Gut Eversburg, Niedersachsen One Place Study

This profile is part of the Gut Eversburg, Niedersachsen One Place Study.

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Name

Gut Eversburg was located about one kilometre south-west of Osnabrück's Piesberg, just across the Hase river in today's district of Eversburg, which is named after the manor house today. As of today, only an old chapel, a pub and the Petrus-Allee (St Peter's Avenue) with its St Peter's Monument still bear witness to its existence.

Even the earliest inhabitants of Gut Eversburg must have known about the thousand-year-old oak tree, which still bears witness to the long tradition of the settlement site and which stood on the site of the new Everskotten until it was demolished in 1971.

In any case, most of the Eversburg buildings demolished in 1840 are no longer standing today.

Geography

Continent: Europe

Country: Germany

District: Osnabrück

Municipality: Niedersachsen

GPS Coordinates: 52.3079 7.9967

Elevation:

History

The name of the Meyerhof Eversfelde farm appears for the first time around 1180 in a register of the cathedral provost Lentfried. According to this, Eversvelde had to serve the cathedral provost for three weeks and hand over 15 malt of oats, three wine shillings and three ounces of eggs: "Eversfelde tribus septimanis serviet. XV moltia avenae, tres solidos ad vinum, ovorum tres uncias".

Probably due to the Confoederatio cum principibus ecclesiastics^[1], issued on 26 April 1220, which enabled Emperor Friedrich II, the grandson of Barbarossa, to unite his northern and southern empires, the Pope allowed the bishops of the Cologne archdiocese to pledge the ecclesiastical bailiwicks in 1221. This also led to the cathedral chapter in Osnabrück buying back bailiwicks in order to retain all the regalia. Specifically, this happened in 1223, when Bishop Adolf of Osnabrück certified that the nobleman Hermann von Blankena had sold and abandoned several farms to the cathedral chapter, including the Meyerhof Eversfelde, but also Wallenhorst (see Meyer zu Wallenhorst) and the Horneschen Hof (see Hörnschemeyer) for 101 Marks.^[2]

In the following years, Osnabrück's Bishop Konrad II von Ritberg sold a large part of the land of the fields called Eversfeld (but not the Eversfeld farm) to various citizens of the rapidly growing city of Osnabrück to finance various feuds.

The expansion of the Eversfelde estate into a more fortified complex - the (Gut) Eversburg - probably took place in the 14th century. At the end of the 14th century, the Bishop of Osnabrück, Dietrich von Horne, had to fight considerable battles against Count Otto VI von Tecklenburg, who had become an increasing threat to the city of Osnabrück as he had become the lord of almost all the surrounding castles. Around 1300, a Landwehr (=land defence line) was therefore begun in the north-west of Osnabrück as a border to the county of Tecklenburg.^[3] This border line is still shown in almost unchanged form on a map from 1778; it also shows the course of the Landwehr.^[4] Note, in today's Eversburg district of Osnabrück, the Landwehrstraße runs along this old land defence line (Landwehr).

<TODO: Add image of the Landwehr map>

There is a passage through the land defence at the so-called Barenteich. The town bought the associated farm from the von Bar-family in 1353 in order to gain better control over the border. At such passages, there was typically a barrier and a corresponding guard who lived in a house next to the barrier.^[5]

In one of Osnabrück's town accounts from 1383, the expenses incurred by the guardian of the land defence "probe Eversborgh" (= before the Eversburg) are listed. The name Eversburg is documented for the first time in this document, so it can be assumed that the cathedral chapter had already developed the Eversfelde estate into a castle at this time. The use of the Eversburg was reserved for the provost of the Osnabrück cathedral chapter.

The bishop had succeeded in regaining the castles one after the other, and so in 1399, he extended the existing land defence line at Eversburg to Pye and Hollage in order to protect the inhabitants of the area north of the city gates. Prior to this, a watchtower had already been erected in a place called Dörnte, a farming community in Hollage, in 1397, which was later extended to become the so-called Dörenburg.

