfton, alias Clinton?

Margaret Lovaine, who married Sir Richard Chamberlain was the daughter of Margaret de Vere, 5x great granddaughter of Aubrey de Vere, Lord Great Chamberlain of England, whose office was certainly hereditary, if mainly titular.

The marriage between Elizabeth Harcourt and Richard Chamberlayne of Astley reveals the female line going up to Herbert of Winchester, chamberlain of the Winchester treasury during the reign of King William II of England, and the office of chancellor and treasurer under King Henry I.

Perhaps three different facts became confused;

  1. the matrilineal descent from the Tancarvilles, the Chamberlains of Normandy,
  2. several verified matrilineal connections to other important English chamberlains, the Clintons, the Mauduits, and Herbert of Winchester
  3. and the actual patrilineal descent from Herbert, the chamberlain of the kings of Scotland, whose descendants connect, through his son Stephen le Chamberlain of Wickenby, Lincolnshire, in a way as yet not proven, but highly probable, suggested by three factors: property, identical coat of arms and identical given names through the generations.


Questions that remain

1. How did the Chamberlaynes end up in Shropshire?
2. Is there a connection between Peter le Chaumbreleyn of Much Wenlock, and the family of Herbert the Chamberlain of Scotland, as Paul A. Fox believes? (Stephen's grandson Thomas FitzEustace married a Shropshire heiress, Joan Noel) of the manor of Alvitheleg (Alveley), just over 17 miles from Much Wenlock.
3. Why did Peter's son Richard Chamberlayne leave Shropshire for Buckinghamshire? Did he inherit land there?
4. What was the family configuration around 1300?
Family Tree of Herbert the Chamberlain of Scotland
5. As can be seen in the composite family tree above, it is possible that Richard Chamberlayne, (who claimed that he had an ancestor, William, in the time of King John, and that the advowson of the church of North Reston, which belonged to him, of which Henry le Chaumberleyn deforced him,) might have been
1. a descendant of the Sir William, grandson/nepos of Herbert, Chamberlain of Scotland.

This Sir William, is recorded as nepos of Herbert the Chamberlain in the Holyrood Liber, no. 14:

Herbert, chamberlain of the king of Scotland, has granted and by this his charter established to Holyrood Abbey, the church of Kinneil ..., with all its rights, in perpetual alms, with the consent and counsel of his sons Stephen and William. He wills that the aforesaid canons should possess this church as freely and quietly as any church in all Lothian, save the tenure of Sir William his nepos, for as long as he may wish to hold the church.[66]'Sir' William, who is called a clerk elsewhere, may simply have been a cleric.

The Barony of Kinneil had belonged to Herbert the Chamberlain. [67]

Lands of Kinneil with *Larbert and Auldcathy were given to Walter Fitz Gilbert, an ancestor of the Hamilton family, by Robert the Bruce in 1323.[68] Alternatively, he might have been related to the William le Chamberleyn, mentioned in the Book of Fees in connection to North Reston, which he held of Henry le Chamberleyn.[51]

In 1294, Richard Chamberlain of North Reston, and Joan, his wife, (imped., (impedientes= defendants) of 6 tofts and 5 bovates 1294 of land in Garton' in Holdernesse) who, from the time span, could have been Richard Chamberlayne and Joan née de Gatesden. A 'Peter de Nuttill' held two carucates of land in Holderness, and had grant of free warren in 1281. He was the patron of Hugo de Preston, incumbent of the chapel of Nuttill in 1301. [69]


For a (growing) table of primary sources showing Chamberlayne property deeds, see: Chamberlayne Primary Sources on Timeline

