From calculations from various sources, Martin was likely born between 1811-1814. His tombstone lists a birthplace of Lusmagh, Kings [Offaly] County Ireland.
His stone is very badly weathered. A photograph of the stone was sent to the Offaly Historical and Archaeological Society in 2016 and the birthplace text on the stone was confirmed to read Lusmagh by their resident genealogist, Margaret.
A search by Margaret was also conducted near Lusmagh for Martin and his family. Unfortunately, the search turned up no new information. Record availability in Ireland is an issue during the time period of Martin's birth.
Martin's youngest known brother, Thomas, was born between 1832 - 1834 in either Virginia or Ireland. Virginia is the most probable location of his birth. James, the last brother born in Ireland, was born about 1826. As the Welsh's aren't present in an 1830 census, it is likely the family immigrated around 1830 - 1834.
Martin's stone lists a death date of September 18, 1855. Recording of deaths began in 1853. Various searches, including church records, for a death record have been unsuccessful.
Martin is buried in St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church Cemetery in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia in the Welsh plot. The plot provides a beautiful view of the Harpers Ferry gap.
Sources
"United States Census, 1840," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHB9-428 : 24 August 2015), Martin Welsh, Jefferson, Virginia, United States; citing p. 295, NARA microfilm publication M704, (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), roll 563; FHL microfilm 29,687.
"United States Census, 1850," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8D4-L5L : 9 November 2014), Martin Welsh, Jefferson county, part of, Jefferson, Virginia, United States; citing family 673, NARA microfilm publication M432 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.).
"Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVPQ-YQ1P : 13 December 2015), Martin Welsh, ; Burial, Harpers Ferry, Jefferson, West Virginia, United States of America, Saint Peters Cemetery; citing record ID 135862494, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
Mills, Helen H., comp. "APPENDIX B. GENEALOGIES OF FAMILIES IN EASTERN JEFFERSON COUNTY." In History of Eastern Jefferson County, West Virginia, by William D. Theriault, 251-53. WV: William D. Theriault, 2009.
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DNA Connections
It may be possible to confirm family relationships with Martin by comparing test results with other carriers of his Y-chromosome or his mother's mitochondrial DNA.
However, there are no known yDNA or mtDNA test-takers in his direct paternal or maternal line.
It is likely that these autosomal DNA test-takers will share some percentage of DNA with Martin: