K1a4a1b mtDNA Haplogroup

Date: [unknown] [unknown]
Location: Strawbery Banke, Massachusetts Bay Colony

Surnames/tags: Walford K1a4a1b

Profile manager: Janice Webster

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A summary and description of the mtDNA haplogroup K1a4a1b, with references and links to related discussions and resources. See https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Category:K1a4a1b_mtDNA_Group_1 to see others who have added K1a4a1b category to their profile pages.

If you share this exact mtDNA haplogroup (ie K1a4a1b), please leave a comment, and who your earliest matrilineal female ancestor is. Others are, of course, welcome to comment.

This is a work in progress!!! Please feel free to make or suggest corrections and improvements!

1 mtDNA Basics
2 History of this Group
3 First Generation Descendants of Jane
4 Research Notes
5 K1a4a1b Ancient DNA
6 Sources
7 Suggested Reading on Jane and husband Thomas Walford

mtDNA Basics

The International Society of Genetic Genealogy has a precisely written description of what the mtDNA test is and what can be gleaned from its results. That society also provides additional reading on the topic so I strongly urge those who do not understand mtDNA to read further.

Don't be deterred by the "nay-sayers" who state that not much can be gleaned from a mtDNA test. In my case they are totally wrong. The same could be said for you. What IS important, is that you perform careful research using all the tools at your disposal to create an accurate family tree, especially your matrilineal line (your mother, grandmother, her mother, etc back in time to the earliest connection you can discover.

In my own case, my research went back to a woman born in 1598 in Europe and died about 1681 in colonial America. Her maiden name is not known, and so for now this causes a problem in researching earlier women of her line. But to find a total of six (including myself) living women and one man who share this haplogroup, and can also be traced "on paper" to Jane, wife of Thomas Walford, was an exciting journey.

History of this Group

Following 50 years of genealogical research, with a focus on maternal lines using primary evidence, a direct matrilineal ancestor of Janice Webster was traced to Jane, wife of Thomas Walford of Charlestown and later Portsmouth, both at that time located in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Jane was the first woman to be accused of witchcraft in New Hampshire, and though accused multiple times, she was never convicted. She also appears to be the first female landowner in New Hampshire. Many books and articles have been written about her.

In order to clarify and prove this relationship, a mt-DNA test was performed at FamilyTreeDNA with the results of kit FTDNA kit #938454. This test revealed 34 Matches indicating 5 individuals match with 0 distance, and 8 individuals who match with a distance of 1 (and 16 with a distance of 3). Regarding mtDNA distance: "Matching exactly on the Mitochondrial DNA Full Sequence test brings your matches into more recent times. It means that you have a 50% chance of sharing a common maternal ancestor within the last 5 generations. That is about 125 years."^[1]

I have been able to identify 6 of those FTDNA matches as also (besides my own) direct matrilineal descendants of Jane through genealogical research proofs. Four matches are a distance of zero, and one match has a distance of 1. Probably others in this would would match genealogically to Jane, however they cannot yet provide genealogy proof and details to facilitate that connection. It is also possible that some of the matches connect at one or more generations before Jane. Since Jane's surname is unknown at this time (NO it is not Guy), it becomes exponentially difficult to prove the mtDNA connections beyond (ancestor levels above) Jane.

Since none of these matches, except myself are known members of WikiTree, I have created a list showing their descent from Jane to themselves, using initials for the matches to maintain their anonymity. They are as follows:

1) Janice Webster >> a descendant of Jane & Thomas Walford >> Mary (Walford) Brookings & William Brookings >> Mary (Brookings) Lucey & Thomas Lucey >> Elizabeth (Lucy) Chandler & William Chandler Jr >> Catherine (Chandler) Rand & Benjamin Rand >> Ablgail (Rand) Sisco & William Sisco >> Catherine (Sisco) Judd & Jule Judd >> Abigail (Judd) Brown & George Washington Brown >> Emily Ann (Brown) Ryan & Patrick John Ryan >> Adda Cornelia (Ryan) Manning & Charles Aloysius Manning >> Mary (Manning) Webster & Berwin Howard Webster >> Janice Webster (see 1st person)
2) P.F. >> a descendant of Jane & Thomas Walford >> Martha (Walford) Westbrook & John Westbrook >> Mary Hannah (Westbrook) Knight & Nathan Knight >> Margaret (Knight) Starbird & Thomas Starbird II >> Rhoda (Starbird) Carll & Robert Carll/Carle >> Hannah Carl (1748-1825) & Joseph Foss (1735-1773) >> Ruth "Peggy" Foss (1785-1865) & Andrew Spaulding (1786-1857) >> Martha A. Miller (Spaulding) Spaulding (1824-1876) & William Spaulding (1819-1911) >> Lois Jane (Spaulding) Buker 1859-1896 & Charles Elbridge Buker 1853-1914 >> Florence Alma (Buker) Buzzell 1880-1959 & George Melvin Buzzell (1872-1929) >> Martha "Mattie" (Buzzell) Foley 1896-1968 & John Lawrence "Jack" Foley 1877-1945 >> Mary Judity (Foley) MacKay (1924-2019) & Francis MacKay (1923-1991) >> P.F.
3. A.S. >> a descendant of Jane & Thomas Walford >> Martha (Walford) Westbrook & John Westbrook >> Mary Hannah (Westbrook) Knight & Nathan Knight >> Margaret (Knight) Starbird & Thomas Starbird II >> Rhoda (Starbird) Carll & Robert Carll/Carle >> >> Hannah Carl (1748-1825) & Joseph Foss (1735-1773) >> Ruth "Peggy" Foss (1785-1865) & Andrew Spaulding (1786-1857) >> Harriett Spaulding (1818-1870) & Arnold Thayer Flagg (1816-1884) >> Mary E. Flagg (1849-c1877) & Charles A. Fifield (1844-?) >> Sarah Ella "Sadie" (Fifield) Peabody (1872-1932) & Newell Leander Peabody (1857-1908) >> Ella Mabel (Peabody) (1892-1930) & Albert Warren Spaulding (1901-1936) >> A.S.
4. C.E.W. a descendant of Jane & Thomas Walford >> Martha (Walford) Westbrook & John Westbrook >> Mary Hannah (Westbrook) Knight & Nathan Knight >> Hannah (Knight) Sealy 1700-1799 & John Silea/Selley 1699-1765 >> Abigail (Sealy) Knight 1746-1691 & Capt. Thomas Knight 1741-1818 >> Mary/Polly (Knight) Gay 1774-1861 & David Gay (1769-1861) >> Abigail (Gay) Wood 1794-1879 & Theophilus Wood 1787-1859 >> Abigail Elizabeth (Wood) Enman 1812-1897 & David Leslie Enman II 1811-1893 >> Mary (Enman) Reid 1847-1908 & Daniel Reid 1849-1924 >> Sarah Emma Enman (Reid) Thompson 1863-1901 & Charles Peter Thompson 1847-1923 >> Elizabeth Ellen (Thompson) Parkman 1893-1975 & Clarence Earl Parkman 1886-1968 >> Eleanor Louise (Parkman) Henderson 1912-2008 & Ralph Elmo Henderson 1910-1959 >> Elizabeth Alice Henderson 1931-2019 & Roy C. Martin >> C.E.A.
5. G.S. a descendant of Jane & Thomas Walford >> Martha (Walford) Westbrook & John Westbrook >> Mary Hannah (Westbrook) Knight & Nathan Knight >> Sarah (Knight) Brackett 1708-1756 & Anthony Brackett 1708-1784 >> Sarah Brackett (1740-1820) & J Fabyan (1742-1799) >> Sarah Fabyan (1775-1846) & Ezra Carter (1773-1868) >> Sarah B. Carter (1800-1894) & Calvin Ira Foss (1798-1835) >> Phebe Carter Foss (1832-1913) & David Sessions (1823-1896) >> Olive C. Sessions (1859-1932) & William H. Corbridge (1844-1914) >> Isabell Corbridge (1890-1981) & Delbert M. Ellison (1887-1936) >> Doris Marie Ellison (1915-2004) & Harold H. Saunders (1912-1996) >> G.S.
6. S. B. a descendent of Jane & Thomas Walford >> Martha (Walford) Westbrook & John Westbrook >> Mary Hannah (Westbrook) Knight & Nathan Knight >> Sarah (Knight) Brackett 1708-1756 & Anthony Brackett 1708-1784 >> Sarah Brackett (1740-1820) & J Fabyan (1742-1799) >> Sarah Fabyan (1775-1846) & Ezra Carter (1773-1868) >> Sarah B. Carter (1800-1894) & Calvin Ira Foss (1798-1835) >> Phebe Carter Foss (1832-1913) & David Sessions (1823-1896) >> Olive C. Sessions (1859-1932) & William H. Corbridge (1844-1914) >> Olive E. Corbridge (1881-1959) and Walton A Roberts (1873-1953) >> Arvilla Roberts (1900-1998) and Rulon Garn Ford (1900-1997) >> Kathleen Ford (1931-1985 and Arlin Ottual Bloomfield (1932-2006) >> S B.