Sources

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hervey, William., (1866)., The Chamberlain pedigree. Retrieved from Google e-Books (Here;) Accessed 2 Nov 2024.
  2. ↑ Harvey, Clarencieux, William., (1566)., The Visitations of the County of Oxford Taken in the Years 1566: Vol. 5., (p.235).,Taylor and Company, (printers)., (Jan 1871). Retrieved from Google e-Books (Here;) Accessed 21 Jul 2023.
  3. ↑ Camden, William., (1877)., The Visitation of the County of Warwick in the Year 1619: Taken by William Camden, Clarenceaux King of Arms. (p.259)., Harleian Society. Retrieved from Google e-Books (Here;) Accessed 2 Nov 2024.
  4. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Gloucester Journal - Saturday 22 July 1837, p.2. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  5. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Gloucestershire Chronicle - Saturday 22 July 1837, p.2. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  6. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Oxford Journal - Saturday 29 July 1837, p.2. Serviendo Govierno! Retrieved (Public Domain) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  7. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Bristol Times and Mirror - Wednesday 29 September 1880, p.3. Retrieved (Public Domain) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  8. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Bristol Mercury - Friday 1 October 1880, p.2. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  9. ↑ Truth - Thursday 14 October 1880. p.8 Retrieved (Public Domain) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  10. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Isle of Wight Observer - Saturday 9 October 1880, p.8 Retrieved (Public Domain) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  11. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Nuneaton Observer - Friday 24 December 1909, p.7. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  12. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Motor Owner - Tuesday 1 June 1920, p.94. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Rugby Advertiser - Friday 1 July 1927, p.11. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  14. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Motor Owner - Friday 1 March 1929., p.21-25. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  15. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Country Life - Saturday 17 August 1940, pp.24-27. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
  16. ↑ British Newspaper Archive. Country Life - Thursday 25 October 1956, pp.46-49. Retrieved (with sub) from the bna (Here;) Accessed 7 Nov 2024.
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  20. ↑ Foster, Joseph, (1891) Alumni Oxonienses: the members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714: their parentage, birthplace, and year of birth, with a record of their degrees. Oxford and London: Parker and Co. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) 21 Nov 2024.
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  26. ↑ The Visitacion of Staffordschire Made by Robert Glover, Somerset Herald, Mareschall to William Flower, alias Norry Kinge of Armes, Anno D'ni 1583. Henry Sydney Grazebrook (Jan 1883). Mitchell and Hughes. Retrieved from Google Books (p.92;) Accessed 17 Apr 2022.
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  28. ↑ Styles, Philip., (1978)., Studies in Seventeenth Century West Midland History, (p.16). Kineton: The Roundwood Press. For snippet view see (Here;) Accessed 23 Nov 2024.
  29. ↑ Hughes, Professor Ann, Politics, Society and Civil War in Warwickshire, 1620-1660. Cambridge University Press, 16 May 2002. Retrieved from (Here;) Accessed 23 Dec 2020.
  30. ↑ Wotton, Thomas., (1727)., The English baronets. Being a genealogical and historical account of their families. ... With an explanatory index of the terms in heraldry, referring to the arms. Illustrated with their coats of arms...: Vol 1., (p.568). Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) Accessed 2 Dec 2024.
  31. ↑ Gesta Regis Henrici: the Chronicle of the reigns of Henry II and Richard I, A.D. 1169-1192. p.45. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (p.45) Accessed 9 Feb 2022.
  32. ↑ Asbridge, Thomas, (2015)., The Greatest Knight: The Remarkable Life of William Marshal, the Power behind Five English Thrones. (p.106)., Simon and Schuster.
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  34. ↑ Roger, of Hoveden, (abt. 1201) The annals of Roger de Hoveden. Comprising the history of England and of other countries of Europe from A.D. 732 to A.D. 1201., Vol.2., (p.375). London, H.G. Bohn (1853). Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) Accessed 10 Oct 2024.
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  36. ↑ Great Britain. Public Record Office; Great Britain. Court of Chancery. (1896)., Calendar of the close rolls preserved in the Public Record Office: Edward III; (1367, Membrane 6d., p. 401). Deputy Keeper of the Records., London: H. M. Stationery Office. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) Accessed 3 Nov 2024.
  37. ↑ White, Graeme., Continuity in Government, in Edmund King (ed.), The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign (Oxford, 1994; online edn, Oxford Academic, 3 Oct. 2011). Retrieved from aoup (Here;) Accessed 8 Nov 2024.
