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Lawrence Stoughton Sandbox

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Contents

Biography

Sir Lawrence Stoughton, MP,[1] son and heir of Thomas Stoughton of Stoughton (in Stoke), Surrey, by his 2nd wife Elizabeth Lewknor,[2][3] was born 12 November 1554.[2][4]

Education

On 27 April 1572, the Parliament (governing council) of the Inner Temple[5] granted special permission to seat him, as "the son of Mr. Stoughton of the bench."[6] He was formally admitted to the Inner Temple later that year in November.[7]

Parliament

On 14 January 1581, apparently through the influence of the Earl of Arundel, he was selected to replace his father who had died shortly after the end of the second session of the Parliament of 1572, in 1576.[8] Laurence did not serve long as this, the last session of this Parliament, ended two months later, though Parliament itself was not formally dissolved until 1583.[9][10] He was returned for Guildford for the Parliaments of 1584, 1586, and 1593.[8] He was given a leave of absence in 1586,[11] and appointed to committees in the Parliaments of 1586[12] and 1593.[4][13] Please see the Research note below regarding what was previously shown on this profile regarding his first seating in Parliament.

Other Public Service

Besides his service in Parliament, he was prominent in the affairs of Surrey and Sussex, serving as Justice of the Peace (JP) for Surrey from 1577 to at least 1609 (and of the quorum by 1601),[10] as subsidy collector for Surrey in 1593-4,[14] as verderer (judicial officer) of Windsor Forest in Surrey,[15] a Captain of local forces in 1598,[10] and under-steward for crown lands in Sussex,[10] but for these last two, please see the Research Note below. In 1601, the Monday after Michaelmas, he and Sir George More were admitted to the Guildford Guild Merchant.[16]

As a Justice of the Peace, he dealt with many issues, both local, and of interest to the Privy Council, including "Jesuits, seminaries, and recusants,"[17] vagabonds, "persons of mean and base condition," "petitions of the poor men of Worplesdon," property disputes, poachers, cases of slander, etc.[18][19][20][21][22][23]

After a long career of public service, and (perhaps more importantly) after certifying the repair to "his Majesty's park at Woking…", 24 February 1610/11,[24] Lawrence was knighted by King James I either at Bagshot, 1 September 1611,[4][25] or at Whitehall], 10 November 1611.[26] He is said to have hosted King James at his home,[10] but again, please see the Research Note below.

Estate and Arms

A marriage settlement, 27 January 1575, with Rose's stepfather, William Hammond, brought him a house in East Horsely, Surrey, called "Bishop's Place" and an annuity of 40 marks from the Manor of Maulegrave Essex.[27] His grandson, Nicholas later estimated Rose brought with her an inheritance valued between £4000 and £5000,[10] but see the Research Note below. He succeeded to his father's estates in 1576[4] and purchased the Manor of Stoke, 1 May 1587.[2][28][29] In 1593-4, the Lay-Subsidy for Surrey shows his lands were assessed at £20 and taxed £4, making him one of the wealthiest men in the county.[30] [Michael, please review the reference. I'm not sure if I'm interpreting it correctly]

The Visitation of Surrey, lists him as having arms, but does not describe them.[31] They are described with his monumental inscription as "…in dexter corner, Stoughton; in sinister, Stoughton impaling Ive, Per chevon (sa.) and (arg.) three elephants' heads erased counterchange, crowned (or)."[25] Another description is in the Victoria County History for Surrey, as "Stoughton impaling Party cheveronwise sable and argent three elephants' heads razed and countercoloured with crowns or."[28]

Death and Probate

Lawrence died testate at Stoughton, 13 December 1615, survived by his wife,[2][4] and was buried at Stoke next Guilford where there is a monumental inscription giving his age (62) [sic], date of death, that he was married to Rose for 41 years, and that they had 17 children.[25]

His will was dated 14 November 1614 and proved at the Surrey Archdeaconry Court, 31 January 1615/6 . In it, he named or mentioned:[32]

