Kabupi and the Aftermath of the War

Date: [unknown] [unknown]
Location: [unknown]

Kabupi/Gaboo

Contents 1 Years Following, The Aftermath 1.1 Death 1.2 Later 2 Sources

Years Following, The Aftermath

"More than one-quarter of the Dakota people who surrendered in 1862 died during the following year. After their exile from Minnesota, the Dakota faced concentration onto reservations, pressure to assimilate, and opening of reservation land for white settlement."[3]

Kabupi/Joseph and Jane Coursolle lost a substantial farm in the 1862 war. A claim was made for losses of $2704.00.

Claim No. 1139, Joseph Coursolle; statement and schedule 4 Apr 1863 (signed by Joseph Coursoll) filed 25 May 1863 by attorney William P. Murray of St. Paul; power of attorney signed 8 June 1863; statement June 2 (signed by Joseph Coursoll); statement Sept 23 (signed with the mark of Jane Coursoll); statement 19 Oct 1863 (signed with the mark of Harriet Robinet); finding in favor of $1,200.00 31 Oct 1863 ($200.00 paid from "present relief fund" and $1000 paid to/through attorney Murray 13 Aug !864)^[1]

We, the undersigned, Commissioners, appointed under the Act of Congress Approved February 16th, 1863, after hearing and considering the annexed Claim and evidence, find that the claimant is entitled to Twelve hundred Dollars as direct damages $1200.00. Paid him out of "Present Relief" Fund Two hundred Dollars 200.00. Balance due, $1000.00. We also find due him as consequential damages, - [0] Dollars. Witness our hands at Minneapolis, Minnesota, this 31st day of October A. D., 1863 . . . White . . . Chase . . . Aldrich

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1863 - A record (#906) from Minnesota Historical Society Manuscript Collection Microfilm Call #: M263, Church of St. Peter (Mendota, Minn.), Parish registers, 1857-1973 is most probably for Irene Coursolle, the daughter of Joseph Coursolle and Jane Kilcool, born in 1863. An attempt at reading the record and translating it from latin follows:

A. D. 1863 die vero 7 julii baptizavi Reginam die 27 ultini natam ex Josepho Cursole et Joanna Kilcole, ?conjugibus? patrini fueri Franciscus McCoy et Cecilia Turpin

Translation: A. D. 1863 on this very day 7 of July I baptize Regina day 27 last was born out of Joseph Coursolle and Jane Kilcool, married couple godparents will be Francois McCoy and Cecilia Turpin

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In 1865, Joseph and Jane Curso [sic] were recorded with three sons, Joseph, Lewis, and Aaron, in Wheatland, Rice, Minnesota (Image). It is not clear why their daughters were not listed. The Coursolles were listed next to Joseph's half-sister, Angeline (Angelique) Martin, who resided in Wheatland with her husband and children.^[2]

13/ Joseph Curso

Jane

Joseph

Lewis

Aaron

14/ Lewis Martin

Angeline

Lewis

Mary

Antoine

Jane

In 1870, the Coursolle family resided in Traverse, Nicollet, Minnesota.^[3]

1870[3]

47/45 Joseph Coursol, 40, M, Ind, Trapper, Father of foreign birth

Jane, 36, F, I, Keeping house, Father of foreign birth

Joseph, 18, M, I At home

Nancy 16, F, I, Attending school

Philomene, 14, M, I, Attending school [This is Minnie; s/b Female.]

Lewis, 10, M, I, Attending school

Lareen [Irene], 8, F, I, Attending school

Victoria [Mary], 6, F, I, At home

William, 1/12, M, I, At home

Nancy was also recorded in St. Peter, age 14, working as a domestic servant in a hotel:

215/216 Nancy Coursolle, 14, F, Ind, Domestic servant

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1872 - From The Genesis & Construction of the Winona & St. Peter Railroad, 1858-1873^[4] (Note: Since the original text contains ellipses, the transcriber's ellipses are in brackets.)

An officer and ten cavalrymen from Fort Snelling escorted a railroad survey party from New Ulm westward in late June 1872.[ . . .]

On August 9, 1872, an inspection party headed by Winona & St. Peter Railroad officials left New Ulm to proceed west to obtain a personal knowledge of the landscape[ . . . ]

. . . as our party crossed the boundary line which separates Minnesota from the Territory of Dakota and road rapidly up the small incline leading to the summit . . . known as the Coteau des Prairies. . . .

It was quite dark when, under the . . . of Jo [Coursolle] the half breed guide of the region, who came out to meet us, we found a resting place for the night in the westernmost camp of the engineer corps, who temporary quarters were situated on the edge of a wooded ravine about one mile west of the State line.

