Passengers on the Ship Rowand, arriving 1753

Profile managers: Danny Gutknecht [send private message], Dave Rutherford [send private message], and Michael Kerstetter [send private message]

Work in Progress:

Project to identify the immigrating passengers, who arrived on the ship "Rowand".

The Snow "Rowand" sailed under the command of Capt. Arthur Tran from Rotterdam (Netherlands) via Cowes on the Isle of White in England. They reached the port of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on September 29th 1753.

NOTE: Wikitree profiles previously categorized as Roland passengers have will have the following header above the biography section. This is useful for collecting and collating/merging existing Wikitree profiles relevant to this project.

Category:Rowand, Arrived 29 September 1753 [with double square brackets]

This tag populates an alphabetized list of Wikitree profiles for 1753 Rowand passengers.

Historical Background of the emigration with focus on the Nassau Counties

It is not intended to give a detailed history of the emigration at this point, but it seems not unimportant to give at least a brief overview of the background that drove so many inhabitants of a relatively small territory to board ships at the same time and risk their lives to make the arduous crossing to America. Furthermore, for the large proportion of American descendants of these courageous pioneers, who naturally always see them as "immigrants", it is perhaps important to hear the story from a different perspective. The focus here will therefore be on how those who stayed behind and the official authorities and governments viewed the emigration, particularly in the area that was the old home of the passengers on the "Rowand" - the district of Beilstein in the Principality of Nassau-Diez. All information about this specific topic can be found (if not otherwise stated) in the book Die Nassau-Dillenburger Auswanderung nach Amerika im 18. Jahrhundert: Das Verhalten der Regierung dazu und die späteren Schicksale der Auswanderer by Adolf Gerber,^[1] who collected all his information directly from the State Archives of Hesse in Wiesbaden.

The first wave of emigration 1709/10

The great Palatine emigration of 1709 was not limited to the Palatinate, but also took place from neighboring areas, such as the five Nassau Counties, and generally throughout southwestern parts of the Holy Roman Empire. The main trigger for this first wave was the War of the Spanish Succession, which had not left these regions untouched. Rising prices, declining wages and increased levies due to war taxes increased the indebtedness and poverty of the population. In addition, the winter of 1708/09 was extremely harsh. The vineyards suffered extensive damage and the winter cereals perished. A famine was foreseeable for 1709 and then occurred. Under such circumstances, it is not surprising that detailed oral and printed reports of the legendary "Island", as which the Carolina and Pennsylvania colonies were imagined at the time in central Europe, combined with the belief that the English Queen (Anne) would organize crossings there, became the talk of the day and ultimately triggered a popular movement. The Count Johann Wilhelm Friso of Nassau-Diez, Prince of Oranien, regarded this movement as foolish and ominous, but initially allowed all those who asked for permission to leave on their own responsibility and after they had fulfilled all their obligations. It was only when the number grew over the summer of 1709, and more and more skilled craftsmen and workers were lost, that he saw it as a personal insult and ingratitude for all he had done to relieve them during the turmoil of war. And when the first reports arrived of the hardships awaiting the emigrants in England, after it was clear that the crossing was by no means free, Prince Wilhelm considered it his duty to put a stop to it all, or at least not to be of any assistance to anyone by giving his consent to emigrate. In an edict from September, he issued a general proclamation: Those who did not wish to be deterred should be aware that they would never be allowed to return to the country and would have a maximum of three weeks to sell their movable goods, after which they should leave so that they would not stay there all winter and eat away the few provisions of those who stayed behind. Their immovable goods were to be given to the state for the payment of debts, so that they could then be given to others who remained faithfully at home to cultivate the fields. In October, the wave of emigration subsided, some withdrew their application to leave the country, and some returned home from England when the conditions there were no longer acceptable.

Those who did not turn back, after a more or less long stay in Holland, first reached England, where great disappointment awaited them, as nothing was prepared for their early onward journey. On the contrary, the English authorities were completely overwhelmed by the large crowds that suddenly arrived, over 30,000 people in a short period of time. The conditions in the ports were terrible, many of the arrivals died of hunger and poor hygiene. They were not housed in camps or other accommodation, but had to wait in the ships or live on the streets. It triggered a dispute within the government about the immigration laws. Queen Anne wanted to settle the "Palatines" in England, others wanted to settle them in Ireland to strengthen Protestantism. However, the calculated cost of about 150,000 pounds sterling caused both sides to abandon the idea as quickly as possible. It was decided to send only about 3,000 men to Ireland as laborers to help build the arsenal in Dublin and to select another 3,000 "sound and able" settlers for the province of New York.

Around Easter 1710, they sailed on ten ships with the new governor Robert Hunter and the ordained pastor Joshua Harrsch, alias Kocherthal, to New York City, which they reached in the summer of 1710. Hunter's project, approved by the government, envisaged that the Germans would produce pitch and tar for the magazines of the British navy from the pine trees there, and thus virtually work off their passage. As another member of the selection committee, the pastor Friedrich Häger, also came from a Nassau County, it can be assumed that a number of Nassau emigrants were among the 3,000 chosen.

Some emigrants stayed behind in New York City, for the others shanty camps were built on the middle Hudson, the West Camps (Elizabeth Town, George Town, New Town) near Saugerties on royal land on the west bank and the East Camps (Hunterstown, Queensbury, Annsbury, Haysbury), on the property of the nobleman Robert Livingston, who is said to have made good money from the payments made by the government to support the immigrants. Pitch and tar production never got off the ground, whether because of the unsuitability of the tree species or for other reasons. In September 1712, the government stopped paying the settlers and left them to their fate. After a winter of hunger in 1712/13, many families left the camps of their own accord. Many settled in the not too distant Schoharietal without tools or livestock and in miserable conditions. Since their land titles were disputed there, 100 families bought land from the Mohawk in the middle Mohawk Valley in 1723 with the approval of the governor in the Stone Arabia Patent and Burnetsfield Patent. In the same year, 15 families moved in a large trek to Pennsylvania, which they now considered more favorable for a settlement, and established the Tulpehocken settlement there.