Population

Notables

Cathedral Provosts The cathedral provost was entitled to represent the cathedral chapter externally and to manage the cathedral chapter's assets. The use of the estate Gut Eversburg was reserved for the cathedral provost.^[6] This estate was the most important one among the cathedral chapter estates with an area of 560 acres, which experienced its heyday under Provost Ferdinand Ebbe (Kerssenbrock) von Kerssenbrock zu Brinke (1676-1754).

Provosts of the Chapter of the Cathedral of Osnabrück^[7]

Maps

Location of the Eversburg in the Prince-Bishopric in the 1770s

Osnabrugensis Episcopatus Nova Delineatio liberali opera. 1772.

Topographic Map of the Bishopric of Osnabrück, 1774.

Dominalgut Eversburg 1840

In a map from February and March 1840, the Dominalgut Eversburg (dominal property eversburg), including the Eversburg building, the surrounding fields and the surrounding buildings like the Everskotten can be seen.

Charte Nr. I von den zum Domanialgute Eversburg gehörenden alten Grundstücken

To allow users (and Google) to find the place names mentioned and depicted on this map, we are listing them in alphabetical order:

• Albers Wiese
• Auf der Haide
• Bahnhof Eversburg
• Baumschule
• Beim Buntenbaum
• Bruchwiese
• Brunnenallee
• Bungert
• Buntebaum
• Buntebaums Weg
• Dränkelesch
• Dreckwiese
• E. Meyer
• Eversburg
• Everskotten
• Garten
• Goldkamp
• Gösling Weide
• Gösling Wiese
• Große Brandkamp
• Großer Everskotten Dieckmann
• Großewiese
• Haase
• Haasenholt
• Haster Mark
• Hörneschemeyer
• Hofhaus Wiese
• Im Orte
• In der Terstraße
• Kalberkamp
• Kirchwiese
• Kleine Brandkamp
• Kottenbusch
• Kottenesch
• Kuhbruch
• Kuhweg
• Lammerplakken
• Landwehr Bach
• Langekamp
• Langewiese
• Langewiesenbusch
• Mittelstewiese
• Mostenort
• Mühlenesch
• Mühlenholz
• Nassekamp
• Neuekamp
• Neueweide
• Natruper Layschaft
• Paulsorth
• Petrusallee
• Pferdebruchswiese
• Pulverhaus
• Pyer alte Grundstücke
• Renertsgarten
• Timmer Allee
• U. Kuhlmann
• Uhrlagen Wiese
• Valberde
• Vogelheerd
• Vorm Haspel
• Wellmanns Kamp
• Wessels
• Wilhelms Busch
• Witten Wiese
• Wüpkenmoor

Sources

1. ↑ German Wikipedia: Confoederatio cum principibus ecclesiastics, accessed 8 April 2024.
2. ↑ Philippi, Friedrich: Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch, Band 2: Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201-1250, Osnabrück, 1896, Urkunde 171, page 126f., digital copy at archive.org, accessed 8 April 2024.
3. ↑ vom Bruch, Rudolf: Die Rittersitze des Fürstentums Osnabrück, Verlag der Buchhandlung H. Th. Wenner, Osnabrück, 1930, see a digital copy at Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld.
4. ↑ Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv Osnabrück: Charte von der streitigen Grenze zwischen dem Hochstifte und Fürstenthume Osnabrück und der Grafschaft Tecklenburg. Digitalisat bei Arcinsys, NLA OS K 103 Nr. 4 H Bl. 3.
5. ↑ Folkert Klaaßen, Bernd Thober: Chronik Eversburg, Rasch Verlag, Bramsche, 2004.
6. ↑ vom Bruch, Rudolf: Die Rittersitze des Fürstentums Osnabrück, Verlag der Buchhandlung H. Th. Wenner, Osnabrück, 2004, page 70ff.
7. ↑ Hermann Stieglitz: Handbuch des Bistums Osnabrück, Bischöfliches Generalvikariat Osnabrück (Hrsg.), Verlag Dombücherstube Osnabrück, Osnabrück, 1991, 2. völlig neubearbeitete Auflage, ISBN 3925164103, page 32.

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