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1873 to 1877

For five years, from 1873 to 1877, grasshoppers destroyed wheat, oat, corn, and barley fields in Minnesota and surrounding states.^[5]

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1875 - Joseph Coursolle, Jr. married Tacannupanazawin in Flandreau, South Dakota

In 1875, the Coursolle family resided at Ridgely, Nicollet, Minnesota (Image):^[6]

93 Joseph Coursall, no age recorded, Minnesota Canada Minnesota

Jane, 39, Canada Canada Canada

Philomene [Minnie], 19, Minnesota Minnesota Canada

Lorinda [Irene], 11, Minnesota Minnesota Canada

Mary, 8, Minnesota Minnesota Canada

Oelile [Delia], 3, Minnesota Minnesota Canada

Zely [Celia], 0, Minnesota Minnesota Canada

The Coursolle family experienced a warm December in Minnesota in 1877. From the Star Tribune, 12 January 1878:^[7]

Joe CoursalL a half-breed, and resident of Minnesota for forty-eight years, expects that last month was much the warmest December he has known in the state.

10 Feb 1881 - The Canton Advocate, Canton, South Dakota:^[8]

A TALK WITH AN OLD SCOUT. Joseph Coursoll , a Half Breed, Formerly of Mendota, Tells a Pioneer Press Reporter About the Location of the Milwaukee & St.Paul's Line to the Black Hills - A Watch Chain Which Belonged to Gen. Custer - Other Relics of the Daring Cavalryman. Pioneer Press. Joseph Coursoll, the well-known Indian scout and trader, is spending a few days in St. Paul. He is a half-breed, born in this state, his father having been a Frenchman and his mother a full-blooded Sioux. He was taken charge of when ten years old by Gen. Sibley, when the latter was agent of the American Fur Company at Mendota, and was reared at that place. At the time of the lnk-pa-duta massacre in 1857, Coursoll had a trading post on the Des Moines river, and was obliged to flee for his Jife. He afterwards rendered efficient service as a scout in the campaign against the red-skins. As he informed a Pioneer Press reporter yesterday he has been in a good many tight places, had numerous hair-breadth escapes, and seen a good deal of hardship and adventure, and still he is not by any means an old man. Coursoll now makes his home at the Santee agency in Nebraska, but during the past summer has been engaged with the surveying party of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul company under Maj. Kimball in locating the line of road through the Sioux reservation in Dakota to tho Black Hills. Coursoll says that the treaty with the Indians has been completed for the right of way and that the line has been located from Brule agency on the Missouri to Rapid City, a distance of 163 miles. He says the route is a favorable one as could have been selected. There are some heavy cuts, but generally speaking, the grades will be easy. The territory to be traversed by the road is generally capable of cultivation, and some of it is very good farming land. Coursoll says that Maj.Kimball told him that it was the intention of the Co. to push the road to the Hills and through to Montana. The surveyors went through the Hills fifteen miles from Rapid City toward Deadwood last summer, and will locate the line to the latter place next spring. The company wished to lay out a town at the Brule agency, on the west side of the Missouri, but the Indians strenuously opposed having their village disturbed, and therefore the town will probably be located on this side of the river, at the mouth of American creek. Coursoll has presented several curiosities, brought from the Black Hills, to his old friend and patron, Gen. Sibley. One of these is a petrified Rocky Mountain lion's paw. There are also several other stones containing various specimens of petrifactions. Coursoll has a very notable relic, being nothing less than the watch chain worn by Gen. Custer at the time he was killed. It is a gold vest chain of a linked bar pattern, with a seal pendant. The engraved stone which was formerly set in the latter has been lost, and the cavity filled with red sealing wax. Coursoll obtained the chain from one of the Ogallalas [sic] at Red Cloud agency last summer. He says the Indian had purchased the chain and watch from Ink-ya-duta's [sic] son, who killed Custer. The Indian told him that Custer's watch had been sold to a white man who was in the Hills. Coursoll says he saw Custer's horse at Red Cloud agency. The Indians prize the animal very highly, having given the captor ten ordinary horses for it. Coursoll says that Ink-pa-duta's son is now one of the leaders of Sitting Bull's band. While among the Ogallalas [sic], Coursoll met several Indians whom he knew in former years, and who had taken part in the Custer masacre. [sic] They gave a different version of the manner in which Custer met his death from the published accounts. They said that Custer as soon as he saw that there was little hope of escape, and that it was every man for himself, turned his horse and galloped away, followed by a few of his men. The Indians gave pursuit, and through Custer's horse stu[m]bling he was overtaken and killed as were also those who had followed him. Coursoll will return to the Santee agency the later part of the week.