  • sons George, Nicholas, John, Anthony;
  • wife Rose;
  • daughters Elizabeth Knight and her husband John, Sarah Weston and her husband Henry;
  • that he intended to bind Anthony as an apprentice in London, and Anthony's legacy to be kept by "son Weston;"
  • his father Thomas Stoughton, Esq., and grandfather Lawrence Stoughton;
  • various lands he had either purchased, inherited from his father, or came to him by his wife, Rose;
  • provided that "all land elsewhere and land given to wife after her death to my son George Stoughton with successive remainders to my son Nicholas Stoughton, John Stoughton, Anthony Stoughton, Thomas Stoughton eldest son of my brother Adrian Stoughton, esquire, Thomas's brother Adrian and the heirs male of my grandfather Lawrence Stoughton, deceased;"
  • cousin Lawrence Elliott;
  • no witnesses given;
  • Executors wife Rose and son George;
  • Overseers Lawrence Elliott, Esq., and son in law Henry Weston.

Two Inquisition Post Mortems were recorded in 14 James I (24 Mar 1615/16 - 23 Mar 1616/17), one in the records of the Chancery, C 142/355/49,[33] and one in the records of the Court of Wards and Liveries, WARD 7/51/196.[34]

Marriage and Children

He married Rose Ive, daughter of Richard Ive[3] and Elizabeth Agmondisham, 23 April 1575.[2][4]

  1. Elizabeth Stoughton[2][3] born 6 December 1576; died April 1648; married John Knight.[2][3][4]
  2. Lawrence Stoughton[2][3] born 4 February 1577/78; died 22 August 1597.[4][35]
  3. (…) Stoughton, a son born 1579; died unbaptized.[4]
  4. Thomas Stoughton[2][3] born 19 August 1580; died 23 March 1610/11;[35] married Catharine Evelyn.[3][4][36]
  5. Sir George Stoughton, Knt.[2][3] born 25 December 1581; died 25 January 1623/24; married Jane Crauley.[3][4]
  6. Anne Stoughton[2][3] born 9 January 1582/83; died 7 June 1600.[4]
  7. Mary Stoughton[2][3] born 7 May 1584; died 4 August 1602.[4]
  8. Katherine Stoughton[2][3] born 19 July 1585; died 8 October 1604.[4]
  9. Sarah Stoughton[2][3] born 12 August 1586; died 24 May 1646;[4] married (1) Henry Weston[2][3][4] (2) Ayliffe White.[4][2]
  10. Henry Stoughton[2] born and died in 1587.[4]
  11. John Stoughton[2] born and died in 1587.[4]
  12. Rose Stoughton[2][3] born 15 December 1588; died 26 January 1611/12.[4]
  13. Richard Stoughton[2][3] born 14 May 1591; died 23 February 1611/12.[4]
  14. Nicholas Stoughton[2][3] born 20 September 1592; died 4 March 1647/48;[35] married (1) Bridget Compton (2) Ann Evans.[4]
  15. Adrian Stoughton[2][3] born 21 November 1595; died 25 December 1612.[4][35]
  16. John Stoughton[2][3] born 30 January 1596/97; died 27 May 1620.[4][35]
  17. Anthony Stoughton[2][3] born 4 July 1598; died 14 January 1643/44; married Agnes Pierce.[4][37]

Richardson does not include the unnamed son born in 1579 who died unbaptized (perhaps still-born?) mentioned in Manning.[2][4] The Visitation of Surrey also does not list that unnamed son, and does not include the apparent twins, John and Henry, both given above as born and died in 1587.[3]

Of his surviving sons, five went to Oxford (Lawrence, Thomas, Nicholas, Adrian, and John), and four of those entered the Inner Temple (all but John). (The History of Parliament gives the numbers as six and five, and does not name them).[10][35]

Research Notes

First Seated in Parliament

Previous versions of this profile showed Laurence as being seated in Parliament in 1572 at age 17.[6] The confusion came about because earlier researchers did not understand that the "Parliament" of the Inner Temple refers to their governing council, not the legislative body of England.[5] This was compounded by not realizing that the Parliament of 1572 had three sessions, the last not ending until 1581, nine years after this Parliament was first seated.[9] Yes, Laurence was indeed first seated in the Parliament of 1572, not when that Parliament was first seated, but near the end of the third session in 1581.[8]