7.K.P. >> a MALE descendant of Jane & Thomas Walford >> Martha (Walford) Westbrook & John Westbrook >> Mary Hannah (Westbrook) Knight & Nathan Knight >> Hannah Knight (1700-1799) & John Silea/Selley >> Abigail Sealy/Seeley (1746-1791) & Capt. Thomas Knight >> Mary "Polly" Knight (1774-1874) & David Gay >> Abigail Gay (1794-1879) & Theophilus Wood >> Susannah Wood (1825-1908) & Richard Berhoe/Brehaut >> Mary Ann Berhoe/Brehaut (1848-?) & David McLennan/MacLennan >> Annie May McLennan (1879-1911) & William Henry Mutlow >> Mary Elizabeth Mutlow (1908-1998) & Irwin James Rickards >> Frances Mary Rickards (1930-1998) & John W. Pascoe >> K.P.

First Generation Descendants of Jane

Children of Jane and her husband Thomas Walford:

Thomas Walford
Jane Walford, born1624 in England; died after 1667 at Portsmouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony (now in Rockingham County, New Hampshire. She married 1644 at Kittery, York, Maine to Rev. Thomas Peverly / Peavey. Had 8-10 children. She married 2d) 30 Jun 1670 to Richard Goss
Jeremiah Walford, born 1629 in England; died June 1660 at Newcastle (now in Rockingham County New Hampshire). He married Mary Bachelder. He made his will Apr. 16, 1662 leaving widow Mary and children Jeremiah, Thomas and two daughters. (Widow Mary afterwards married John Amensene.)
Hannah Walford born 1633 in Portsmouth, New Hampshire; died 1682 at Portsmouth, Rockingham, New Hampshire. She married abt 1649 at Portsmouth NH or Kittery Maine to Alexander (OR) George Jones. Children (JONES) born at Newcastle NH: Jeremiah, Samuel Alexander, Sarah, Cnrnelius, William and Thomas.
Mary Walford born 1635 at Portsmouth, New Hampshire and died AFT. 1720 at New Castle, New Hampshire. She m1) Bef. 1654 atPortsmouth, New Hampshire to William BROOKINGS / BROOKEN / BROOKIN. 7 children, one son and six daughters. As a widow she m2d) aft 1794 to William WALKER.
Elizabeth Walford born 1643 at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and died 3 JAN 1702 at Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She married Henry Savage and had son John and daughter Esther.
Martha Walford born 1645 married 1) abt 1662 to John Westbrook. They had 6 children: John, Abigail, Job, Mary "Hannah", Martha and Thomas. m2) by 1666 to Thomas Hinchson or Hickson / Hinkson.
Note, an UNPROVEN child of Thomas & Jane Walford is Sarah Walford born about 1640; married Michel HICKS of Portsmouth. He was from Barbadoes. He made his will in 1668. His widow Sarah was in Portsmouth in 1697.