For some families at least, the arduous journey ended up being beneficial, and it was above all these successful settlers who gradually found ways to write about their success in letters to the relatives left behind in the old homeland. From around 1730, such tales out of the New World also reached the territory of the Nassau dominions. Again and again, but only sporadically, small groups followed their successful relatives, or completely new young adventurers followed the call of the wider world. However, this intermittent migration movement was not very noticeable and attracted little attention from the authorities. After the end of the War of the Spanish Succession, the situation in Europe had calmed down for the time being anyway and better conditions ensured the recovery of the population, so a few emigrations were not significant.

The second wave of emigration 1749-1753

War again - Europe after the death of the Emperor

... will follow soon ...

The situation in the Nassau territories after the reunification

... will follow soon ...

The visitor from America

... will follow soon ...

The contract

The historian and Professor emerita of History Marianne S. Wokeck at Indiana University conducted a study about the history of early American immigration. During her extensive research she managed to put together from many and more sources a list of ships that were involved in transportation of people from europe into the British colonies. Finding not only the name of these, but also the home base, captain, tonnage, travel routes and number of passengers transported, gives a very detailed insight in the development of this kind of "trade". She published her findings in a book called "Trade in Strangers: The Beginnings of Mass Migration to North America." ^[2]

She was also able to go through the archives in Rotterdam that have special documents from that time including a large number of contracts made between the merchants of Rotterdam and the emigrants willing to travel across the ocean. These merchants can be seen as a kind of "travel agents", who managed and organized the whole business and mediate between the passengers and the captains of the ships. Normally they also worked closely together with a counterpart or business partner on the other side in the ports of the new world. These contracts had to be signed especially by those emigrants who could not pay the entire travelling expenses in advance and intended to pay the rest later in America. Copies of some of them were also deposited in the city archives of Rotterdam as security for the merchants, where they remain to this day. In her book Professor Wokeck mentioned, which contracts she found. Unfortunately she only was interested in finding out which ships were involved and how many passengers are mentioned in the contract, to calculate the frequency of voyages and total number of passengers (her main coal of research). She did however mention also a contract made on March 23rd 1753 between the merchant Daniel Havart of Rotterdam and some Emigrants. She also could link this Daniel Havart to the ships he hired for the transportation, and one of them was indeed the "Rowand".

I since tried to get my hands on this contract, but so far there is no answer from the archive in Rotterdam. In her book Professor Wokeck mentioned, that there was a big online data set on the server of the University of Indiana, but the provided link seems to have been taken down since then. I have found, however, another genealogist named Volker Rosenkranz who is particularly interested in the early emigration from the Daade Valley, a region that used to belong to the County of Sayn and borders directly on the former Principality of Nassau-Oranien. He has also made contact with the descendants of various emigrants who now live in America and whom he helps with questions about their ancestry. Through these contacts he managed to obtain a message from America about this contract, probably from private documents. The treaty can be reconstructed in its entirety from this copy, which probably originally came from the archives in Rotterdam. However, I would like to point out that it is certainly already a copy in at least the second generation, i.e. a copy of a copy. This makes it impossible to estimate how many reading and spelling mistakes have crept in, especially in the proper names. A direct copy of the original would be preferable, and perhaps I will manage to get one. Until then, the following transcript, which I translate here, will have to suffice. First comes the text of the contract, followed be a list of the undersigned names and the number of freights they payed, as found on the contract. The table additionally has columns providing the home village that we found, on which ship list the name is found and a link to the Wikitree profile as soon as we have one.

Contract made on March 23rd 1753 between Daniel Havart of Rotterdam and the undersigned.

We the undersigned hereby confirm and agree to the terms and conditions of the contract of Daniel Havart of Rotterdam, in the following manner:

First: The above-mentioned Daniel Havart agrees to provide us, the undersigned, with a comfortable ship for the passage from Rotterdam to Philadelphia. For this purpose, the ship should be equipped with sleeping berths on the tween deck for each adult of us. This means that each adult counts as a full freight. The berths should be on both sides of the ship and be 6 feet and 1 1/2 feet so that the crossing can take place comfortably and in a private atmosphere for each of us.

Secondly: The ship should be equipped with sufficient provisions, i.e. fresh bread, flour, meat with peas, rice, beans, grits, butter, cheese and much more. All this should be available for us, the undersigned, from the first day on board the ship from Rotterdam to Philadelphia. It should be handled as follows:

Sundays. 1 pound of meat with peas, rice or beans.

Mondays: 1 pound of flour per meal.

Tuesdays: 1/2 pound of ham with peas, rice or beans.

Wednesdays: 1 pound of flour per meal.

Thursdays: 1 pound of meat with peas, rice or beans.

Fridays: 1 pound of butter, 1/2 pound of salt cod with peas, rice or beans.

Saturdays: 6 pounds of bread, 1 pound of cheese and pea soup.

We also require one pint of beer a day, as long as it is in good condition, and one pint of water. Should the beer goes bad, we demand 2 measures of water a day. Furthermore, from 6 o'clock in the morning until 6 o'clock in the evening, a fireplace should be available for cooking and warming and warm the sick and small children, weather and wind permitting. To prevent nausea on board, two barrels of vinegar and a barrel of brandy should be on hand. The same goes for spices and necessary medicines, so that none of us fall ill or even lose our lives because of a lack of these things.

