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Harald the Black and his relatives

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The goal of this project is to sort out Harald the Black and his relatives as requested on G2G - Harald the Black and his relatives are a tangled mess

Members: Richard Devlin.

Here are some of the tasks that I think need to be done. I'll be working on them, and could use your help.

  • Find sources for all profiles in question
  • What profiles to disconnect
  • What profiles to merge
  • What profiles need to be created

Contents

Profiles in question

Please add your research and sources


Guðrøðr Kvithand Haraldsson

Before untangling we had:

Gudrød Kvithand Haraldsson (abt.1025-abt.1095)
Relationships:
Children: Out of scope of this project
Spouses: Out of scope of this project
Parents: Harald (Guðrøðarson) Gudrodsson (0980-abt.1040) and Consort Norway Ragnfredsdatter (abt.1000-)
Biography: Yes, Swedish and English
Sources: Limited secondary sources

Other sites:

Wikipedia section on Familial origins his familial origins cites many academic articles in discussing his origins. Some sources name his father as Harald the Black, others name him as 'mac maic Arailt' implying his grandfather was Harold (not discussed there is whether both things could be true). Another Welsh pedigree records him as son of Harald the Black, who was son of "Ifor Gamle" (Ímar mac Arailt). However, all these sources are 13th-14th century manuscripts copying earlier material.

Young[1] postulates a completely different ancestry, as follows. After the death of Godred Haraldson in 989, the Sudreys came under the Earls of Orkney, but by some point in the 990s a son of Erik Bloodaxe ruled all or part of the Sudreys. According to the Heimskringla, Gudrod and Ragnfrid moved to the Orkneys after the battle of Lymford in 970. Ragnfrid returned to Norway in 971, fought two battles and "according to Gustav Heber relying on the authority of Bugge" sailed to Man and established a dynasty. However, 'Heber lists the names of all Erik Bloodaxe's sons except Godred and ti is felt that he and Bugge have confused Ragnfrid with Godred. This view is supported by Gaute Barfoth of Göteborg … in the New York Public Library … he found an authority which stated that Godred, son of Erik Bloodaxe, married the Heiress of Islay … and that their son was Harald the Black". He speculates that the Heiress of Islay may have been the daughter of Godred Haraldson. He argues that the names used in subsequent generation favour Gudrod over Ragnfrid as the relevant son of Erik Bloodaxe. Young's sources are not entirely clear. The index indicates that Bugge is E S Bugge, glossed as "Norwegian historian", as is Gustav Heber. No works by these men appear in the "highly selective" bibliography. Gaute Barfoth appears to be Sven Gaute Barfoth whose name appears here in conjunction with Young's.

Wikipedia:no:Gustav_Heber.
Wikipedia:no:Sophus_Bugge

MedLands distinguishes between Godred Crovan and GODFRID “Meranach” (-1095). King of Dublin, stating that "from a chronological point of view, it is possible that [they were] the same person". This is in contrast to the studies cited in Wikipedia which all consider them to be the same, but there is then no difficulty with the names son of Harald and son of son of Harald in the different chronicles.

Harald the Black

Before untangling we had:

Harald (Guðrøðarson) Gudrodsson (0980-abt.1040)
Relationships:
Children: Gudrød Kvithand Haraldsson (abt.1025-abt.1095)
Spouses: Consort Norway Ragnfredsdatter (abt.1000-)
Parents: Godfred Haraldsson (abt.0935-0989), Unknown Of Islay (0955-)
Biography: No
Sources: No
Harald Gudrødsen (abt.1000-abt.1040)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: None
Parents: Gudrød Eriksen II (abt.0930-abt.0999), Unknown Of Islay (0955-)
Biography: Limited, mostly as originally imported
Sources: No
Harald Godfreidsson (1000-1040) (Harald "The Black, Haraldi nigri de Ysland" Godfreidsson)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: Unknown Ragnfredsdatter (1000-1040), Unknown Ragnfredsdotter (1022-1040)
Parents: Godred I (Haraldson) Haraldsson (-1040), no mother
Biography: Yes, mostly quotes
Sources: Limited secondary sources
Harald I den svarte Gudrödsson (0980-1040)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: Rangfredsdotter Unknown (0975-)
Parents: None
Biography: Yes
Sources: ?