"A small number of Dakota people remained in Minnesota after the war. In the 1880s, more began to return from exile." [4]

Kabupi/Joseph's daughter, Irene (recorded as Lorinda), married Alex Young on 23 Jul 1883 at Santee Agency, Knox County, Nebraska and recorded at Niobrara^{[9] [10]} (located at the confluence of the Niobrara and Missouri rivers).

In 1885, Kabupi/Joseph Coursolle, his wife, Jane, with their youngest children were recorded on the Santee Census.^[11]

1885[12]

No./Indian Names/English Names/Relationship/Sex/age

83, Kabupi, Joseph Coursoll Sr., Father, M, 56

84, Jane Coursoll, wife, F, 49

85, Mary Coursoll, daughter, F, 19

86, Delia Courosll, daughter, F, 13

87, Cecelia Coursoll, daughter, F,

96, Mahpiyamaza, Alexander Young, Father, M, 28

70, Emily Young, daughter, F, 1

In 1886, Kabupi/Joseph Coursolle, his wife, Jane, with their youngest children were recorded on the Santee Census.^[13]

1886[12]

No./Indian Names/English Names/Relationship/Sex/age

66, Kabupi, Joseph Coursoll Sr., Father, M, 57

67, Jane Coursoll, wife, F, 50

68, Mary Coursoll, daughter, F, 20

69, Delia Courosll, daughter, F, 14

70, Cecelia Coursoll, daughter, F, 12

76, Mahpiyamaza, Alexander Young, Father, M, 29

77, Emily Young, daughter, F, 2

Daughter Mary married Frank Leclaire in Minnesota on 17 Apr 1886, Hastings Gazette:^[14]

Mr. Frank Henry Leclaire and Miss Mary Victor Coursal were married Tuesday evening by D. N. Bryant at the residence of Louis Leclaire. Quite a number of the relatives and friends of the groom and bride were present and enjoyed themselves in royal style. Mrs. Louis Leclaire always makes her guests feel at home.

In 1887, Kabupi/Joseph Coursolle, his wife, Jane, with their youngest children were recorded on the Santee Census.^[15]

1887[12]

No./Indian Names/English Names/Relationship/Sex/age

62, Kabupi, Joseph Coursoll Sr., Father, M, 57

63, Jane Coursoll, wife, F, 50

64, Delia Courosll, daughter, F, 14

65, Cecelia Coursoll, daughter, F, 12

66, Irene Young, mother, 24

67, Emily Young, daughter, 3

68, Mary Le Clair, mother, 21

69, Mary A. Le Clair, daughter, 1/2

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Death

8 Oct 1887, Hastings [MN] Gazette:

Joseph Coursol, a resident of the Santee Indian agency, is down to consult a physician; his health is poor.^[16]

8 Dec 1887, The Springfield [SD] Times:

Jas. Coursoll the famous Santee trapper, speaker of five different languages and who has been an interpreter at many of the Indian agencies, is not expected to live. He is suffering with some disorder of the brain.^[17]

Image:Coursolle-4-27.jpg

Register

A Santee Death Register records Kabupi/Joseph's death one day earlier on 7 Dec 1887.

Kabupi "Gaboo" aka Joseph Coursolle is buried in a corner of the Springfield Catholic Cemetery at St. Vincent Church (1203 Wood St.) in Springfield, Bon Homme, South Dakota (directly across the Missouri River from Santee, Nebraska and the Santee Reservation).^[18] Kabupi's descendant, Jane Hayden-Hart, wrote, ". . . The stone doesn't look 120 years old and we found out the grave was moved due to the widening of the county road. Sorry to say, his death was listed in the church records as a suicide. . . . A sympathetic man unrelated to the Coursolle family has been putting flowers at his gravesite on Memorial Day for 26 years."