The fare is calculated according to a person's age: Young children under the age of four travel free of charge. Children from four to fourteen years of age pay half price. Persons over the age of fourteen must pay the full freight under the following agreement: All persons paying the full fare, first pay at least half of it, 7 ½ pistoles,^[3] in Rotterdam. Those unable to pay have to pay something equivalent to the value of 8 pistoles for their passage. To ease the burden on passengers, their luggage will be taken to Philadelphia at no extra cost.

On the way to Rotterdam

... will follow soon ...

The Snow "Rowand"

What is a "Snow" and how many people were on board

This type of ship originated in the 1600s when it was used mainly by the merchants of the free imperial cities of the Holy Roman Empire and other states along the coast of the Baltic Sea. The original German name for it was "Schnau" which means "beak" and refers to the characteristic front bow of the vessel. Depending on their language other nations later used similar sounding names for it. In Dutch it was called "Snauw" in Englisch the word "Snow" sounded closest to it and so it became the name, even if "Snout" probably would have been more correct.
According to the literature ^{[4] [5]} it evolved from the three-masted ships, as the rear mast was gradually moved closer towards the mainmast, until it was no longer a separate mast, but was instead made fast at the main mast top. The use of this characteristic snow mast offered several advantages over attaching the gaff directly to the main mast. It made the ship more maneuverable. The Snow was considered a very handy and fast sailing vessel, even if it was typically the largest two masted vessel around. It is said that only 35 men were needed to sail a Snow, but the normal number of the crew probably was closer to 50. In case of the ships used specifically for the transport of immigrants, it is possible that some of the young male passengers had to help out occasionally as seamen, maybe as part payment for the passage.

Arrival of the "Rowand" 1752 in Charlestown.

The passenger lists for the voyage of the "Rowand" ending on 29 Sep 1753 in Philadelphia never give a total headcount of the people on board. Since only the male immigrants over the age of 16 years had to be reported to the officials and sign the oaths of alligence, we know only the names of these 109 man. But normally such immigrant ships also carried many women and children, and from other cases it is known that around 300 passengers could fit in such a snow. In fact there is a very specific record about the "Rowand" itself from the year before, as she arrived on October 2nd 1752 in Charlestown and "The South-Carolina Gazette" reported the next day,^[6] that there were near 300 German passengers on board. The same number can be assumed for the 1753 passage.

The daily life aboard an immigrant ship like the "Rowand"

... will follow

The Names on the Passenger List

Most Germanic immigrants to the port of Philadelphia, beginning in 1727, were recorded in three different lists at the time of their arrival. The originals have been preserved in the Pennsylvania State Archives in Harrisburg, and have been published on several occasions more or less completely, the best and latest publication beeing done by the Pennsylvania German Society in the three-volume "Pennsylvania German Pionieers" by Ralph Beaver Strassburger and William John Hinke (Norristowe, Pa., 1934). ^{[7] [8]} For a more detailed explanation, see the introductory part of their work in volume I.
There is also an older publication of most of the lists done by Israel Daniel RUPP. ^[9] As well as a Online Website about "Immigrant Ships" and their passengers, using the Lists from Strassburger, that might give some additional clues. ^[10]

The Captains' List, called List A by Strassburger, was made up by the Captain of the vessel or one of his clerks, and thus does not contain signatures of the passengers. the spellings of the names often reflect the efforts of an English clerk to comprehend German, which resulted in some cases in badly butchered names, and sometimes simply in a translation into English (like Brown for Braun, and Weaver for Weber).
More helpful are the other two lists. The passengers had to take the Oath of Allegiance (to King George II), named as List B by Strassburger, and the Oath of Abjuration (from the pretender James III), named as List C. Both lists had to be signed in person at the court house. Here we find the real signatures of all the male passengers aged 16 and older, who were able to write and well enough to leave the ship and go to the court house. All others just signed with a mark beside their names written down by the clerk or a fellow ship mate. Behind the sick people there is a note, stating that they are still "on board". This gives the best knowledge about the names, since it reflects the spelling the passengers were actually used to in their language, and even in the cases of the ones that could not write themselves we find at least another "try" by the clerk to understand the names.

The following table compares the lists by number, since the names are not completely given in the same sequence, and by name, since there are severe differences between List A and the other two for the reasons mentiond above. It might help in finding the right persons.

General Tasks to be done

Loose Ends

Some side related profiles that need work, or profiles that had to be detached from existing "Rowand" passengers due to the new research we are doing, should be stored here with a note, so that we find them later or could sort them out.

• John Wilhem Grau (abt.1730-abt.1750) was attached as husband to the first daughter of A017 Anna Eva Buchner, but new research confirmed her death at only age 1. I removed him, but the name suggests, he might have relatives in the parish of Marienberg.

• Christian Johann Loop (1695-aft.1753) might have a connection to the Lupp family in the parish of Marienberg. See also all the connected profiles.

• Anna Gertraut (Mann) Schell (1665-1765) is from the region and might be connected

• Anna Rubsamen (1739-1803) Has clearly something to do with the Project.
  Where does she and her family fit in?

Research by Name

Names given here will be in the most likely variant of spelling used in Germany. It might change if new insight comes to light about regional spelling conventions. The sequence follows List (209A) in Strassburger (see sources). All clues followed and tasks still to be done will be collected here.

A001 - Philippus Schmidt (xxxx-xxxx)

A002 - Johann Georg Starck (xxxx-xxxx)

A003 - Johann Christ Weinbrenner (1735-1815)

• Forum discussion about the guy in question. The date is wrong but ist the "Rowand" in 1753. https://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/winebrenner/2/ managed by Alison Gardner

• his profile on Wikitree:
  • as usual very conflated ? father has two wifes married on same day ?
  • ancestry will have to be checked,
  • LNAB for male ancestors clearly false, to be changed into "Weinbrenner" !!
  • mother and siblings are said to be on board too ??