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  39. ↑ The Battle Abbey roll, with some account of the Norman lineages Battle Abbey; Cleveland, Catherine Lucy Wilhelmina Powlett, Duchess of, 1819-1901 (1889)., Vol 3., London J. Murray. Retrieved from the internet archive (Here;) Accessed 8 Nov 2024.
  40. ↑ Court of Chancery; Hardy, Thomas Duffus, Sir, 1804-1878; England. King John (1199-1216); (p.190)., Great Britain. Record Commission., (1837)., Rotuli chartarum (Charter Rolls) in turri Londinensi asservati., London: G. Eyre and A. Spottiswoode. Retrieved from the internet archive (Here;) Accessed 8 Nov 2024.
  41. ↑ A Calendar of the Feet of Fines for Wiltshire, (1195-1272)., ed. E.A.Fry., (1930), Somerset Feet of Fines, (Somerset record Society 6, 12, 17, 22).,
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  44. ↑ ed: Charles Clay, Diana E. Greenway (2013)., Early Yorkshire Families. (p. 14). Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from Google e-Books (Here;) Accessed 26 Jul 2023.
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  46. ↑ Clay, Charles., Sir., Greenway, Diana., (1973)., Early Yorkshire Families and Illustrative Documents. (Chamberlain (of Acklam and Wickenby))., (pp.13-15). Yorkshire Archaelogical Society. The Yorkshire Archaeological Society: Record Series Vol.135. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) Accessed 4 Dec 2024.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 47.2 ed. C. T. Clay., Farrer, William., (1963)., Early Yorkshire Charters, Vol.11., The Percy Fee. (pp.213-217). Yorkshire Archaeological Society. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here) and Cambridge Library Collection, from Google books (p.217) Accessed 16 Feb 2022.
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  49. ↑ Medieval Lands. Untitled English Nobility. Herbert: Chamberlain of David I King of Scotland and of Malcolm IV King of Scotland. Retrieved from fmg ac (Here;) Accessed 11 Nov 2024.
  50. ↑ Holyrood Liber, no. 14. Retrieved from poms (Here;) Accessed 10 Nov 2024.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Story-Maskelyne, Anthony St. John., Dawes, Michael Charles Burdett; Johnson, Harold Cottam., (1920)., Liber feodorum. The book of fees ... Testa de Nevill, ..from the earliest MSS.(Vol.1, (p.186)., Great Britain: Exchequer. Retrieved from the internet archive (Here;) Accessed 10 Nov 2024.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Lincolnshire Records Abstracts of Final Concords Temp. Richard I, John, and Henry III. Vol. I. (1896), W. Boyd: London: Spottiswoode & Co. Barnes, Robert., Bardolf Family Research. Retrieved from pdf doc in medieval genealogy (Here;) Accessed 9 Nov 2024.
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Stenton, F. M. (1920)., Documents illustrative of the social and economic history of the Danelaw, from various collections., London: Published for the British academy by H. Milford, Oxford university press. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) Accessed 23 Nov 2024.
  54. ↑ ed: Charles Clay, Diana E. Greenway (2013)., Early Yorkshire Families. (p. 14). Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from Google e-Books (Here;) Accessed 26 Jul 2023.
  55. ↑ Lincoln Record Society., (1911)., Vol. 46, (pp.224-225). The Publications - Lincoln Record Society Lincoln, Eng., Lincoln Record Society. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) Accessed 8 Apr 2024.
  56. ↑ Medieval Lands. Untitled English Ancestors. HERBERT (-[1160]). Chamberlain of David I King of Scotland and of Malcolm IV King of Scotland. Retrieved from fmg ac (Here;) Accessed 10 Nov 2024.
  57. ↑ The Archives of Lincoln College, Oxford; College Estates., Properties and Livings., Eckney and Petsoe, Buckinghamshire., Deeds., Gift of lands at Petsoe, Buckinghamshire. [late 13th century]. Retrieved from lca (Here;) Accessed 14 Jul 2024.
  58. ↑ The Archives of Lincoln College, Oxford; College Estates., Properties and Livings., Eckney and Petsoe, Buckinghamshire., Deeds., Gift of lands at Petsoe, Buckinghamshire, n.d. [late 13th century]. Retrieved from lca (Here;) Accessed 14 Jul 2024.
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  62. ↑ Nichols, John,. (1798)., (This publication: 1971)., The history and antiquities of the county of Leicester, Vol. 2, pt. 2., p. 459)., (Reprint) Wakefield: S.R. Publishers Ltd. Retrieved from the Internet Archive (Here;) Accessed 2 Dec 2024.
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  69. ↑ Poulson, George., (1841)., The History and Antiquities of the Seigniory of Holderness: In the East-Riding of the County of York, Including the Abbies of Meaux and Swine, with the Priories of Nunkeeling and Burstall, Vol. 2. (pp.366-367)., R. Brown ..., W. Pickering, London. Retrieved from Google e-Books (Here;) Accessed 27 Nov 2024.




Images: 10
Chamberlayne Coat of Arms
Chamberlayne Coat of Arms
The Heralds Roll: 236. William le Chamberlayne; Lord of North Reston and Petsoe
The Heralds Roll: 236. William le Chamberlayne; Lord of North Reston and Petsoe
Marks of Cadency
Marks of Cadency
Surrey Roll of Arms: Monsr. Richard Chamberleyn
Surrey Roll of Arms: Monsr. Richard Chamberleyn
The Chamberlayne Family Tree
The Chamberlayne Family Tree
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