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Later

31 Jan 1888, The Saint Paul Globe:^[19]

Preparations to Receive the Queen of Winter and Her Ladies To-Day. Yesterday being Old Settlers' day the Sioux and Omaha Indian turned out in parade, being headed through the streets by the First Regiment band. The bucks were out in all their war-paint and toggery, and they attracted considerable attention. They gave some exhibitions of war dances at the palace, and they tolerated the photographer in several different positions. During the afternoon there were a number of dances, the programme incluluding the Omaha, buffalo, war, wolf, and grass dances. The dances were interspersed with songs about Big Chief W. A. Van Slyke, who is called Ish-tah-to-to (Blue Eyes); Joe Coursall, deceased, grandfather of the interpreter, who is still known as Old Tomahawk, Big Chief; Gen. Sibley (Way-yu-mah-nee—Walker in-the-Pines) and Mr. Larpenteur, who is called by the Sioux "Pom-pah-doosh-ka," or "the man who walks like a snake," and other old settlers. Chief William Columbus managed his Indians nicely while Dan Faribault was away. Dan Faribault is also called "Blue Eyes." The medicine man of the Omahas is John Walker, alias To-kon-shee-dah, or "Grandfather," alias Wasi-chau-saw-pau, or "Black and White." Jim Jones, or "Sag-ye-wak-in-yan," is the doorkeeper of the Sioux, Joe Coursall, the master of ceremonies, and Solomon Tow-ow-pee, or "The Wounded Man," is the old chief who runs ' the dancing programme. There was a groat deal of singing and poetry connected with yesterday's dancing, which a shortage of space will not permit to be interpreted in intelligible English. About fifty Chippewa Indians were expected to arrive last night for the sham battle which is to occur tomorrow evening. There will be twenty-five Indians in full war paint on each side.

Historical insight: On 29 Dec 1890, at Wounded Knee Creek, soldiers of the United States Army killed several hundred Lakota - almost half of whom were women and children.

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An 1892 List of Sioux Scouts and Soldiers (prepared in 1891) lists Joseph Coursolle (deceased) and both Mrs. Ellen Turpin and Jane Coursolle as widows.

Page 1

List of names of members of the Sisseton Wahpeton, Medawakauton, and Wapakoota Sioux Indians who were enrolled and entered into the military service of the United States and served in suppressing the Sioux outbreak of 1862 or who served in the United States Army in the war of the rebellion and the members of the families and descendants of such said scouts and soldiers who were not parties to the agreement ratified March 3, 1891. . .

Page C

Coursolle, Joseph 12

Coursolle, Ellen 13

Coursolle, Jane 13

Coursolle, Henry 13

Coursolle, Joseph Jr. 13

Campbell, Minnie 13

Coursolle, Delia 13

Coursolle, Acelian 13

Page 12

Scouts or Soldiers

25 Joseph Coursolle

Page 13

Descendants of Scouts or Soldiers Deceased

a Ellen Coursolle now Mrs Turpin Widow No 1

b Jane Coursolle Widow No 2

c Irene Shephard Daughter

d Henry Coursolle Son

e Joseph Coursolle Jr Son

f Mary LeClaire Daughter

g Elizabeth Felix Daughter

h Minnie Campbell Daughter

i Delia Coursolle Daughter

j Acelian Coursolle Daughter

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Congressional Serial Set, Issue 3055, 1893

EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE SECOND SESSION OF THE FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS AND THE SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE CONVENED MARCH 4, 1893. 1892-’93.

p. 742 . . . For the purposes of this paper it is unnecessary to refer more fully in detail to the relations of those bands mentioned in the preamble of the act of 1863 toward the white settlers of Minnesota. It is not designed to disguise in the least the flagrant acts of hostility and massacre committed by the hostile bands. It is however apparent that the Government in imposing punishment upon the guilty has committed great injustice toward innocent parties who were the wards of the Government and who not only did not sympathize with the hostile bands but were most zealous and active in saving the lives of the white people and fighting against their own. Every sense of justice demands that these innocent parties be no longer deprived of their just claims. These Indians who thus remained loyal and friendly to the United States during and subsequent to said hostilities are well known some of them are dead but their dependent families remain. Their names appear upon the rolls in the War Department as enlisted soldiers scouts and employees of the Government. it is therefore claimed as an act of justice and the reparation of a wrong that our Government should restore these Indians who have done nothing to forfeit their rights to all the benefits conferred upon them by said treaty of Traverse-des-Sioux. . . . ^[20]

p. 746 List of Sioux scouts claiming restoration of annuities under the treaty of Traverse-des-Sioux . . . 173 Kabupi JOSEPH Coursell ______________ Scout in 1863 with army to the mission . . . ^[21]

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1935 - Minnesota, the Land of Sky-Tinted Waters: a History of the State and Its People:

Nazard M. Coursolle, member of the Minneapolis bar since 1922, is a native of Minnesota, and in his ancestry represents the earliest frontier racial stock in the Northwest, the Franch and the French Canadians. His great-grandfather was identified with the fur trade both in Canada and along the northwestern border of the United States. The Coursolles came from Ile de Rhe, France, to Canada in 1720. Mr. Coursolle's grandfather, Joseph Coursolle, was born in Minnesota. During the Civil War he performed valuable service as an Indian scout for the Sibley expedition against the Indians in western Minnesota and the Dakotas. During the greater part of his life he followed farming and merchandising.