All Merges completed:

final profile - Harald "den svarte, King of Man"
NOTE: the same spouse Ragnfredsdotter now has 4 profiles attached here


Other sites:

Ragnfreðsdóttir

Before untangling we had:

Consort Norway Ragnfredsdatter (abt.1000-)
Relationships:
Children: Gudrød Kvithand Haraldsson (abt.1025-abt.1095)
Spouses: Harald (Guðrøðarson) Gudrodsson (0980-abt.1040)
Parents: Rangfred (Eiriksson) Eriksson (0930-0970), no mother
Biography: No
Sources: No
Rangfredsdotter Unknown (0975-)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: Harald (Guðrøðarson) Gudrodsson (0980-abt.1040)
Parents: no father, Ragnfred av Norge (0923-)
Biography: Yes, duplicated English and Swedish, looks like copy-and-paste from another site
Sources: Nothing explicit but some cryptic mentions in biography of Alexander Bugge cited by G.V.C Young, 1986
Unknown Ragnfredsdatter (1000-1040)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: Harald Godfreidsson (1000-1040)
Parents: None
Biography: No
Sources: No
Unknown Ragnfredsdotter (1022-1040)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: Harald Godfreidsson (1000-1040)
Parents: Rangfred (Eiriksson) Eriksson (0930-0970), no mother
Biography: No
Sources: No

Other sites:

Young has numerous works but none relevant in 1986 that I can see. Alexander Bugge was a Norwegian historian, son of E S Bugge.

  • 19th April 2023 - all four profiles ready to be merged - all placed with same father; no mother involved - 3 profiles completely cleaned - new sourced bio will be entered on Rangfredsdotter family name unknown - V.W.
  • proposed merges -

B Consort Norway Ragnfredsdatter (Ragnfredsdatter-1) and D Rangfredsdotter Unknown (Unknown-272543) were already connected in a proposed merge.

D Unknown Ragnfredsdotter (Ragnfredsdotter-1) and C Unknown Ragnfredsdatter (Ragnfredsdatter-4) were already connected in a proposed merge.

B Consort Norway Ragnfredsdatter (Ragnfredsdatter-1) and A Rangfredsdotter Unknown (Unknown-272543) were already connected in a proposed merge.

D Rangfredsdotter Unknown (Unknown-272543) and B Consort Norway Ragnfredsdatter (Ragnfredsdatter-1) were already connected in a proposed merge.

  • Merges completed 21st April - V.W.


Guðrøðr Haraldsson

Before untangling we had:

Godfred Haraldsson (abt.0935-0989)
Relationships:
Children: Harald (Guðrøðarson) Gudrodsson (0980-abt.1040), Ranald (Man) and The Isles (0980-1005)
Spouses: Phingola Fionghuala Maclochlan (abt.0950-), Unknown Of Islay (0955-)
Parents: Harald Sitricsson (0925-0940), Edgyth (UNKNOWN) Unknown
Biography: Yes, but confuses him with Guðrøðr Kvithand Haraldsson
Sources: Secondary: Ancient Wales Studies, Qualtrough, Viking Pirates and Christian Princes
Godred I (Haraldson) Haraldsson (-1040)
Relationships:
Children: Harald Godfreidsson (1000-1040)
Spouses: None
Parents: Harald Sigtryggrsson (-0940), no mother
Biography: Commentary on confusion
Sources: MedLands

Other sites:

Guðrøðr Eiriksson

Before untangling we had:

Gudrød Eriksen II (abt.0930-abt.0999)
Relationships:
Children: Harald Gudrødsen (abt.1000-abt.1040)
Spouses: Unknown Of Islay (0955-)
Parents: Eirik Blodøks Haraldsson (0895-0954), Gunhild Kongemor Gormsdatter (abt.0910-abt.0980)
Biography: Data import
Sources: None
Gudrød (Eriksson) Eiriksson (abt.0930-abt.0999)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: Heiress of Islay (0930-1020)
Parents: Eirik Blodøks Haraldsson (0895-0954), no mother
Biography: No
Sources: No

