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Summary of Kedah Royal Line -- Retain for Future
Sultans of Kedah
- 1 Sultan Mudzafar Shah I 1136–1179
- 2 Sultan Mu'adzam Shah 1179–1201
- 3 Sultan Muhammad Shah 1201–1236
- 4 Sultan Mudzaffar Shah II 1236–1280
- 5 Sultan Mahmud Shah I 1280–1321
- 6 Sultan Ibrahim Shah 1321–1373
- 7 Sultan Sulaiman Shah I 1373–1422
- 8 Sultan Ataullah Muhammad Shah I 1422–1472
- 9 Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin I 1472–1506
- 10 Sultan Mahmud Shah II 1506–1546
- 11 Sultan Mudzaffar Shah III 1546–1602
- 12 Sultan Sulaiman Shah II 1602–1625
- 13 Sultan Rijaluddin Muhammad Shah 1625–1651
- 14 Sultan Muhyiddin Mansur Shah 1651–1661
- 15 Sultan Dziaddin Mukarram Shah 1661–1687
- 16 Sultan Ataullah Muhammad Shah II 1687–1698
- 17 Sultan Abdullah Mu'adzam Shah 1698–1706
- 18 Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah I 1706–1709
- 19 Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II 1710–1778
- 20 Sultan Abdullah Mukarram Shah 1778–1797
- 21 Sultan Dziaddin Mukarram Shah II 1797-1803]
- 22 Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II 1803–1843
- 23 Sultan Zainal Rashid Al-Mu'adzam Shah I 1843–1854
- 24 Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah 1854–1879
- 25 Sultan Zainal Rashid Mu'adzam Shah II 1879- 1881
- 26 Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah 1881–1943
- 27 Sultan Badlishah 1943–1958
- 28 Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah 1958–present
Draft Biographies, Sultans of Kedah
General Research
- Kedah Annals. Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa (Jawi: حكاية مروڠ مهاوڠسا ), alternatively spelt Hikayat Marong Mahawangsa and also known as the Kedah Annals, is a Malay literary work that gives a romantic account of the history and tales relating to the Malay kingdom, kingdom of Kedah.[1] The work is thought to have been written in the late 10-11th century and translated in the 19th century.[2][3] Although it contains historical facts, there are also many incredible assertions in its accounts. The era covered by the text ranged from the opening of Kedah by Merong Mahawangsa, described as a descendant of Dhu al-Qarnayn until the acceptance of Islam. [1]
Resource Links
- Wikipedia entry for Abdul Hamid Halim of Kedah
- Wikipedia. Kedah Sultanate
- Wikipedia. Malay Annals
Discussion of Sources
Biography of Sultan Mudzafar Shah I 1136–1179
Biography of Sultan Mu'adzam Shah 1179–1201
Biography of Sultan Muhammad Shah 1201–1236
Sultan Mudzaffar Shah II 1236–1280
Sultan Mahmud Shah I 1280–1321
Sultan Ibrahim Shah 1321–1373
Sultan Sulaiman Shah I 1373–1422
Sultan Ataullah Muhammad Shah I 1422–1472
Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin I 1472–1506
Sultan Mahmud Shah II 1506–1546
Sultan Mudzaffar Shah III 1546–1602
Sultan Sulaiman Shah II 1602–1625
Sultan Rijaluddin Muhammad Shah 1625–1651
Sultan Muhyiddin Mansur Shah 1651–1661
Sultan Dziaddin Mukarram Shah 1661–1687
Sultan Ataullah Muhammad Shah II 1687–1698
Sultan Abdullah Mu'adzam Shah 1698–1706
Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah I 1706–1709
Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II 1710–1778
Biography of Sultan Abdulla Mukarram Shah, 1778-1797
20 Sultan Abdullah Mukarram Shah 1778–1797
Biography of Sultan Dziaddin Mukarfram Shah II 1797-1803
21 Sultan Dziaddin Mukarram Shah II 1797-1803]
Biography of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II 1803-1843
22 Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II 1803–1843
Biography of Sultan Zainal Rashid Al-Mu'adzam Shah I 1843-1854
23 Sultan Zainal Rashid Al-Mu'adzam Shah I 1843–1854
Biography of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah 1854-1879
24 Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah 1854–1879
Biography of Sultan Zainal Rashid Mu'adzam Shah II 1879-1943
25 Sultan Zainal Rashid Mu'adzam Shah II 1879- 1881