A004 - Daniel Flender (xxxx-xxxx)

A005 - Johannes Peter Weigel (1717-????)

• Listed as "Peter Wile" signed as "Johannes Petter Weyel" due to dialectic pronunciation.
• He traveled with his wife Anna Maria, née Müller; born 1725, and two little children:
  • daughter: Anna Maria Weigel (Weyel); born 1750
  • daughter: Anna Gertraud Weigel (Weyel); born 1752
• What has become of him and the family in America is still completely unknown.

A006 - Johannes Stephan Klöckner (1726-1787)

• Find A Grave: Memorial #195984128
• FamilySearch Person: LZ37-4K2

A007 - Christ Henrich Greb (1702-xxxx)

• Listed as "Christian Krebb" signed as "Christ Henrich Greb"
• He traveled with his wife Anna Maria, née Filger; born ????, and four children:
  • son: Johann Matthias "Theiß" Greb; born 1731 --> see A008 !
  • son: Johann Christian "Christ" Greb; born 1736
  • son: Johann Henrich Greb; born 1739
  • son: Johann Gerhard Greb; Born 1743

• His name might have changed in America into Gref, Graef, Gräff, Graff or something similar.
• He and his wife are on Ancestry.com, but as usual very conflated.
• They seem to have settled in Paradise Twp, York, Pennsylvania
• His oldest son Johann Theiß was old enough to sign the Oaths: see A008, next to his father

• Wikitree profiles that might be related:
  • Johann Henrich Graff (1787-1874) of Paradise, York, Rennsylvania

A008 - Johann Matthias "Theiß" Greb (1731-xxxx)

• Listed as "Matthias Krebb" signed as "Johann Deis Greb"
• See also: his father: A007 !!
• Married Anna Gertraud Lauer, daughter of passenger A077, Johann Mathias Lauer
• They seem to have settled in Paradise Twp, York, Pennsylvania
• Has a profile on Ancestry.com

A009 - Johannes Wilhelm Jung (xxxx-xxxx)

A010 - Johann Peter Meyer (xxxx-xxxx)

A011 - Johann Philippus Schmidt (xxxx-xxxx)

A012

A013 - Johann Peter Badenheimer (bef.1737-abt.1800)

A014

A015 - Johann Willhelm Böhmer (xxxx-xxxx)

• Book: "Palatine German Immigration to Ireland and U.S., Hank Z Jones collection, 1654-1878"
  Hank Z Jones; San Diego, CA, USA; Book Title: Westerwald to America; Page number: 38
  Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry Record 62327 #64952 (accessed 16 August 2024)
  Name: Johann Wilhelm Böhmer; Record Type: Residence; Confirmation Date: 10 Apr 1735; Father: [No Name]; Mother: Anna Veronica; Author: Annette Kunselman Burgert and Henry Z Jones Jr.

A016 - Johann Peter Kolb (1701-1755)

A017 - Johann Martin Buchner (1705-xxxx)

Family On Board

• Wife: Elisabetha Maria (Zehrung) Buchner (1704-abt.1780)
• Son: Johannes Buchner - see A018
• Son: Johann Heinrich Buchner - see A019
• Daughter: Anna Catharina (Buchner) Beam (1737-1820)
• Son: Johann Christ Buchner (1742-1820)
• Son: Johann Matthias (Buchner) Boughner (1745-abt.1812)
• Son: Christian Buchner (1747-abt.1787)... maybe? Need more info on him.

On Board Cross Relationships

• Martin's wife Elisabetha Maria (Zehrung) Buchner (1704-abt.1780) is the sister of Johannes Zehrung (1706-1773), passenger A059
• Half brother of Anna Catharina (Gro) Mann (1700-), the wife of Passenger A020 Christianus Mann (1696-).

A018 - Johannes Buchner Sr (1729-1791)

To Do List

1. find the marriage, that supposely took place still in Europe, to Catherine Irene Mueller, maybe before 1750
2. There are two children Philip in the profile, but which is correct? The one born in circa 1750 Germany or the one born in 1757 in New Jersey??
3. has to be merged with Johannes Buchner Sr (abt.1729-1791) also wife and children Philip and John, but some dates differ, all dates, places, wives are unsourced so it's hard to know what data to keep.

• Book that might help: R. Robert Mutrie, "Buchner/Boughner Genealogies" https://sites.google.com/site/niagarasettlers/ontario-pioneers/settlers-b/ontario-pioneers-brady-to-budd
• Book that might help: William Yeager, "Sources in Buchner-Boughner Genealogy"

On Board Cross Relationships

• Son of passenger A017 Johann Martin Buchner (1705-abt.1780).
• Half nephew of Anna Catharina (Gro) Mann (1700-), the wife of Passenger A020 Christianus Mann (1696-).
• First cousin twice removed with Johann Matthias Lauer, passenger A077.

A019 - Johann Henrich Buchner Sr. (1734-1817)

On Board Cross Relationships

• Son of passenger A017 Johann Martin Buchner (1705-abt.1780).
• Half nephew of Anna Catharina (Gro) Mann (1700-), the wife of Passenger A020 Christianus Mann (1696-).

A020 - Christianus Mann (1696-????)

To Do List

• Christianus had seven children. Need to figure out how many survived and how many emigrated.
• Is wife Anna Catharina related to A031 Johann Conrad Gro?

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Catharina (Gro) Mann (1700-)
• Undetermined children. See To Do List.

On Board Cross Relationships

• First cousin to Passenger A094 Johann Christian Mann (1697-)
• Wife Anna Catharina was the half sister of Passenger A017 Johann Martin Buchner (1705-abt.1780) and half aunt to his sons Passengers A018 Johannes and A019 Johann Henrich.