Other sites:

  • No English Wikipedia entry.
  • Medlands: GUDRÖD Eriksson (-murdered [Alrekstad] 999)

Heiress of Islay

Unknown Of Islay (0955-)
Relationships:
Children: Harald Gudrødsen (abt.1000-abt.1040), Harald (Guðrøðarson) Gudrodsson (0980-abt.1040)
Spouses: Godfred Haraldsson (abt.0935-0989), Gudrød Eriksen II (abt.0930-abt.0999)
Parents: None
Biography: Data import
Sources: No
Heiress of Islay (0930-1020)
Relationships:
Children: None
Spouses: Gudrød (Eriksson) Eiriksson (abt.0930-abt.0999)
Parents: None
Biography: Gedcom junk
Sources: No

Other sites:

No sources on these profiles. Her existence so far only attested in Young[2] - see discussion under Guðrøðr Kvithand Haraldsson.

Ragnfreðr Eiriksson

Before untangling we had:

Rangfred (Eiriksson) Eriksson (0930-0970)
Relationships:
Children: Consort Norway Ragnfredsdatter (abt.1000-), Unknown Ragnfredsdotter (1022-1040)
Spouses: None
Parents: Eirik Blodøks Haraldsson (0895-0954), Gunhild Kongemor Gormsdatter (abt.0910-abt.0980)
Biography: Comment and gedcom junk
Sources: Hull Royalty site (dead link)
Ragnfred av Norge (0923-) (female but described as male in bio)
Relationships:
Children: Rangfredsdotter Unknown (0975-)
Spouses: None
Parents: Eirik Blodøks Haraldsson (0895-0954), Gunhild Kongemor Gormsdatter (abt.0910-abt.0980)
Biography: Swedish, clearly copy and paste from another site
Sources: In bio: A Nordic Chronology page 64-65, Alf Henriksson; G.V.C. Young, Isle of Man; All the way from Vendelkråka, Alf Henriksson

Other sites:

Haraldr Sigtryggsson

Before untangling we had:

Harald Sitricsson (0925-0940)
Relationships:
Children: Godfred Haraldsson (abt.0935-0989)
Spouses: Edgyth (UNKNOWN) Unknown
Parents: Sigtryggr Blinde Ivarsson (abt.0880-0927), no mother
Biography: One line
Sources: Wikipedia:Harald_Sigtryggsson
Harald Sigtryggrsson (-0940)
Relationships:
Children: Godred I (Haraldson) Haraldsson (-1040)
Spouses: None
Parents: Sigtryggr Blinde Ivarsson (abt.0880-0927), no mother
Biography: No
Sources: MedLands

Merges:

  • Proposed 13 Apr 2023 Sitricsson-1 and Sigtryggrsson-1
  • NEW researched profile entered on Sigtryggrsson-1 V.W.

Other sites:

Fionnghuala Maclochlan

Before untangling we had:

Phingola Fionghuala Maclochlan (abt.0950-)
Relationships:
Children: Ranald (Man) and The Isles (0980-1005)
Spouses: Godfred Haraldsson (abt.0935-0989)
Parents: None
Biography: None
Sources: Online genealogies

Other sites:

  • No English Wikipedia entry.
  • MedLands: not found.

Røgnvaldr Guðrøðsson

Before untangling we had:

Ranald (Man) and The Isles (0980-1005)
Relationships:
Children: Olaf of Man (Ranaldsson) Rögnvaldsson (abt.1005-)
Spouses: None
Parents: Godfred Haraldsson (abt.0935-0989), Phingola Fionghuala Maclochlan (abt.0950-)
Biography: None
Sources: Qualtrough

Name variations: Ranald, Røgnvaldr Guðrøðsson (Downham), Ragnall son of Gofraid (Woolf), Reginald (Young)

Other sites:

  • Wikipedia:Ragnall_mac_Gofraid is very long considering how few references there are to him.
  • MedLands[3] has a very brief entry noting his death recorded in the Annals of Ulster.

