The Town of Southold, New York

Date: [unknown] [unknown]
Location: [unknown]

Southold Long Island History

Just across the water (Long Island Sound) from, the Connecticut Colony, or Connecticut River Colony (established in 1636), there were Algonquian-speaking Natives living on what we now call Long Island. These Algonquian-speaking Natives were related to those in New England, and lived in eastern Long Island long before European colonization. The western portion of the island was inhabited by bands of Lenape, whose language was also one of the Algonquian languages.

Before 1636 The Plymouth Colony, had laid claim to Eastern Long Island island but had not settled it. On April 22, 1636 King Charles I of England ordered the land be given to William Alexander and he received a grant of the Island of "Matowack" which he proposed to call the Isle of Stirling. Alexander through his agent James Farret (who personally received Shelter Island and Robins Island) in turn then sold most of the eastern island to the New Haven and Connecticut colonies.

Southold remained under the jurisdiction of New Haven Colony until 1662, and of Connecticut Colony until 1674.

While a few English settlers first arrived at Southold in eastern Long Island in 1636/37. The land wasn't purchased from the indians until the summer of 1640. They purchased the land from an Indian tribe named the Corchaugs.

New Haven Colony settlement had been created separately in 1638 within the Connecticut Colony. Largely surrounded by Connecticut Colony, New Haven Colony was a Puritan Theocracy, governed only by church members.

English Puritans from New Haven Colony settled on the North Fork of Long Island, in what we now call Southold, on October 21, 1640. Settlers spelled the Indian name of what became Southold as Yennicott which is what it was called until about 1649 when it was re-named "Southold. In most histories Southold is reported as the first English settlement on Long Island in the future New York State.

Rev. John Youngs led the New Haven Colony settlers, with Peter Hallock, to Southhold and had sought to establish Southold liek New Have as a Puritan Theocracy. Their intent was to not permit other churches to operate at all, while the overall Connecticut Colony allowed freedom of religion.

Reverend John Youngs also founded Southampton (on the south fork) with settlers from Lynn, Massachusetts, almost simultaneously with Southold thus establishing the first English settlements on Long Island.

The first families or founding members of the new settlement were:

Southold		Southampton
Rev. John Youngs		Thomas Halsey
Peter Hallock		Edward Howell
Barnabas Horton		Edmond Farrington
John Budd		Allen Bread
John Conklin		Edmund Needham
John Swasey		Abraham Pierson the Elder
William Wells		Thomas Sayre
John Tuthill		Josiah Stanborough
Matthias Corwin		George Welbe
In 1650 the population of Southold was about 180		Henry Walton
		Job Sayre
		During the next few years (1640–43), Southampton gained another 43 families.

Today Southold is a town in Suffolk County, New York. It is one of ten towns of Suffolk County.

"The Southold Colony was the first settled town on Long Island, and originally exteded from Brookhaven to Oysterpond-Point, including all the islands in that vicinity, and extending thence in a direct line to within a few miles of the Connecticut shore. Like East Hampton it was originally purchased by the magistrates of the New Haven Colony, and after being held by them for a number of years, was transferred to the actual settlers, who were principally emigrants from Norfolkshire, England; who had spent about two years in the New Haven Colony, and established themselves on this island in 1640." (History & Genealogy Davenport Family, Page 215)

About Accobauk: aka Accabog, Acabog, Ocabauk, etc. 3 Southold puchased most of this area in 1648. Then in 1649 Southampton purchased the Flanders section from the ancestors of the Shinnecock Nation. in a history of Mount Olive New Jersey there is mention that many residents summered in Flanders, Long Island, which suggests that some of those New Jersey Budds could be descendants of the Southold Budds.

History Resources

• Wikipedia Southold, New York: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southold,_New_York
  
  
• Wikipedia Southampton, New York: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southampton,_New_York
  
  

Genealogy Resources

• 1686 Census of Southold, New York, published in The New York genealogical and biographical record, Vol 30; (New York, The New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, April 1899), pages 120-122.[Archive.org]
• 1698 Index of Southold, Long Island, transcribed in O'Callaghan, Edmund Bailey, The documentary history of the state of New-York, 1850 Vol 1, ; New York (State). Secretary's Office; Pages 447 - 465. (Archive.org); Another transcription available at olivetreegenealogy.com
• Moore, Charles Benjamin,Town of Southold, Long Island: Personal index prior to 1698, and index of 1698, Originally published J. Medole, 1868, New York; Analysis of the 1698 index listed above. (Indexes are not complete) (Archive.org)
• 1778 census of all Southold men listing their trades and where they lived (http://southoldtownny.gov)
• Case, Joseph. Southold Town Records Copied and Explanatory Notes Added (N.Y., 1882)
• Baker, Wesley Logan, with Arthur Channing Downs, Jr. Study of the 1658 and 1686 Depositions of Thomas Osman and Early History of Hashamomuck in the Town of Southold, Long Island, N.Y. (Publ. unknown, 1969)
• Salmon, William. The Salmon Records, A Private Register of Marriages and Deaths of the Residents of the Town of Southold, Suffolk County, N. Y. and of Persons More or Less closely Associated with that Place, 1696-1811 (Long Island, New York : New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, 1918)