Manuscript Records

A number of statements (shown below) in the History of Parliament biography of Lawrence Stoughton cannot be found in other published or available on-line sources and are presumably found in the manuscript records cited there.[10] Two of those manuscripts are ""Additional MS 6174" and Lansdowne Manuscripts, both currently residing at the British Library.[38][39] Although The History of Parliament is counted as a reliable source, Additional MS 6174 is less so as it was written and compiled by Laurence's grandson, Sir Nicholas Stoughton, Bnt. from the records and letters he had, but without first-hand knowledge, decades after the facts and events he reported. For more on this manuscript, please see this Free Space Page.

The statements in the History of Parliament biography are arranged by their paragraph. Except for the Lansdowne references in Offices Held, all references are to Additional MS 6174:

  • Family & Education: ff. 129-30: Date of Marriage.
  • Offices Held: f. 132: & Lansdowne, 35, f. 135 and 737, f. 152: Captain of Local Forces; Under-steward for Crown Lands in Sussex.
  • Biography paragraph 1: ff. 4-5, 7, 16, 60-1, 129-32.
    • Rose's stepfather gave them lands at Rayleigh, Essex, and Billingshurst, Sussex.
    • The value of Rose's inheritance.
    • Death of Rose's mother in 1592.
    • Laurence's practice as a lawyer, both privately and in government.
    • Intervention by the Earl of Arundel to seat Laurence in Parliament after his father's death.
  • Biography paragraph 3: ff. 18, 132, 133.
    • Sale of Rose's inheritance in Essex.
    • Visit of King James I at Stoughton, "recently enlarged."
    • Friend of Archbishop Abbot of Guildford.
    • Activities in education, poor relief, cloth trade, and local defense.