Nazard M. Coursolle was born in Ramsey County, Minnesota, April 28, 1887, son of Henry and Herminie (Lemlin) Coursolle. Her mother's father, Peter Lemlin, was born in Canada, and was also of French Canadian ancestry. Henry Coursolle was born in 1849 and died in 1918 and his wife was born in 1857 and died in 1930. He was a farmer and for a number of years lived at Two Harbors, where he was in the railroad service. He was a Republican in politics and he and his family had been Catholics for generations. There were twelve children in the family, only four of them now living: Mary, wife of Paul Vincent, a railroad man at Two Harbors; Albert A., assistant superintendent of the Prudential Insurance Company at Minneapolis; Nazard M.; and Joseph E., a railroad man at Two Harbors.

Nazard M. Coursolle was educated in public schools, and in 1917 graduated from the St. Paul College of Law. For four years he had been private secretary to Hon. Frank B. Kellogg . . . ^[22]

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Sources

1. ↑ National Archives
2. ↑ "Minnesota State Census, 1865 ," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:SPSW-MZN : 26 November 2020), Joseph Curso, Wheatland, Rice, Minnesota, United States; citing volume 8, line 13, State Library and Records Service, St.Paul; FHL microfilm 565,715.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1} 1870 U.S. census, population schedules. NARA microfilm publication M593, 1,761 rolls. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration
4. ↑ Woolworth, Alan R., The Genesis & Construction of the Winona & St. Peter Railroad, 1858-1873, Papers of the Twentieth Annual Dakota History Conference, 1989, The Rural Regional Essay Series of The Society for the Study of Local & Regional History at the History Center, Southwest State University, Marshall, Minnesota & The Minnesota Historical Society.
5. ↑ Cartwright, R.L., "Winged menace: The Minnesota grasshopper plagues of 1873-1877," 11 June 2013 MinnPost
6. ↑ "Minnesota State Census, 1875," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MKNL-RQG : 28 November 2020), Joseph Coursall, Minnesota, United States; citing p. 369, line 10, volume Nicollet and Nobles County, State Library and Records Service, St.Paul; FHL microfilm 0565725.
7. ↑ Star Tribune, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 12 Jan 1878, Sat, Page 3
8. ↑ The Canton Advocate, Canton, South Dakota, 10 Feb 1881, Thu, Page 1
9. ↑ Nebraska, Marriage Records, 1855-1908. State Library and Archives, Nebraska State Historical Society, Lincoln, Nebraska.
10. ↑ "Nebraska Marriages, 1855-1995," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2ZL-M4QB : 28 November 2018), Alex Young and Lorinda Coursoll, 20 Jul 1883; citing Marriage, Knox, Nebraska, United States, Nebraska State Historical Society, Lincoln; FHL microfilm 2,025,995.
11. ↑ 1885 Santee Agency Census, National Archives (https://www.archives.gov/research/census/native-americans/1885-1940.html?_ga=2.174462240.383460356.1610647404-1839427736.1605233275)
12. ↑ ^{12.0 12.1 12.2} From the research of R. and R. Dennis (National Archives) and passed down through the family, now included in the papers of SD.
13. ↑ 1886 Santee Agency Census, National Archives (https://www.archives.gov/research/census/native-americans/1885-1940.html?_ga=2.174462240.383460356.1610647404-1839427736.1605233275)
14. ↑ Hastings Gazette, Hastings, Minnesota, 17 Apr 1886
15. ↑ 1887 Santee Agency Census, National Archives (https://www.archives.gov/research/census/native-americans/1885-1940.html?_ga=2.174462240.383460356.1610647404-1839427736.1605233275)
16. ↑ Hastings Gazette, Hastings, Minnesota, 8 Oct 1887
17. ↑ The Springfield Times, Springfield, South Dakota, 8 Dec 1887
18. ↑ South Dakota State Historical Society, Cemetery Record Search[1]
19. ↑ The Saint Paul Globe, Saint Paul, Minnesota, Tue, 31 Jan 1888, Page 5
20. ↑ Congressional Serial Set, Issue 3055, 1893
21. ↑ Congressional Serial Set, Issue 3055, 1893. [2]
22. ↑ Christianson, Theodore, Minnesota, the Land of Sky-Tinted Waters: a History of the State and Its People,1935