A021 - Johann David Conrad Kesler (1727-1798)

• Brother Phillip and father Adolph arrived on the Two Brothers in 1753.
• Profile needs sources

A022 - Christian Blickensdörfer (1724-1800)

• • Mennonite; doesn't belong to the "Nassau"-Group of passengers; comes from further south.
  • He is traveling with his brother --> see A023 next
• profile has to be cleaned up und further research is necessary to clearyfy some facts

A023 - Jost Blickenstaff (1735-1826)

• • Mennonite; doesn't belong to the "Nassau"-Group of passengers; comes from further south.
  • He is traveling with his brother --> see A022 before
• wrong LNAB --> has to be changes into "Blickensdörfer"
• profile has to be cleaned up and further research is necessary to clarify some facts

A024 - Johann Jacob Lingenfelter (1724-)

• Needs profile improvement, sources
• Wife Maria Elisabetha (Ranger) Ligenfelter (abt.1726-1820)

A025

A026 - Jacob Haas or [George Hass / Jacob Heterig] ???

• The identity of this passenger is a mystery. According to his position relative to the other passengers in the sequence of the names on the several lists (Strassburger A, B, C) his name is given as "Jacob Hass" by the officials (list A). He was not able to write, so his name was written down for him in list B as "George Hass" and he gave his mark in form of an X. On list C, however, his name was written for him as "Jacob Heterig" and he gave his mark in form of an x (although it is difficult to see due to leaking ink).

A027

A028

A029

A030

A031 - Johann Conrad (Gro) Kroh (1711-1789)

To Do List

• Children have to be checked.
• Mother is a Crumm. Need to figure out her relationship with Crumms on board and Johannes Zehrung's first and second wives.
• This information about Conrad's sister's husband needs to be integrated into her profile. Need to find her marriage record based on what this says. Did Conrad end up where she did? https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/62327/images/i1526415-00235?usePUB=true&_phsrc=JVi1963&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&pId=67185

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Elisabeth (Hofmann) Gro (1711-)
• Daughter: Anna Catharina Gro (1739-aft.1790)
• Daughter: Anna Margretha (Gro) Kroh (1746-)
• Son: Johannes Gerhard (Gro) Kroh (1752-1825)

On Board Cross Relationships

• Conrad was the first cousin, once removed, of Anna Marie (Uhr) Zehrung (1715-1760), wife of Johannes Zehrung, passenger A059.

A032 - Johann Christian Rübsamen (1708-abt.1761)

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Elisabeth (Mann) Rübsamen (abt.1675-1723)
• Son: Johannes Rübsamen (1746-)
• Daughter: Anna Margaretha Rübsamen (1749-)
• Daughter: Anna Elisabeth Rübsamen (1752-)

On Board Cross Relationships

• Christian was the brother of passenger A096 Johann Matthias Rübsamen (1711-).
• Christian was the brother of Anna Maria (Rübsamen) Mann (1700-), the wife of Pasenger A094 Johann Christian Mann.

To Do List

• Is wife Anna Elisabeth related to https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mann-16277?
• The wife of passenger A033 is a Rübsamen. How are they related?

A033 - Johann Theiß Hisger/Hisgen (xxxx-xxxx)

• Jones entry - https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/62327/images/i1526415-00112?treeid=&personid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=JVi2524&_phstart=successSource&pId=65532
• related to Rubsamen family

A034 - John Gerhard Hummell (1718-1790)

A035

A036

A037

A038

A039

A040

A041

A042

A043

A044

A045 - Johannes Philippus Späth (???? - ????)

A046 - Johan Henrich Späth (???? - ????)

A047

A048

possibly: FamilySearch Person: KNQW-JJW

A049

A050 - Jacob Sheets (1736-1809)

• Needs correct LNAB

A051

A052

A053 - Johann George (xxxx-xxxx)

• mentioned in an article: https://www.newspapers.com/image/346694382/

A054

A055

A056 -Johann Matthias Brand (abt.1720-)

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Maria Mann (1724-)
• Son: Johann Henrich Brand (1751-)

On Board Cross Relationships

• Wife, Anna Maria was the daughter of passenger A020 Christianus Mann (1696-)

A057

A058 - Ludwig Lupp (1733-1798)

Wikitree Profiles, that need to be dealed with:

• Ludwig Lupp (1733-1798); adopted by Mike, but created by John Graham and connected to James Paxton (brother and father)
  • He is ment to be the one in question according to dates and the attached son.
  • I added the birth record for him (was completely empty and unsourced before).
  • It is obvious now, that he has the wrong parents and maybe siblings as well. So he should be removed. Do you agree? Yes
  • I already created his real parents Johann Heinrich Lupp and wife, he can be attached to. Completed
  • I plan to go up the LUPP line and see If he ends up hitting your LUPP ancestor. Thank you, that would be great!
• Note that the published Biography of Ludwig Lupp mentions that Henry Lupp came to America 30 Sept 1754 on the ship Edinburgh and that this was probably Ludwig's father. We need to find that record and do what we can to confirm it is indeed the father.

Noted in list as a Reformed minister: https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/6390/images/000326640?ssrc=pt&treeid=3824373&personid=290029443200&usePUB=true&pId=326;

Biography of Ludwig Lupp: https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/14155/images/dvm_LocHist001044-00038-1?ssrc=pt&treeid=3824373&personid=290029443200&usePUB=true&pId=74

Extensive history of the "Loop Family in America" including German roots: https://theloopfamilyinamerica.org/index.html

On Board Cross Relationships

• Ludwig was the third cousin of Johannes Zehrung (1706-1773), passenger A059.
• Ludwig was the third cousin of Anna Maria (Lupp) Crumm (1702-), the wife of Paulus Crumm, passenger A097.