Downham [4] states that he was the next reported King of the Isles after his father Guðrøðr Haraldsson (d. 989). He died in Munster in 1005. She cites Annals of Innisfallen s.a. [1004], Annals of Ulster s.a. 1004 [=1005], Chronicum Scotorum s.a. 1003 [=1005]. He may have been succeeded by Lagmann, described as king of Suauorum by William of Jumièges, but as no King of Sweden with this name is recorded, emending to Sudrorom (Sudreys) has been suggested by several scholars.[5] Her genealogical chart places Lögmaðr (Lagmann, fl.1012) as brother of Røgnvaldr and father of Óláfr (d.1014) and Røgnvaldr as the possible father of Echmarcach King of Dublin (d.1064).[6]

Woolf[7] mentions him as Ragnall, King of Innse Gall, son and apparent successor of Gofraid, died 1005, and presents argument with citations to others who have argued the same, that his Ragnall was the father of Echmarcach son of Ragnall, King of Dublin (by 1035).


Eirik Blodøks Haraldsson

Doesn't need untangling, but bio could do with editing into a coherent whole.

Eirik Blodøks Haraldsson (0895-0954)

Other sites:

Gunhild Kongemor Gormsdatter

Doesn't need untangling, but needs sources.

Gunhild Kongemor Gormsdatter (abt.0910-abt.0980)

Other sites:

Harald II (Eriksson) Greycloak

Harald (Eriksson) King of Norway II (abt.0935-0970)

G2G comment: Part of the problem is that someone has confused Harald the Black with Harald Grafeldar ("Greycloak"), King of Norway, who was the son of Eirik Bloodyaxe, King of Norway. These are clearly two different Haralds.

Other sites:

Sigtryggr Blinde Ivarsson

Doesn't need untangling, but needs sources.

Sigtryggr Blinde Ivarsson (abt.0880-0927)

Other sites:

Eadgyth of Polesworth

Before untangling we had:

Edgyth (UNKNOWN) Unknown
Relationships:
Children: Godfred Haraldsson (abt.0935-0989)
Spouses: Harald Sitricsson (0925-0940)
Parents: None
Biography: Brief
Sources: Wikipedia:Harald_Sigtryggsson, Wikipedia:Edith_of_Polesworth

Other sites:

MedLands under SIHTRIC "Caoch", grandson of IMAR, son of --- (-[926/27)] and SIHTRIC "Caoch" (-[926/27)]:"The Book of Hyde names "Athelstanum…et Elfredum et Edgytham" as the children of King Eadweard "ex concubina Egwynna", specifying that Eadgyth married "Sirichio regi Northanhymbrorum" and was buried at Tamworth"

Request merges




Sources

  1. ↑ Young, Through a Glass Darkly, pages 39-40.
  2. ↑ Young, Through a GLass Darkly, page 40.
  3. ↑ RÆGNALD (-1005). King of Hebrides https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY.htm#_ftnref1218
  4. ↑ Downham, Viking Kings, page 197.
  5. ↑ Downham, Viking Kings, page 133.
  6. ↑ Downham, Viking Kings, page 193.
  7. ↑ Woolf, Pictland to Alba, page 246
  • Downham, Clare. Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland. (Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press ,2007)
  • Duffy, Sean. "Ireland and the Irish Sea region, 1014-1318". PhD thesis, 1993, Trinity College Dublin. http://www.tara.tcd.ie/handle/2262/77137
  • Qualtrough, John K. Kings of Man. http://www.qualtrough.org/history/Kings-of-Man.pdf (Accessed 15 April 2023.)
  • Woolf, Alex. From Pictland to Alba 789-1070. (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007.)
  • Young, G. V. C. The History of the Isle of Man under the Norse, or Now Through a Glass Darkly. (Peel: Mansk-Svenska Publishing, 1981.)




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Willis-3076 Valerie Willis
working on this problem after blundering about all day yesterday, I discovered another untouched parallel upload, and now have a handle on them, so will write up their profiles and list them here for merging & adoption by the Early Scandinavian Project.

Sweyn Rolfi (Olafson) Asleifsson (abt. 1115 - 1171)

Asleif Hrolfsson formerly Gairsay 1104-1136

Olaf Hrolfsson 1085-1136

posted by Valerie Willis
edited by Valerie Willis