Nuevo_Leon-2.jpg

Resource Page Provincia of Nuevo León

Privacy Level: Open (White)
Date: 1579 [unknown]
Location: Nuevo León, Mexicomap
Surnames/tags: New Spain Nueva España mexico
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This page is part of Project: Indígenas Mexico, Project: Mexico, and

NOTE: Wild Wild West and Westward Ho Projects to develop applicable profiles covering the years 1800-1925

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Nuevo Reino de León or the New Kingdom of León of Nueva España (in part) would become a state of present-day México.

Preceded
Nuevo Reino de León, Nueva España
Nuevo León
1579 to the present
Succeeded by
Estado Libre y Soberano de Nuevo León (Free and Sovereign State of Nuevo León)


Contents

Origin/History of Estado Libre y Soberano de Nuevo León

Nuevo León Located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosi to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo Leon has a 9 mile stretch of the U.S.–Mexico border adjacent to the U.S. state of Texas

Nuevo León became permanent in 1596 under the leadership of Diego de Montemayor.

Nuevo León, México eventually became (along with the provinces of Coahuila, Nuevo Santander and Texas) one of the smaller entities known as the Eastern Internal Provinces.

Timeline 1529-1536 Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, a Narvaez Expedition Survivor, spends 8 years lost and, at times, enslaved by Indigenous Native Americans. He documents these eight years in such detail that he has been credited as the first proto- Anthropologist. He crosses the Rio Grande into Mexico (present day Nuevo Leon). Some speculate that he may have explored New Mexico and Arizona and saw the Gulf of California. In 1541, he publishes his book, La Relacion.

1577 Several settlements were established by Conquistador Alberto del Canto. Alberto del Canto (c. 1547 – after 31 December 1607) was a Portuguese conquistador. Native to the Azoras Islands he may have been of Jewish Heritage. He founded several cities, such as Saltillo, of which he was the first mayor (1577).

1580 Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva, was the first governor of Nuevo León from 1580–1588. He brought more than sixty soldiers and civilians to settle the area.

1582 Nuevo Reyno de León (New Kingdom of León) was founded by Spanish and Portuguese settlers when Philip II was King of Spain. The foundation of this realm was a crucial event which potentially helped the subsequent Spanish settlements in Texas


20 Sep. 1596 Diego de Montemayor (c. 1530 – 1610)[1] was a Spanish conquistador, explorer, officer, and a governor of Nuevo León. Montemayor is credited with the establishment of Monterrey (previously known as Ojo de Santa Lucia founded by Carvajal but abandoned by settlers) the capital of Nuevo León.

1776 Nuevo Reino de León became part of the semi-autonomous Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas (still part of the Viceroyalty of the Kingdom of New Spain).

1786 Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas split into three commands, one of them being the Eastern Internal Provinces (Provincias Internas de Oriente) consisting of the New Kingdom of León and the provinces of Coahuila y Tejas, and Nuevo Santander; subsequently it remained part of the commandancy (and under the control of the Viceroyalty of New Spain).

29 Oct 1810 News of the Grito de Dolores arrive to Monterrey. The began on 16 Sep 1810. It lasted 10 years at the cost of a million lives.

27 Sep 1821 Mexico became an independent republic. All territory on the North American continent (north of the Isthmus of Panama) previously ruled by the Category: Spain is ceded to the Empire of Mexico (First Mexican Empire)

May 7, 1824 Nuevo León is designated and admitted as a Mexican state.

March 5, 1825 First constitution of the state of Nuevo León approved.

January 17, 1840 Republic of the Rio Grande: Nuevo León declares itself independent of México along with the states of Coahuila and Tamaulipas.

November 6, 1840 The Mexican army defeats the separatists.

September 20, 1846 Mexican-American War: The United States Army begins the siege of Monterrey.

February 1848 Mexican-American War ends: The United States Army leaves the territory. Border disputes of Texas are settled (at least on paper) by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

Dec. 30, 1853: The United States of America purchases the Mexican-held territories in the Western United States (present day states of New Mexico and Arizona with the Gadsden Purchase (also known as the Treaty of Mesilla)[1]

February 19, 1856: Nuevo León annexes Coahuila and once again announces secession from Mexico (Republic of the Sierra Madre)

April 3, 1864: Monterrey is declared capital of Nuevo León. Separatists defeated.

June 1991: A modern border-crossing point was built and completed linking Nuevo León and Texas. This Port of Entry is known as Colombia (also called "Solidaridad") see Texas Ports of Entry, Webb County, Texas Free Space.

Government

Evolution of Government Structure for the Kingdom of New Spain

1512 The Laws of Burgos, signed by King Ferdinand II of Aragon, focused upon the welfare of the conquered native peoples

1542 Leyes Nuevas, issued November 20, 1542 by King Charles I of Spain regarding the Spanish colonization of the Americas, are also known as the "New Laws of the Indies for the Good Treatment and Preservation of the Native Americans", and were created to prevent the exploitation of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas by the Encomenderos (large enterprise landowners) by strictly limiting their power and dominion.