To Do List

1. Find out how first wife is related to the two Späths on the passenger list, if so.
2. Profiles for wives. (Can't identify records for first wife, still need to look for second wife.)
3. Profiles for Ludwig's siblings (listed in father's profile).
4. Need original sources for the data in father's and grandfather's profiles
5. Ludwig has a brother Lohann Friedrich who married Anna Maria Uhr, daughter of Christian Uhr. It would be nice to get that interconnection into the WT tree.

A059 - Johannes Zehrung (1706-1773)

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Marie (Uhr) Zehrung (1715-1760)
• Son: Johann Henrich (Zehrung) Zehring (1737-abt.1818)
• Son: Ludwig (Zehrung) Zearing (1739-1801)
• Son: Johann Mathias Zehrung (1745-1817)
• Daughter: Anna Elisabeth (Zehrung) Kerstetter (1749-bef.1790)

On Board Cross Relationships

• Johannes was the third cousin of Ludwig Lupp (1733-1798), passenger A058.
• Johannes' sister Elisabetha Maria (Zehrung) Buchner (1704-abt.1780) is the wife of Johann Martin Buchner, passenger A017
• Johannes was the second cousin of Anna Maria (Lupp) Crumm (1702-) the wife of Paulus Crumm, passenger A097
• Johannes's wife on board ship, Anna Marie (Uhr) Zehrung (1715-1760), was the first cousin, once removed, of Johann Conrad Gro, passenger A031.

To Do List

1. Incorporate the information about Johannes and siblings being taken in by villagers after being orphaned. Johannes done but not the siblings. Need to finish verifying the foster parents.
2. Pages 33-35 of Wilson Zaring's "Descendants of Ludwig Zehrung, Mathias Zehrung, ..." seems to take the Zehrung's line back to "Zering der alte" father of Michel b. ca 1510 in Langenbach, thanks to records found by a paid genealogist "in the Archives, in Weisbaden". Can those records be found and the extra generations verified?
3. Check to see if Johannes' foster mother is related to the two Späths on the passenger list.
4. How are Johannes' first wife and second mother-in-law, both Crumms, related to passenger Paulus Crumm?

A060

A061

A062

A063

A064 - Johann Engelberth Strunk (1729-1796)

• He had two children baptized at Tohickon [today: Bucks County, PA] by the itinerant preacher, Rev. Egidius Hecker (who was born in Dilenberg).

On Board Cross Relationships

• See the details under the heading for his relative (brother?), Johann Henrich Strunck (~1720-1796), who is number A090 on the 1753 Rowand lists.

A065 - Johann Jacob Haas (1718-ca1798)

To Do List

• A reference says that Jacob is related to the Crumm family through his paternal grandmother but this hasn't yet been established as true. If it is, it might be passenger A079 Johann Frantz Crumm's branch of the family. It appears that Jacob may have named one of his American-born sons after Frantz.

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Elisabeth (Müller) Haas (1716-)
• Son: Johann Antonius Haas (abt.1743-abt.1840)
• Son: Johann Christian Haas (1750-)

On Board Cross Relationships

• wife Elisabeth was the half-sister of Johannes Peter Weigel's wife Anna Maria (Müller) Weigel (1725-) (Passenger A005)

A066

A067

A068

A069

A070

A071 - Johannes Selbach (abt.1718-aft.1753)

A072

A073 - George Peter Bare (1736-1795)

A074

A075

A076

A077 - Johann Matthias "Theiß" Lauer (1698-????)

To Do List

• profile on Wikitree: Johann Theiss Lower (1698-) has to be merged
• However the LNAB is wrong and the PM Ron Powers seems inactive. Since also all relatives have the wrong LNAB, easiest way seems to be creating new profiles as they are required during research of this family and later merge the existing wrong ones into the new, which can be done without PM after a month. I started to do so.
• His son Henrich was also on the "Rowand" and old enough to sign, see A078 next.

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Maria (Kölsch) Lauer (1696-)
• Daughter: Catharina Lauer (1732-)
• Son: Johann Henrich Lauer, passenger A078
• Daughter: Anna Gertraud Lauer (1737-)
• Son: Matthias Lauer (1740-abt.1790)

On Board Cross Relationships

• First cousin once removed with Johannes Zehrung, passenger A059.
• First cousin twice removed with Johannes Buchner, Sr., passenger A018.
• Daughter Anna Gertraud married passenger A008, Johann Matthias "Theiß" Greb

A078 - Johann Henrich Lauer (1735-)

Son of Johann Matthias Lauer, passenger A077

A079 - Johann Franciscus "Frantz" Crumm (1732-xxxx)

To Do List

• Find New World records for Frantz. Have searched for American records for this Franciscus, but can't find any I can confidently tie to him. All records found so far seem to be for Franciscus son of Paulus (passenger A097)
• Both parents already have Wikitree Profiles, but the mother's is empty and the father's is empty past the births of his children. These need to be filled out.
  • The father is said to have died in America 1755 ???? no source. Has to be proved or rejected.

On Board Cross Relationships

• Passenger A097, Paulus Crumm (1686-abt.1753) is Frantz' first cousin once removed.

A080

A081

A082

A083

A084

A085

A086

A087 - Johann Henrich (Filger) Felger (1734-bef.1788)

A088 - Johann Matthias "Theiß" Schütz (1722-????)