Sources

  1. ↑ Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), volume V , pages 49-51 STOUGHTON.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 Richardson, Royal Ancestry, V:50-51 STOUGHTON 19.
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 Thomas Benolte, et al. and W. Bruce Bannerman (ed.), The Visitations of the County of Surrey: Made and taken in the years 1530,…1572,… and 1623…, The Publications of The Harleian Society (London: The Society, 1899), 85-87 Internet Archive.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 Owen Manning & William Bray, The History and Antiquities of The County of Surrey, 3 vols. (J. Nichols, London, 1804-1814), 1:169-172, FamilySearch (image page 322).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Wikipedia:Inner_Temple.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Frederick Andrew Inderwick, A Calendar of the Inner Temple Records, (London: Masters of the Bench, 1896), 1:263, Internet Archive.
  7. ↑ William Henry Cooke, Students Admitted to the Inner Temple, 1571-1625, (London: n.p., [1868]) 10, Internet Archive.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 P.W. Hasler, ed., The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558-1603 , (Boydell and Brewer, 1981), History of Parliament Online, entry for Guildford.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 History of Parliament Online, entry for Parliament.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 History of Parliament Online, entry for Laurence Stoughton.
  11. ↑ Sir Simonds D’Ewes & Paul Bowes (ed.), The Journals of All the Parliaments During the Reign of Queen Elizabeth: Both of the House of Lords and House of Commons, (London: John Starkey, 1682) 413, Google Books.
  12. ↑ D'Ewes, Journals of Parliament, 417, Google Books.
  13. ↑ D'Ewes, Journals of Parliament, 499, Google Books.
  14. ↑ “Hundreds of Woking, Blackheath and Wotton, Godley, Godalming and Farnam, 1593" Surrey Archeaological Collections 19 (c1905): 59, 101, Internet Archive.
  15. ↑ Seventh Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, (London: Stationery Office, 1879) 660b, Internet Archive.
  16. ↑ Loseley Manuscripts, Surrey History Centre LM1377/3, Discovery.
  17. ↑ Wikipedia
  18. ↑ Various documents relating to Laurence Stoughton,Surrey History Centre.
  19. ↑ "Cecil Papers: April 1601, 16-30," in Calendar of the Cecil Papers in Hatfield House: Volume 11, 1601, ed. R A Roberts (London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1906), 165-188. British History Online .
  20. ↑ "Cecil Papers: November 1608," in Calendar of the Cecil Papers in Hatfield House: Volume 20, 1608, ed. M S Giuseppi and G Dyfnallt Owen (London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1968), 264-274, British History Online.
  21. ↑ Seventh Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, 666b, Internet Archive.
  22. ↑ Seventh Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, 668a, Internet Archive.
  23. ↑ Seventh Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, 668b-669a, Internet Archive.
  24. ↑ "Certificate of Robert Treswell, esq, surveyor general," Surrey History Centre, 2663/1 Surrey History Centre.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Mill Stephenson, "A List of Monumental Brasses in Surrey," Surrey Archeaological Collections 32 (1919): 108-109, Internet Archive.
  26. ↑ Wm. A. Shaw, Knights of England , 2 vols. (London: Sherratt and Hughes, 1906) 2:151, Internet Archive.
  27. ↑ "Earls of Onslow of Clandon Park, West Clandon: Estate Papers of The 4th and 5th Earls of Onslow:" Surrey History Centre 1320/8/3, Surrey History Centre
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 "Parishes: Stoke juxta Guildford," in A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3, ed. H E Malden (London: Victoria County History, 1911), 371-373, British History Online
  29. ↑ "Earls of Onslow of Clandon Park, West Clandon: Estate Papers of The 4th and 5th Earls of Onslow," Surrey History Centre ref 1320/6/7, Surrey History Centre.
  30. ↑ “Hundreds of Woking, Blackheath and Wotton, Godley, Godalming and Farnam, 1593" Surrey Archeaological Collections 19 (c1905) 62, Internet Archive.
  31. ↑ Visitation of Surrey, 228 Internet Archive.
  32. ↑ Findmypast.com, Surrey & South London Will Abstracts, 1470-1856, Find My Past.
  33. ↑ Records of the Chancery, C 142/355/49 Discovery
  34. ↑ Records of the Court of Wards and Liveries, WARD 7/51/196 Discovery
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 Joseph Foster, Alumni Oxonienses: The Members of the University of Oxford, 1500-1714…, 4 vols (Oxford, England: Parker, 1891-1892) 3:1431, Intermet Archive.
  36. ↑ Earls of Onslow of Clandon Park, West Clandon: Estate Papers of the 4th and 5th Earls of Onslow, Surrey History Centre 1320/6/9, Discovery.
  37. ↑ Richardson, Royal Ancestry, V:51 STOUGHTON 20.
  38. ↑ Lansdowne Papers, British Library catalog entry.
  39. ↑ Additional MS 6174, British Library catalog entry.

See also:

  • Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, 2nd edition (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011), Vol. IV, pp. 113, STOUGHTON 14, Google Books
  • William Camden, John Fetherston (ed.), The Visitation of the County of Warwick in the Year 1619, The Publications of The Harleian Society (London: The Society, 1877), 141-142, Internet Archive.
  • Thomas Benolte, et al. and W. Bruce Bannerman (ed.), The Visitations of the County of Sussex: Made and taken in the years 1530 and 1633-4, The Publications of The Harleian Society, (London: The Society, 1905), 78-80, Internet Archive.
  • J. Russell, The History of Guildford, the County town of Surrey, (Guildford: s.p.,1801), 96, 124-5, 129-30, Google Books
  • Joyce E. Mousley, "Sussex Country Gentry in the Reign of Elizabeth," (London Univ. Ph.D. thesis, 1955), PDF Download.
  • Charles Gross, The Gild Merchant: A Contribution to British Municipal History, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1890), PDF download.
  • Charles Austin Beard, The Office of Justice of the Peace in England in Its Origin and Development, (New York: Columbia University Press, 1904) especially 72-157; for the Quorum specifically, 146, Internet Archive.




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