Research Notes

In his will, dated 15 November 1666 and proved 27 June 1667, "Thomas Walford Senior ... though very sick & weak of body" directed that "my body to be buried in the burying place near Mr. Henry Shirburn's"; "to my grandchild Thomas Walford my now dwelling house, with all the outhousing, orchard, garden & tillage ground now in use, with as much upland to it & next adjoining as will make up the whole one hundred acres with ten acres of meadow or marsh grounds, and my old mare"; "to my grandchild his brother Jeremiah Walford fifty acres of upland & four acres of marshland"; "to John Peverly a point of marsh about half an acre, lying before his father's door"; "my grandchild John Westebrook twenty acres of upland"; "Mary Hingson my grandchild all my upland lying at the head of the marsh formerly possessed by my son-in-law Thomas Hingson"; "to my grandchild Mary Homes all my upland lying to or near the meadow or marsh that her husband John Homes possesseth"; "to my daughter Peverly my mare colt"; "I having nine cattle ... I dispose of them thus, viz. my wife Jane Walford to have her thirds out of them, & then to pay my debts, & the remainder to be employed towards the bringing up of my grandchild Thomas Walford in learning at school"; "nine swine I thus dispose of: I give one of the youngest sows to Martha Walford my grandchild, one young sow to Sarah Jones my grandchild, one young sow to Mary Savidg my grandchild, one sow & one barrow to my daughter Westbrook, one old sow to my daughter Peverly, one young one to my grandchild Samuell Jones, one young one to my grandchild Hester Savidg, one swine towards my burial, one young one to John Homes"; "my corn about fifty bushels I allow towards my debts, & the remainder to be at the disposing of my executors for the benefit of the children"; "my servant John Read I dispose of him to my son-in-law John Westbrook for the time he hath to serve"; residue to executors "to be disposed of by them for the use & good of my children"; one third part of estate to "my wife Jane Walford"; "Mr. Henry Shirburne & Richard Tucker both of this town of Portsmouth" executors . The inventory of Thomas Walford was taken 21 November 1666 and totaled £76 6s. 11d. . On 27 June 1667 Jane Walford, widow, "aged sixty-nine years or thereabouts," deposed that her husband Thomas Walford "did give to Elizabeth Savidg his daughter a piece of marsh ... about nine years before he died ... & further I myself gave my consent" . In the ongoing dispute over the estate of Thomas Walford, his four surviving daughters on 6-7 September 1681 were "Jane Goss, Hanna Jones, Mary Brooking & Elizabeth Savage" .^[2]

"A number of respectable persons testified that in their opinion goodwife Jane Walford of Portsmouth was a witch. This was in 1656. Jane vanished out of sight in the shape of a cat. She brought strange disease upon a certain person, whose back became as a flame of fire. She touched the breast of another and he was in great pain till the next day. She even was thought to bewitch cattle. A yellowish cat seen in a garden grew to be three cats, all somehow identified with Janes Walford. One witness said there were three witches at Stawberry Bank; 'one was Thomas Turpin, who was drowned accidentally; another was old Ham; and the third should be nameless because he should be blameless.; The case against goodwife Walford was dropped and she brought action for slander against one person 1669 against Robert Couch who called her a witch, sueing for one thousand pounds and getting a verdict in her favor for five pounds and costs of court."^[3]

K1a4a1b Ancient DNA

Sources

↑ Website: DNAeXplained – Genetic Genealogy. CONCEPTS GENETIC DISTANCE. Roberta Jestes (https://dna-explained.com/2016/06/29/concepts-genetic-distance/)
↑ New Hampshire. Probate Court., Metcalf, H. Harrison., Stearns, E. Scollay., Hammond, O. Grant., Batchellor, A. Stillman. (19071941). Probate records of the province of New Hampshire ... 1635-[1771]. Concord, N.H.: Rumford Printing Co. HathiTrust, Will of Thomas Walford. page 87-88 (https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=yale.39002002223957&view=1up&seq=135&q1=%22Jane%20Walford%22)
↑ Stackpole, E. Schermerhorn. (1916). History of New Hampshire. New York: The American Historical Society. 1916, page 74. (https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4941944&view=1up&seq=98&q1=%22Jane%20Walford%22)