• has profile on MyHeritage: https://www.myheritage.de/research/collection-1/myheritage-stammbaume?itemId=1227660212-2-502038&action=showRecord&recordTitle=Johann++Matthias+Sch%C3%BCtz
• needs to be found in America
• probably more children in America
• died ca 1790 ?? to be proven

A089

A090 - Henry Strunck (1720-1796)

Henry Strunck had 2 children baptized at the Tohickon Church, [in what is today Bedminster Township, Bucks County, PA] as recorded by Rev. Egidius Hecker (1726-1773). Hecker was an itinerant preacher, who performed baptisms at Tohickon between April 1756 and Feb 1762. Hecker was born in Dillenberg, and his profile says he had a twin brother. Hecker was controversial among his peers, one of whom described how the congregation at Tohickon was "ruined" by an "adventurer" [Hecker].

A perusal of Hecker's acts at Tohickon suggests that other names connected to ship lists from Dillenberg appear. The FullText of these records can be found in the History of the Tohickon Church.^[11]

On the same day at Tohickon, Henry Strunck's relative (brother?) Johan Engelberth Strunck had two of his children baptized by Hecker. A profile for Johann Heinrich Strunk (1720-1796) exists on Wikitree. However, the birth location looks wrong (Ukraine??). This is unsourced information.

He married Maria Catherine Bergdadt Christ. Her family name on Wikitree is unsourced, and her birth location shows Mainz--quite a distance from Ukraine! His brother Johan Engelberth Strunk is said to have been born in Neunkhausen, Westerwaldkreis, Rhineland-Palatinate.

There exist extensive birth records for their children in Pennsylvania.

A091

A092

A093

A094 - Johann Christian Mann (1697-)

To Do List

Family On Board

• Wife: Anna Maria (Rübsamen) Mann (1700-)
• Son: Johann Henrich Mann (1735-)
• Daughter Catharina Elisabeth (Mann) Leis (abt.1723-) is on board with husband, Passenger A095 Johannes Peter Leis (1725-) and family.

On Board Cross Relationships

• First cousin to Passenger A020 Christianus Mann (1696-)
• Father-in-law of Passenger A095 Johannes Peter Leis (1725-)
• Wife Anna Maria was the sister of passengers A032 Johann Christian Rübsamen (1708-abt.1761) and A096 Johann Matthias Rübsamen (1711-)

A095 - Johann Peter Leiss (1725-1806)

• Wikitree: Johann Peter Leiss (1725-1806), managed by Palatine Migration Project.
• His LNAB has now been changed into "Leiß" --that is, Leiß-139.
• merges have been proposed for duplicates for peter and his wife.
• the two generations preceding him, as documented by Burgert (1988), have been added to Wikitree.

Family On Board

• Son: Johann Henrich Leiss (1746-1838). Estimated age: 7 years.
• Wife: Catherine Elisabeth Mann (1725- ).
• Son: Johann Peter Leiss (1748-1820)
• Son: Christopher Leiss (1751-1826)
• Catharina Elisabeth (Mann) Leis (abt.1723-) is on board with husband, Passenger A095 Johannes Peter Leis (1725-) and family.

On Board Cross Relationships

• He might be the son-in-law of the second Christian Mann on the List (A094) directly before

A096 - Johann Matthias "Theiß" Rübsamen (1711-)

On Board Cross Relationships

• Theiß was the brother of passenger A032 Johann Christian Rübsamen (1708-abt.1761)
• Theiß was the brother of Anna Maria (Rübsamen) Mann (1700-), the wife of Passenger A094 Johann Christian Mann.

A097 - Paulus Crumm (1686-xxxx)

Wikitree Profile: Paulus Crumm (abt.1686-abt.1753); managed by: Ken Boyer

• The oldest son Johann Matthias Crumm (1726-) stayed at home in Germany and only emigrated later (1763 ship Richmond?).

Family On Board

• Wife Anna Maria, née Lupp --> has to be improved and sourced.
• Son Johannes, who was old enought to sign the list --> see A098
• Son Christian Crumm (1738-1811)
• Son Franciscus (Krumm) Crumm (1742-abt.1814)

On Board Cross Relationships

• Passenger A079, Franciscus Crumm (1732-), is Paulus' first cousin once removed.
• Paulus' wife Anna Maria (Lupp) Crumm (1702-) was the second cousin of Johannes Zehrung (1706-1773), passenger A059
• Paulus' wife Anna Maria (Lupp) Crumm (1702-) was the third cousin of Ludwig Lupp (1733-1798), passenger A058.

To Do List

1. Find out how wife is related to fellow passenger Ludwig Lupp (1733-1798)
2. Last Name AT Birth of son "Frantz" has to be changed into "Crumm". Asked Ken Boyer PM on 2/25
3. Why does Danny say the first son stayed in Germany and didn't emigrate until later?
4. Is there a marriage record for first son Johann Matthias "Theiß" prior to 1763 emigration? Maybe to Gertraud as per https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/65048:62327?tid=&pid=&queryId=d9b62bdd-b5a1-42bb-8ca0-fa05d25118d0&_phsrc=JVi1786&_phstart=successSource An Ancestry tree says Matthias' wife is Anna Gertraud Hebel. I recognize that last name... from Johannes Zehrung's family and I think from others?
5. How is Paulus related to Johannes Zehrung's first wife?

A098 - Johannes Crumm (1734-????)

• He is the son of --> A097 Paulus Crumm (1686-abt.1753)

A099

A100

A101

A102

A103 - Matthias Zimmermann (xxxx-xxxx)

• possible Wikitree profile: Matheus Zimmerman (1735-)
  • Profile is a mess as usual, but the names of his parents (Zimmermann + Crumm) as well as the birthplace of his mother (Stockhausen) are very suspicious. I think the given Stockhausen is wrongly placed here in Saxony-Anhalt and rather will be the one in the parish of Marienberg, Nassau-Oranien.
  • Also the fact that the profile has a brother called Hermann Zimmermann, an there is a Hermannus Zimmermann also right next to him in the list of the "Rowand" is suspicious.
  • furthermore the Nassau-Dillenburg List also has a Matthias Zimmermann from Stockhausen in it.