1548 Royal Audiencia of Guadalajarawas the highest tribunal of the Spanish crown in what is today northern Mexico and the southwestern United States in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. It was created by royal decree on February 13, 1548, and was originally located in Compostela and permanently seated in Guadalajara in 1560. Its president was the chief political and executive officer of the district, subordinated only to the viceroy of Mexico

1573 The Laws of the Indies were an attempt to guide and regularize the establishment of presidios (military towns), missions, and pueblos (civilian towns), King Phillip II developed the first version of the Laws of the Indies.

1776 Provincias Internas or Commandancy General of the Internal Provinces was a colonial, administrative district of the Spanish Empire, created to provide more autonomy for the frontier provinces in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, (present day northern Mexico and southwestern United States). The goal of its creation was to establish a unified government in political, military and fiscal affairs.

1821-1823 The Mexican Empire (Imperio Mexicano) was the official name of independent Mexico under a monarchical regime, Agustín de Iturbide, was proclaimed emperor of Mexico.

4 Oct 1824 Constitution of Mexico The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1824 (Spanish: Constitución Federal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos de 1824) was enacted, after the overthrow of the Mexican Empire of Agustin de Iturbide. In the new constitution, the republic took the name of United Mexican States, and was defined as a representative federal republic, with Catholicism as the official religion

Oct 1835 President Santa Anna revoked the Constitution of 1824 and abolished all state governments.

Governors

  1. Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva, 1580-1588
  2. Diego de Montemayor, 1588-1610
  3. Diego de Montemayor (el mozo), 1610-1611
  4. Diego Rodríguez (governor), 1612-1614
  5. Agustín de Zavala, 1614-1625
  6. Martín de Zavala, 1625-1664
  7. León de Alza, 1665-1667
  8. Nicolás de Azcárraga, 1667-1676
  9. Domingo de Prudena, 1676-1681
  10. Blas de la Garza y Falcón, 1681
  11. Domingo de Videgaray y Zarza, 1681
  12. Francisco de la Calancha y Valenzuela, 1681
  13. Blas de la Garza Falcón, 1681
  14. Juan de Echeverría, 1681-1682
  15. Diego de Villarreal, 1682-1683
  16. Alonso de León, 1683-1684
  17. Antonio de Echevérez y Subiza, 1684-1687
  18. Francisco Cuervo de Valdés, 1687-1688
  19. Pedro Fernández de la Ventosa, 1688-1693
  20. Juan Pérez de Merino, 1693-1698
  21. Juan Francisco de Vergara y Mendoza 1698-1703
  22. Francisco Báez Treviño, 1703-1705
  23. Gregorio de Salinas Varona, 1705-1707
  24. Cipriano García de Pruneda, 1707-1708
  25. Luis García de Pruneda 1708-1710
  26. Francisco Mier y Torre, 1710-1714
  27. Francisco Báez Treviño 1714-1718
  28. Juan Ignacio Flores Mogollón 1718
  29. Francisco de Barbadillo y Vitoria, 1719-1723
  30. Juan José de Arriaga y Brambila, 1723-1725
  31. Pedro de Sarabia Cortés, 1725-1729
  32. Bernardino de Meneses Monroy y Mendoza, 1730-1731
  33. Juan Antonio Fernández de Jáuregui y Urrutia, 1731-1740
  34. Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella, 1740-1746
  35. Vicente Bueno de Borbolla, 1746-1751
  36. Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella, 1752-1757
  37. Juan Manuel Muñoz de Villavicencio, 1757-1762
  38. Carlos de Velasco, 1762-1764
  39. Ignacio Ussel y Guimbarda, 1764-1772
  40. Francisco de Echegaray, 1772-1773
  41. Melchor Vidal de Lorca y Villena, 1773
  42. Vicente González de Santianes, 1773-1788
  43. Manuel Bahamonde y Villamil, 1788-1795
  44. Simón de Herrera y Leyva, 1795-1810

Settlers of Nuevo Reino de León

Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva, at the head of a group of Portuguese and Spanish settlers who were of Jewish descent, requested permission from the Spanish King to attempt to settle the area. The colony failed.
Jose Escandon
Alonso de Estrada
Diego Montemayor
Marcos Alonso de la Garza I
Fray Servando Teresa de Mier
Bernabé de las Casas
Juan de Oñate

Conflicts Within Nuevo Reino de León

the Spanish Inquisition, indigenous American Indians, floods, droughts, famines, disease, location from Mexico City.

Ships

Santa Catarina was one of the ships that the original settlers used.

[2]

Indigenous Peoples of México

See: Project: Indígenas Mexico

This area was home to nomadic peoples.

1521-1810, this area (Northern Mexico; present day states of southern California, Arizona, New Mexico, and southern Texas) was sparsely populated even by indigenous peoples[3]

Nahua Peoples
Alazapas,
Category: Cuanales|Cuanales,
Category: Gualeguas|Gualegas,
Huauchichiles,
Coahuiltecans,
Category: Tobosos|Tobosos,
Category: Irritilas|Irritilas,
Rayados,
Apaches
Comanche,
Kickapoo, etc [4][5]
Template for Indíjenas Mexico Projects

{{Indígenas Mexico|tribe=}}

Slaves

Like the rest of world, Spain was in the slave business. Spain abolished slavery in 1811 with the exception of Cuba, Santo Domingo, and Puerto Rico.