25th Sultan of Kedah
Paduka Sri Sultan Zainal Rashid Mu'adzam Shah II ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah (4 September 1857 – 22 September 1881) was the 25th Sultan of Kedah. [2]
He reigned from 1879 to 1881. [2]
He was the son of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah with Wan Tan binti Almarhum Luang Nik Abidin. [2]
He married Tengku Mariam binti Almarhum Tengku Ziauddin and had only a princess, Tengku Aishah. Tunku Aishah married the Sultan of Langkat, Sultan Abdul Aziz Abdul Djalil Rahmat Shah. He was poisoned and died during detention in Ligor, Nakhon Si Thammarat on 22 September 1881 and was succeeded by his brother Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah I, and then by his half-brother as, Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah II in 1881.[2]
Biography of Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah 1881-1943
26 Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah 1881–1943
Biography of Sultan Badlishah 1943-1958
27 Sultan Badlishah 1943–1958
Biography of Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah 1958-2017
28 Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah 1958–2017
He was born 28 Nov 1927 at Istana Anak Bukit in Alor Setar.
Tuanku Abdul Halim received his early education at Sekolah Melayu Titi Gajah and then went to the Sultan Abdul Hamid College in Alor Setar.
In 1952, when he was the Raja Muda of Kedah, Tuanku Abdul Halim attended Wadham College, Oxford University, in the United Kingdom, graduating with a degree in social science and public administration. He joined the Kedah civil service in the 1950s.
Tuanku Abdul Halim married Tuanku Hajah Bahiyah Tuanku Abdul Rahman on March 10, 1956, and they had three daughters, Tunku Soraya, Tunku Salina and Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz. Tunku Salina has since died.
He ascended to the throne of Kedah 14 Jul 1958, upon the death of his father, Sultan Badlishah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah. He was installed as the Sultan of Kedah on Feb 20, 1959.
He served as the fifth Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia from 1970 to 1975, and again as the 14th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia from 2011 to 2016. He is the only ruler to reign as Yang di-Pertuan Agong twice, and at age 84, was the oldest elected Yang di-Pertuan Agong in Malaysia's history.
Sultanah Bahiyah died in 2003. Tuanku Abdul Halim married second Che Puan Hajah Haminah Hamidun on Dec 25, 1975, and Her Majesty was proclaimed the new Sultanah of Kedah on Jan 9, 2004, with the title of Tuanku Sultanah Hajah Haminah.
Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah died at age 89, 11 Sep 2017, at Petaling Jaya.
Sources:
- Sultan of Kedah to be next Yang di-Pertuan Agong, for second time. The Malaysian Insider, 14 Oct 2011.
- Obituary: Kedah Sultan Tuanku Abdul Halim dies at age 89, The Straits Times (Singapore) 11 Sep 2017. Available online at TheStraitsTimes.com
Sources
- ↑ {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hikayat_Merong_Mahawangsa Kedah Annals]
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Wikipedia:Zainal_Rashid_Mu'adzam_Shah_II_of_Kedah Accessed 29 April 2023 jhd
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edited by Susan (Cox) Scarcella O.A.M.
I just found a site with the text of the HIKAYAT MERONG MAHAWANGSA. In Jawi, but transliterated. It could be a useful document to include in the bio of the first sultan as it mentions his conversion to Islam and the foundation of Kedah. https://archive.org/details/HikayatMerongMahawangsaBab1/page/n7/mode/2up
The Malay commentary on the first sultan is on https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Muzaffar_Shah_I,_Kedah Biographies of the other sultans can be accessed from this page https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Kedah