A104 - Hermannus Zimmermann (xxxx-xxxx)

• possible Wikitree profile: Herman Zimmerman (1733-1815)
  • Profile is a mess as usual, but the names of his parents (Zimmermann + Crumm) as well as the birthplace of his mother (Stockhausen) are very suspicious. I think the given Stockhausen is wrongly placed here in Saxony-Anhalt and rather will be the one in the parish of Marienberg, Nassau-Oranien.
  • Also the fact that the profile has a brother called Mattheus Zimmermann, an there is a Matthias Zimmermann also right next to him in the list of the "Rowand" is suspicious.

Hermannus is a difficult indentification because there are contradictory ids for him. The WT profile, FamilySearch and over 1000 Ancestry profiles show Herman as the son of Görg Matthias Zimmerman and Anna Dorothe Elisa Margareth Crumm of Stockhausen. The best source I've found for this is (start 2 pages ahead of where this link points):

• Passenger List: "Palatine German Immigration to Ireland and U.S., Hank Z Jones collection, 1654-1878"
  Hank Z Jones; San Diego, CA, USA; Book Title: Westerwald to America; Page number: 222
  Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry Record 62327 #67267 (accessed 28 January 2024)
  Name: Hermannus Zimmermann; Record Type: Residence; Baptism Date: 2 1734; Father: Görg Matthias Zimmermann; Mother: Anna Dorothe Elisa Margareth Crumm; Author: Annette Kunselman Burgert and Henry Z Jones Jr.

It should be noted that all of these profiles show Herman's wife as Susanna Borneman. The above source does not do so, but it does mention "A Herman Zimmerman was at Rockland Twp, Berks Co, Pa in the 1790 census." without actually saying the 1790 Herman is the same person as the 1753 immigrant. However, all the aforementioned profiles seem to believe they are the same person. That said, there is a contradictory parentage source:

• Book: Borneman, J. H. (John H.); Borneman, Amos, The history of the Borneman family in America, since the first settlers, 1721 to 1878; p. 33 and 35; https://archive.org/details/cu31924029819285/page/n37/mode/2up

This source says that Susanna Borneman's husband Herman, son of Henry, was born in Dellenburg, Holland. The author relates first hand knowledge of an extensive effort to trace the Zimmerman family in America because of an $80000000 inheritance in Holland that would go to the heirs of John Zimmerman, Henry's bachelor brother. Page 35 mentions "Jacob Zimmerman in 1852 took an active part in tracing up the Zimmerman family in America... and soon found that his [Jacob's] grandfather, - Herman Zimmerman, (married to Susanna Borneman,) - with his mother and another brother, had come to America from Holland." This wording is unclear. The word "his" in "his mother and another brother" could refer to either Herman, meaning Herman's mother and Herman's brother, or to Jacob, meaning Jacob's mother (daughter of Herman) and her brother (son of Herman). I think the former is the intended interpretation and if so, Herman and his "another brother" might be the Hermannus and Matthias who were passengers on the Rowand in 1753. Unfortunately, the source doesn't make that explicit link.

Going back the the Jones reference, pages 220-221 tell how the Nassau-Dillenberg Lists include Mathias of Stockhausen and family of 6 are included in the lists of emigres to America. Do the Nassau-Dillenberg Lists also explicitly include Hermannus? Can we find birth records for Mathias and Hermannus in Stockhausen? If so and if Hermannus is in the Nassau-Dillenberg Lists, I think that's definitive and we would have to assume the research mentioned in the Borneman book is in error.

A105

A106

A107

A108

A109

Sources

1. ↑ Adolf Gerber: Die Nassau-Dillenburger Auswanderung nach Amerika im 18. Jahrhundert: Das Verhalten der Regierung dazu und die späteren Schicksale der Auswanderer; Glensburg (1930); https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-998C-98DB?mode=g&cat=190088.
2. ↑ Marianne S. Wokeck: "Trade in Strangers: The Beginnings of Mass Migration to North America."; University Park, Pennsylvania (1999); 319 pages, and appendix.
3. ↑ Note: a pistole was originally a Spanish gold coin (span.: pistola = coin plate). In the HRE the Prussian king Frederick II indroduced a gold coin of the same value called Friedrich d’or in 1741. The value was aquivalent to 5 silver thalers of Imperial coinage. See also: [Friedrich d’or].
4. ↑ Karl Heinz Marquardt: Bemastung und Takelung von Schiffen des 18. Jahrhunderts. Augsburg 1994.
5. ↑ Gunter Schmidt: Schiffe unterm Roten Adler. Rostock 1986.
6. ↑ The South-Carolina Gazette; Tue, Oct 3, 1752; Page 3.
7. ↑ Strassburger, Ralph Beaver: Pennsylvania German Pioneers; Volume 1;
   Transcripted lists, 1727-1775; List 209 (A), (B) and (C), page 568 seq.
8. ↑ Strassburger, Ralph Beaver: Pennsylvania German Pioneers; Volume 2;
   Facsimile signatures, 1727-1775; List 209 (B) and (C), page 667 seq.
9. ↑ Rupp, Israel Daniel: Chronologisch geordnete Sammlung von mehr als 30,000 Namen von Einwanderern in Pennsylvanien aus Deutschland, der Schweiz, Holland, Frankreich u. a. St. von 1727 bis 1776; List 206; Snow "Rowand"; page 316 seq.
10. ↑ Immigrant Ships: Passenger List for the Rowand, 1753.
11. ↑ A History of the Tohickon Union Church, Bedminister Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, with copy of church records, Reformed Congregation 1745-1869, Lutheran Congregation 1749-1840, (1925) Pennsylvania German Society, prepared by Rev. William John Hinke. FullText FamilySearch