By 1542, slavery of Indigenous Peoples (except Moors and Africans) was outlawed. Some slave owners emancipated their slaves in their Wills.

See: México and Spain

Indentured Servants

Economic Resources

History of Nuevo Leon on Wikipedia

Presently

Nuevo León is the 3rd largest industrial state in Mexico.


Research Resources

General archive of the Archdiocese of Monterrey

The Bexar Archives are a collection of official Spanish documents that preserve the political, military, economic, and social life of the Spanish province of Texas and the Mexican state of Coahuila y Texas. Both in their volume and breadth of subject matter, the Bexar Archives are one of the most important sources for the history of Hispanic Texas up to 1836

UT Arlington Library's Special Collections has built a diverse research collection and collects materials in virtually all formats and makes them available to researchers.

Library of the Museum of Mexican history; Monterrey

[1]

Somos Primos.com

Existing Categories
Category: Mexican Roots
Category: Latin American Roots
Category: Mexican Flag Images
Category: Conquistadors
Category: Spanish Explorers
Category:Mexico, Emigrants
Category: Mexico
Category: Mexican Military History
Category: New Spain Founders and Settlers
Category: Mexican Revolution
Category: Mexican War of Independence
Category: Indigenous Peoples of Mexico
Category: Health
Category: Diseases
Category: Disasters
Category: Notables
Related Free Space Pages
Nueva Espana Some of the Provinces of Nueva Espana and Mexico
Surname/Family Pages
Note: All research contained on individual surname pages should be verified as there are mistakes and/or information has not been updated since first published.
Somos Primos.com
Raul Longoria.net
Colonial Spanish Families of Louisiana
John D. Inclan Family Trees of Northern Mexico
[http:// villadan.com villadan.com website]
Spanish Patriots of the American Revolution (yes, there were some]
geni.com
Sample Lineages: Marcos Alonzo de la Garza on vsalgs.org

Cemeteries

On individual Cemetery pages, resources should be listed along with a description.

Find A Grave website
Category: Tamaulipas, Mexico, Cemeteries

Free Resources

Rootsweb
Familysearch.org
Somos Primos.com
John D. Inclan Family Trees of Northern Mexico
Raul Longoria.net
Colonial Spanish Families of Louisiana
Families of General Teran, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, Volume Seven, 2nd Edition By Crispin.Rendon@gmail.com (pdf, pages 420)
SHHAR.net
John P. Schmal
Texas Free Space Page has a listing of resources and so does each Texas County (in progress) see Category: Texas
Spanish Patriots of the American Revolution (yes, there were some]
Tejano Land Grant Heirs on facebook.com
The South Texas Heirs of Los Porciones on facebook.com
The Republic of Spanish and Mexican Land Grants
Genealogy of Mexico by Gary Felix on tripod.com
Southern California Genealogical Society
sologenealogia.com (sp and en) Passenger Lists for the early 16th century
sologenealogia.com Surname search

Paid Resource Sites

Ancestry.com

Mexican Genealogy Research Online: A Guide to Help You Discover Your Ancestry

Find Your Mexican Ancestors in the Worlds Newspapers Using Eliphind

Genealogy Services


Photos and Images

Sources for this Page

  1. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/gadsden-purchase Gadsden Purchase on history.state.gov website]
  2. History of Nuevo Leon Mexico on Wikipedia
  3. New Spain (see Spanish Borderlands)
  4. Coahuila on history.com
  5. Tlaxcalteca Indians
Cavazos, Israel (2003), Breve historia de Nuevo León, Fondo de Cultura Económica, ISBN 968-16-4541-3
De León, Alonso (2005), Historia de Nuevo León con noticias sobre Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Texas y Nuevo México, Fondo de Cultura Económica, ISBN 970-9715-09-7
Vizcaya, Isidro (2005), En los albores de la independencia: las Provincias Internas de Oriente durante la insurrección de don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, 1810-1811, Fondo de Cultura Económica, ISBN 970-9715-04-6
Cavazos, Israel (2003), Breve historia de Nuevo León, Fondo de Cultura Económica, ISBN 968-16-4541-3
De León, Alonso (2005), Historia de Nuevo León con noticias sobre Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Texas y Nuevo México, Fondo de Cultura Económica, ISBN 970-9715-09-7
Vizcaya, Isidro (2005), En los albores de la independencia: las Provincias Internas de Oriente durante la insurrección de don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, 1810-1811, Fondo de Cultura Económica, ISBN 970-9715-04-6




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I became profile manager of this page as part of working on the relaunch of US Southern Colonies; apparently this page used to be part of the previous incarnation of this project. I'd like to turn profile management over to someone associated with the Mexico project? Anyone?
posted by Jillaine Smith
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December 8, 2014

posted by Paula J
Allan this looks good
posted by Mary Richardson