Thomas Yeomans Baker (1877 - 1960)

Born 4 Jan 1877 in Leicester, Leicestershire, England

Ancestors

Husband of Eliza Winifred (Windley) Baker — married 7 Jul 1906 in Victoria Road, Baptist Church, Leicester

Descendants

Died 4 Jun 1960 at age 83 in Crofton, St. Catherines Road, Hayling Island, Hampshire, England

Problems/Questions Profile manager: Michael Baker [send private message]

Biography

Thomas Yeomans Baker was born in Leicester on 4 January 1877 the son of William Mason Baker^[1] and Elizabeth Yeomans Gimson.

At the time of the 1881 census Thomas was 4 and he and his family were living at 5 West Street in Leicester.

In 1891 Thomas was 14 at the time of the census. He was living with his family at 38 Market Place in Leicester.

On Thursday 30 June 1892 Thomas competed in the one mile safety bicycle handicap race at the Wyggeston Boys' School sports day at the County Cricket Ground, Aylestone-road. The day had been scheduled for 23 June, but had been postponed due to heavy rain on that morning. Reporting on the event the Leicester Chronicle and Leicestershire Mercury said that the weather was "somewhat dull" but that "in no degree affected the attendance, which was larger than upon any previous occasion".^[2]

On Thursday 28 June 1894 Thomas and his cousin Samuel Gimson Squire took part in the Wyggeston Boys's School Sports day. According to the report in the Leicester Chronicle and Leicestershire Mercury the weather was "gloriously fine". The event was attended by large numbers of friends and families of the boys at the school. Both Thomas and Samuel took part in the open half-mile handicap and Thomas competed in the 120 yards hurdle race, coming 2nd in the 1st heat, but falling in the final.^[3]

It was reported in The Standard on 8 December 1894 that, after competitive examination, Thomas had been recommended for an entrance Scholarship for mathematics at Christ's College, Cambridge.^[4]

In December 1894 Thomas was awarded an open Mathematical Scholarship of £60 a year at Christ's College, Cambridge.^[5]

On 29 June 1895 the Leicester Chronicle and Lecestershire Mercury reported on the Wyggeston School Sports held the previous day at the county cricket grounds. About 3000 parents and friends of the boys were present, the weather was "beautifully fine" and the Borough Police Band played a "number of good selections." Thomas competed in the open 120 yards hurdle race and came second, missing first place by three yards. The race was won in 17 4-5 seconds.^[6]

After being at Wyggeston School in Leicester, Thomas was admitted as a pensioner at Christ's College, Cambridge on 13 March 1895.^[1]

The Guardian reported on 30 June 1897 that Thomas's scholarship at Christ's had been prolonged for a further year.^[7]

Thomas was at Cambridge from the Michaelmas term of 1895 and graduated with a First in Mathematics in 1898 being 16th Wrangler.^[1]

There was a reoport in The Moring Post on 24 June 1898 that Thomas's mathematics scholarship of £60 at Christ's College had been continued for a year.^[8]

It was reported on 30 June 1899 in The London Gazette that Thomas was appointed a Naval Instructor on 19 June^[9] 1899.^[1]

Thomas was appointed as Naval Instructor to HMS Theseus on 19 November 1900.^[10]

Thomas was enumerated in the 1901 census as a Naval Instructor on board HMS Theseus, a 1st Class Cruiser, commanded by Captain Vernon A Tisdall, stationed at Malta in the Mediterranean.

In 1902 Thomas was a Naval Instructor on H.M.S. Theseus of the Mediterranean Squadron.^[11]

Thomas was serving with the Mediterranean Fleet in 1905.^[1]

On 3 September 1905 it was reported in The Observer that Thomas had been appointed the previous day at the Admiralty as a Naval Instructor to HMS President for duty at the Royal Naval College from 1 October 1905.^[12]

On 7 July 1906 Thomas married Eliza Winifred Windley in the Baptish Church, Victoria Road, Leicester.

In 1909 Thomas was a Naval Instructor in the Royal Navy and he was living at Holmleigh, Westcombe Park Road, Blackheath, Kent.^[13]

Westcombe Park Road was about a one mile walk from the Royal Naval College through Greenwich Park.^[14]

On 17 March 1910 it was reported in The Times that Thomas was going to speak at the Optical Society that day on "Optical Instruments for Naval Purposes".^[15]

On 11 February 1911 Charles Baker, Thomas's bachelor uncle, died. Thomas and his first cousin Sydney Hubert Bond were granted probate over Charles's estate on 27 April 1911 in Leicester. Thomas and Sydney used the services of Toller, Burges and Pochin of 2 Wycliffe-street, Leicester who on 19 May 1911 posted a notice in The London Gazette notifying all creditors that they had until 17 June 1911 to submit claims.^[16]

In 1911 Thomas and Eliza Winifred were living at Holmleigh, Westcome Park Road, Blackheath, London SE at the time of the census. Maude Rosanna Windley, single, an art teacher, Eliza Winifred's sister, was visiting them. They had a 19 year old servent called Florence Wright who was single and born in Greenwich, Kent.

Thomas and Eliza's first son, Philip Thomas Windley Baker was born on 16 October 1911 in Blackheath.

Their second son, John William Windley Baker was born in 1917 and the birth was registered in second quarter at Greenwich, London.

In 1917 Thomas was a Naval Instructor with the Royal Navy working in London and nominally appointed to service in HMS President. At this time he applied for the patent for the Baker Navigation Machine.^[17] An example of the Baker Navigation Machine is held by the Science Museum in London.^[18]

During the First World War, Thomas was an Instructor Commander.^[1]

On 25 January 1918 in London the King granted permission to wear the decoration bestowed by the French President of Chevalier, Légion d'Honneur to Naval Instructor Thomas Y Baker, B.A.^[1][19]

Between 1918^[20] and 1921^[21] while an Instructor-Commander in the Royal Navy and working at the Admiralty Compass Department also known as the Admiralty Compass Observatory,^[22] in Slough, Buckinghamshire,^[23] Thomas authored a number of papers^{[20][24][25][26][21]} with Major L N G Filon previously in the Royal Air Force and Professor of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics in the University of London.^[27]

Thomas was working at the Admiralty Compass Observatory in Slough, Buckinghamshire in 1918 and 1919. In 1918 he submitted a patent application for "Improvements in Sextants" with Henry Alexander Hughes, an Optician of 59 Fenchurch Street, London.^[28] In 1919 Thomas and Henry Alexander Hughes submitted a patent application for the same invention in the United States,^[29] and for more improvements in sextants in Britain. By this time, 9 October 1919, Thomas was an Instructor Commander in the Royal Navy.^[30] In 1920 Hughes and Baker submitted another Sextent patent application in the United States.^[31]

In 1918, while Thomas was a Naval Instructor at the Admiralty Compas Observatory in Slough, Buckinghamshire, he applied for a patent for improvements in or relating to sextants^[32]

By Order in Council of 8 November 1918 ranks in the Naval Instructor Branch were changed. Naval Instructors of 15 years' seniority were given the rank of Instructor Commander which included Thomas who had over 15 years' seniority.^[33]

In June 1919 Alcock and Brown made the first non-stop flight across the Atlantic.^[34] On their flight they used both the "the first real aeronautical sextant" designed by Thomas,^[35] and the Baker Navigation Machine.^[36]

In April 1920 Thomas invited many people from the optical instrument industry to a meeting of the Optical Society in Cambridge on 21 May. At that meeting Thomas outlined the then current method of lens design that required thousands of calculations which an expert could only do at the rate of six per hour. He suggested that an algebraic method was needed.^[37]

In June 1920 the Admiralty Compass Department's Experimental Optical Branch was moved to the Department of Scientific Research and Experiment at the National Physical Laboratory in Teddington. Until the new Admiralty Laboratory was ready it was housed in temporary quarters provided by the NPL Director. Thomas was in charge of the Experimental Optical Branch with 11 staff including Lt. Col. RA Benson of the War Office, 2 assistants, an optical computer, 2 draughtsmen, a clerk, 3 instrument makers and a lab boy. In addition there were plans to recruit another assistant and 2 extra instrument makers.^[37]

In the October 1920 Navy List, Thomas is listed as Instructor Commander and Superintendent of the Optical Branch of the Admiralty Compass Observaroty at Ditton Park, Slough, Buckinghamshire.^[38]

In 1923 Thomas was an Instructor-Commander in the Royal Navy and working at the Admiralty Research Laboratory in Teddington.^[39]

On 27 June 1923 Thomas received probate in Leicester for the estate of his mother Elizabeth Yeomans Baker of Craigside, Glenfield-road, Leicester, widow, who had died on 2 March 1923 at home.

Thomas attended a Board of Trade conference in January 1924. At the conference the need for optical glass in the event of war was discussed. It was decided to approach the Treadury for a scheme that Thomas proposed that would cost £30,000. In a long report on the 'Present Position of the Optical Instrument Industry' to his superiors, Thomas pointed out that optial instruments for the armed services were made by very few firms. These firms also manufactured for the civilian market but that market was almost dead. The firms were also suffering from foreign competition.^[37]

During 1925 Thomas provided more support to the British optics industry, attending, in a private capacity, a British Scientific Instrument Research Association meeting in February. He wrote to the Admiralty Director of Scientific Research about the meeeting and suggested the Admiralty let it be known that optical instruments for the armed services only have British glass because it is better. Then in May Thomas wrote a letter to The Times promoting British Optical Glass and suggested that 'the man in the street' should insist on it.^[37]

In a note dated 7 November 1926 Thomas compared British and German binoculars for night use concluding that some British binoculars are as good as any in the world.^[37]

In The London Gazette of 7 January 1927 it was announced that Instructor Commander T. Y. Baker, B.A. had been placed on the Retired List with the rank of Instructor Captain on 4 January 1927.^[40]

In the February 1927 issue of the Journal of Scientific Instruments Thomas had an article on "Surveying and nautical instruments",^[41] and in the same issue John Logie Baird had an article on "Television".^[42]

On 7 April 1927 Thomas again wrote a note on binoculars for night use prompted by a proposal to buy foreign. He stated that it was wrong to think that Germans possessed secrets to optical design. He also pointed out that German glasses were cheaper because German workers were paid half as much as British workers and also Zeiss cut prices for advertising purposes. Thomas wrote a further note comparing the specifications and prices of Zeiss (German) and Barr and Stroud, & Ross (British) night binoculars.^[37]

In 1927 and 1928 Thomas was a retired Royal Navy Instructor Captain working with Ralph Waldo Cheshire, a civil servant, at the Admiralty Research Laboratory in Teddington, Middlesex. In 1927 Baker and Cheshire submitted a British patent application for improvements in theodolites and other angel measuring instruments.^[43] By 1928 they had assigned the patent to Cooke, Troughton & Simms of York. It was this company which made a patent application in the United States for the same invention in 1928.^[44]

From 1927 to 1935 Thomas and Eliza were living at Fircroft, Burton's Road, Hampton Hill, Middlesex.

In a memorandum dated 6 December 1928 Thomas reported on trials of night binoculars making detailed comparisons and commenting on the design features that made some better than others. He concluded that models from Ross and from Barr and Stroud were best.^[37]

In August and September of 1929 Thomas had a written dialog with the Searchlight Committee of the Research and Experimental Board regarding night binoculars. Thomas sent a report by the National Physical Laboratory on tests undertaken on 11 pairs of binoculars, the best being one from Ross and two from Barr and Stroud. In October the Research and Experimental Board requested two of the binoculars, one from Ross & the other from Barr and Stroud for trials. In November the 1st A.A. Searchlight Battalion sent a memo to the H.Q. 1st Air Defence Brigade that the Ross was superior to any others tried out by the Battalion.^[37]

Thomas was appointed to the Imperial College Technical Optics Advisory Committee along with 10 others. The committee was established to advise on setting up optics courses and first met on 26 June 1931. Thomas was on the committe until he was replaced by another naval officer on 10 February 1936.^[37]

Thomas was living at Fircroft, Burton's Road, Hampton Hill, Middlesex in 1931 when he submitted a patent appliction for a means of overcoming centring errors in reading angles in instruments such as theodolites and sextants.^[45]

Thomas and Eliza are listed in the 1933 and 1934 electoral registers as living at Fircroft, Burton's Road, in the parish of Hampton. Their older son Philip is also listed as living at Fircroft in the 1933 register when he was 22 years old.

In late 1934 Thomas was a retired Civil Servant living at "Goldislie" on Hayling Island. It was at this time that he submitted a patent aplication for improvements in prismatic binoculars with John Frederick Sutton who was a civil servant working at the Admiralty Research Laboratory in Tedington.^[46] The improvement allowed a frame containing the prism system to be separated from the body.^[37]

In 1936 Captain Thomas Yeomans Baker RN was appointed to the Board of Ross of London as Scientific Adviser.^[37]

When Thomas applied for a patent with J. W. Hasselkus on 4 August 1939 he gave his address as Goldeslie, South Hayling, Hampshire. The patent appliction was for improvements in and relating to Range-Finders.^[47]

At the time of the 1939 register Thomas and Eliza were living at Paddock House, St. John's School, Linden Path, Leatherhead, Surrey. Thomas's occupation was listed as Director Ross Limited (Opticians) of 3 North Side Clapham Common; Instructor Captain RN retired. They were living with Eric E Chappell, schoolmaster, his wife Mary Elizabeth Chappell (born Baker, Thomas's neice) and their daughter.

Thomas was living a 11 Westernhay Road in Leicester in 1940 when he submitted a patent application for improvements in naval range finders. He made the application with John William Hasselkus who worked at The Optical Works, 3 North Side, Clapham Common in London SW4. The patent was not granted until after the end of the second world war in 1946.^[48]

In 1941 Thomas was working for Ross Ltd. at 3 North Side, Clapham Common when he, John William Hasselkus and Ross Ltd applied for a patent for improvements in or related to bubble sextants. Again the patent was not granted until after the end of the war in 1946.^[49]

By August 1941 Thomas had left the board of Ross of London.^[37]

Thomas's spinster sister Edit Rose Baker of 28 Goodwood-road, Leicester died on 23 December 1942 at Hill Crest, Swain-street in Leicester. Thomas was granted probate over his sisters estate on 24 January 1944 in Llandudno, where the Principal Probate Registry had been moved to during the war.

From 1954 till his death Thomas and Eliza were living at Crofton, St Catherines Road, Hayling Island, Hampshire.

Thomas died on 4 June 1960 at home.

Probate was granted at Winchester on 13 October 1960 to Eliza Winifred Baker and Philip Thomas Windley Baker.

Timelines

Residence

Rank

Work

Publications

• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1902) A Range Keeping Telescope. British Patent 190217209A, filed 5 August 1902, issued 27 November 1902.^[50]
• Baker, T Y (1909a) "Optical instruments for naval purposes," Transactions of the Optical Society, v11 n1 (19090101): 65-106; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/11/1/305^[51]
• Baker, Thos. Y (1909b) Sextant errors, pp32, London: J. Griffin and Co.^[52]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1909c) Improvements in and relating to Sextants. British Patent 190911852A, filed 19 May 1909, issued 22 Jul 1909.^[50]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1910) Improvements in Sextants. British Patent 190911851A, filed 19 May 1909, issued 24 February 1910.^[50]
• Baker, T Y, and Bryan, G B (1912) "Errors of observation," Proceedings of the Optical Convention, 1912^[53]
• Baker, T Y (1913) "The design of a sextant," Transactions of the Optical Society, v14 n1 (19130101): 86-100; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/14/1/309^[54]
• Baker, T Y (1918a) "Reflecting Prisms," Transactions of the Optical Society, v19 n4 (191802): 113-119; DOI:10.1088/1475-4878/19/4/301^[55]
• Baker, T Y (1918b) "The centering error of a sextant," Transactions of the Optical Society, v20 n1 (191810): 1-10; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/20/1/302^[56]
• Baker, T Y, and Filon, L N G (1918c) "The spherical aberrations of a thin lens," Transactions of the Optical Society, v20 n3 (191812): 58-66; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/20/3/302^[20]
• Baker, T Y, and Filon, L N Gn (1918d) "On an empirical formula for the longitudinal spherical aberrations in a thick lens," Transactions of the Optical Society, v20 n3 (191812): 67-92; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/20/3/303^[24] [h [h [h [h
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1918e) Navigation machine for determination of position from astronomical observations. British Patent 146545A, filed 31 July 1917, issued 9 August 1918.^[50]
• Baker, T Y (1919a) "Reflecting Prisms," Scientific American, v87 n2254supp (19190315): 172-173^[57]
• Baker, T Y (1919b) "The Baker air sextant," Transactions of the Optical Society, v20 n9 (191906): 340-342; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/20/9/304^[58]
• Baker, T Y (1919c) "An instrument for testing the accuracy of ball bearings," Transactions of the Optical Society, v20 n9 (191906): 343-344; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/20/9/305^[59]
• Baker, T Y (1919d) "On the correction of first order astigmatism of a single lens used with a stop," Transactions of the Optical Society, v21 n2 (191911): 65-75; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/21/2/302^[60]
• Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1919e) Improvements in Sextants. British Patent 132063A, filed 17 September 1918, issued 11 September 1919.^[50]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1919f) Improvements in or relating to Sextants. British Patent 123419A, filed 4 March 1918, issued 27 February 1919.^[50]
• Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1919g) Sextant. United States Patent 1337912A, filed 6 January 1919, issued 30 April 1920.^[50]
• Baker, Thos Y, and Filon, L N G (1920a) "Position fixing in aircraft during long distance flights over the sea," The Transactions of the Royal Aeronautical Society, v2 (192003): 2-24; DOI: 10.1017/S239818810000002X^[25]
• Baker, T Y, and Filon, L N G (1920b) "On a Theory of the Second Order Longitudinal Spherical Aberration for a Symmetrical Optical System," Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, v97 n683 (19200415): 196-198; DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1920.0025^[26]
• Baker, T Y (1920c) "The inverting prism," Transactions of the Optical Society, v21 n5 (192005): 217-218; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/21/5/305^[61]
• Baker, Thos Y (1920d) "A New Method for Approximate Evaluation of Definite Integrals between Finite Limits," Nature v105 n2642 (1920): 486; DOI: 10.1038/105486a0^[22]
• Baker, Thos Y (1920e) Letters to editor: "Concerning glass magnetogram-scales," Terrestrial Magnetism and Atmospheric Electricity, v25 n2 (192006): 64-64; DOI: 10.1029/TE025i002p00064^[23]
• Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1920f) Improvements in sextants. British Patent 146759A, filed 9 October 1919, issued 15 July 1920.^[50]
• Baker, T Y, and Filon, L N G (1921a) "On a Theory of the Second Order Longitudinal Spherical Aberration for a Symmetrical Optical System," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character, v221 (19210101): 29-71; DOI: 10.1098/rsta.1921.0002^[21]
• Baker, T Y (1921b) "Transmission of light through a pile of parallel plates," Transactions of the Optical Society, v22 n2 (192101): 88-90^[62]
• Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1921c) Sextant. United States Patent 1383950A, filed 27 April 1920, issued 5 July 1921.^[50]
• Baker, T Y (1922a) Letter: "Atmospheric Refraction," Nature, v109 n2726 (19220126): 105; DOI: 10.1038/109105a0 Author affiliation: Admiralty Research Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, January 7^[63]
• Baker, T Y (1922b) Letter: "Atmospheric Refraction," Nature, v109 n2739 (19220429): 550; DOI: 10.1038/109550a0 Author affiliation: Admiralty Research Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, April 6^[64]
• Baker, T Y (1923a) "Exhibit of a prismatic astrolabe," Transactions of the Optical Society, v24 n2 (192301): 110; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/2/312^[65]
• Instructor-Commander T Y Baker RN (1923b) "A note on Dr. Hartridge's paper on visual acuity," The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, v46 n274 (192310): 640-642; DOI: 10.1080/14786442308634291^[66]
• Baker, T Y (1923c) "The design of a prismatic astrolabe," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v1 n3 (192312): 65-74; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/1/3/301^[67]
• Baker, T Y (1925) "Optical instruments in the fighting services," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v2 n12 (192509): 380-381; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/2/12/302^[68]
• Baker, T Y (1926a) "Optical projection apparatus," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v3 n8 (192605): 263-264; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/3/8/410^[69]
• Baker, T Y (1926b) "Nautical and surveying instruments," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v3 n8 (192605): 265-267; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/3/8/411^[70]
• Baker, T Y (1926c) "An optical multiplier," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v3 n9 (192606): 322-323^[71]
• Baker, T Y (1927a) "Surveying and nautical instruments," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v4 n5 (192702): 157-160; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/4/5/408^[41]
• Instructor-Captain T.Y. Baker R.N. (ret.) (1927b) "On the refraction of electro-magnetic waves in a spherically stratified medium," The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, v4 n24 (192711): 955-980 DOI: 10.1080/14786441108564402^[72]
• Baker, T Y (1927c) "Semi-reflecting surfaces," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v4 n15 (192712): 491-492; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/4/15/407^[73]
• Baker, T Y (1927d) "The design of reflecting prisms," Transactions of the Optical Society, v29 n2 (192712): 49-70; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/29/2/301^[74]
• Baker, T Y (1928a) "Navigational and surveying instruments," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v5 n2 (192802): 72-74; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/5/2/409

  Descriptions of exhibits

  ^[75]
• Baker, T Y (1928b) "The errors of a reflecting prism," Transactions of the Optical Society, v29 n4 (192803): 187-193; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/29/4/304^[76]
• Baker, T Y (1928c) "The need for meeting practical requirements," Proceedings of the Physical Society, v41 n1 (192810): 327-332; DOI: 10.1088/0959-5309/41/1/341^[77]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans, and Cheshire, Ralph Waldo. (1928d) Improvements in theodolites and in other angle measuring instruments. British Patent 288416A, filed 26 February 1927, issued 12 April 1928.^[50]
• Baker, T Y (1929a) "Solid dipleidoscope prisms," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v6 n1 (192901): 16-18; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/6/1/304 Author affiliation: Admiralty Research Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex^[78]
• Baker, T Y (1929b) Correspondence: "Solid dipleidoscope prisms," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v6 n9 (192909): 303; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/6/9/109^[79]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans, and Cheshire, Ralph Waldo. (1930) Theodolite and other angle measuring instruments. United States Patent 1754872A, filed 16 February 1928, issued 15 April 1930.^[50]
• Baker, T Y (1931c) "The parallel plate micrometer," Transactions of the Optical Society, v33 n5 (19310101): 209-213; DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/33/5/303^[80]
• Baker, T Y (1931d) "The 45° Prismatic Astrolabe," The Geographical Journal, v77 n5 (19310501): 429-441; DOI: 10.2307/1783604^[81]
• Baker, T Y (1932) "British optical instruments," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v9 n8 (193208): 241-245; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/9/8/301^[82]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1933) Apparatus for reading a divided circle observations. British Patent 387776A, filed 7 November 1931, issued 16 February 1933.^[50]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1936) Improvements in prismatic binoculars. British Patent 449552A, filed 29 Dec 1934, issued 29 June 1936.^[50]
• Baker, T Y (1941) "Spherical aberration in optical systems," Proceedings of the Physical Society, v53 n5 (19410901): 531-537; DOI: 10.1088/0959-5309/53/5/304^[83]
• Baker, Thos Y (1942) "Square ruled paper projection," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v19 n7 (194207): 111-112; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/19/7/112^[84]
• Baker, T Y (1943) "Ray tracing through non-spherical surfaces," Proceedings of the Physical Society, v55 n5 (19430901): 361-364^[85]
• Baker, T Y (1944a) "Tracing skew rays through second-degree surfaces," Proceedings of the Physical Society, v56 n2 (19440301): 114-122; DOI: 10.1088/0959-5309/56/2/307^[86]
• Baker, T Y (1944b) "Recent progresss in scientific computing," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v21 n10 (194410): 188-188; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/21/10/114^[87]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans, and Hasselkus, John William. (1946a) "Improvements in and relating to Range-Finders," British Patent 579036A, filed 4 Aug 1939, issued 22 Jul 1946.^[37]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1946b) Improvements in naval range finders. British Patent 580804A, filed 6 December 1940, issued 20 Sep 1946.^[50]
• Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1946) Improvements in or relating to bubble sextants. British Patent 581722A, filed 31 January 1941, issued 23 October 1946.^[50]

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6} John Archibald Venn (1940) Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900, Part II, Vol. i. p129, Cambridge: The University Press.
2. ↑ "Wyggeston Boys' School Sports," Leicester Chronicle and Leicestershire Mercury (18920702): 8; accessed 30 October 2020.

   WYGGESTON BOYS' SCHOOL SPORTS.
   This annual athletic gathering, ... was held on Thursday at the County Cricket Ground, Aylestone-road. The sports were orgininally fixed for Thursday last, but so much rain fell during during the morning that it was wisely decided to postpone the contests, and to-day was eventually fixed upon for their decision. Somewhat dull weather, however, again prevailed to-day, but this in no degree affected the attendance, which was larger than upon any previous occasion, ...
   One Mile Safety Bicycle Handicap.--Two prizes.
   --Heat 1: G. D. Rogers, scratch, 1; W. H. Bailey, 100, 2; S. Sarson, 40, 0; T. Y. Baker, 80, 0; E. E. Beazaley, 90, 0; W. J. Hoskins, 130, 0. Won easily by twenty yeards. Time, 3 min, 43 secs.
   ...

3. ↑ "Wyggeston Boys' School Sports," Leicester Chronicle and Leicestershire Mercury (18940630): 5; accessed 30 October 2020.
4. ↑ "University Intelligence. Cambridge." The Standard (18941210): 6; accessed 30 October 2020.
5. ↑ "The Wyggeston School," Leicester hronicle and Leicestershire Mercury (18941215): 6; accessed 30 October 2020.

   The Wyggeston School - T. Y. Baker, a pupil at the Wyggeston School, has just gained the first open Mathematical Scholarship of £60 a year at Christ's College, Cambridge.

6. ↑ "Wyggeston School Sports," Leicester Chronicle and Leicestershire Mercury (18950629): 5; accessed 30 October 2020

   Wyggeston School Sports.
   The athletic sports in connection with this school have made such rapid stides since their initiation eight years ago that they are now acknowledged as on of the social functions of the year. This year proved no exception, the county cricket ground yesterday presenting quite a gay appearance. The weather was beautifully fine, a thunderstorm which threatened earlier in the day passing over, and the sun shone brilliantly at the time a start was made. Something like 3,000 parents and friends of the boys and others interested in the schools assembled on the ground, and the various events were watched with great interest. The Borough Police Band kindly gave their services, and rendered a number of good selections.
   120 Yards Hurdle Race (open).--F Sharpe 1, T. Y. Baker 2, C. H. Berry 3. won by three yards, in 17 4-5 secs.

7. ↑ "Cambridge," The Guardian (18970630): 11; accessed 30 October 2020.

   CAMBRIDGE.
   (From our Correspondent.)
   Scholarships, exhibitions, and prizes have been awarded at different colleges as under:--
   Christ's.--The tenure of the scholarships held by G. A. Purton, T. Y. Baker, and Ll. S. Lloyd was prolonged for one year.

8. ↑ "University Intelligence," The Morning Post (18980624): 6; accessed 30 October 2020.

   UNIVERSI5Y INTELLIGENCE
   CAMBRIDGE, Thursday.
   At Christ's College the following awards have been made : Third Year : For Mathematics : Ll. S. Lloyd, scholarship of £60 in place of one of $40 ; T. Y Baker, scholarship of £60, continued for one year. ...

9. ↑ "Admiralty, 29th June, 1899," The London Gazette, 30 June 1899, Issue: 27094 p. 4079; (https://www.thegazette.co.uk : accessed 28 October 2020).
10. ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence," The Morning Post (19001120): 5; accessed 30 October 2020

    NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.
    The following appointments were made at the Admiralty yesterday ; Chaplain Rev. J. H. S. Bailey, B.A., to the Empress of India, to date November 19. Naval Instr T. Y. Baker, B.A., to the Theseus, to date November 19.

11. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1902) A Range Keeping Telescope. British Patent 190217209A, filed 5 August 1902, issued 27 November 1902.

    I, Thomas Yeomans Baker., of H.M.S. "Theseus", Mediterranean Squadron, Naval Instructor, ... Baker's Range Keeping Telescope.

12. ↑ "Naval Appointments," The Observer (19050903): 6; accessed 30 October 2020.
13. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1909) Improvements in and relating to Sextants. British Patent 190911852A, filed 19 May 1909, issued 22 Jul 1909.

    I, Thomas Yeomans Baker, of Holmleigh, Westcombe Park Road, Blackheath, in the County of Kent, Naval Instructor R.N., ... Baker's Improvements in and relating to Sextants.

14. ↑ "Walking distance Old Royal Naval College to Westcome Park Road," Google Maps (https://google.com/maps/ : accessed 3 November 2020).
15. ↑ "To-Day's Arrangements," The Times (19100317): 13; accessed 30 October 2020.
16. ↑ "Charles Baker, Deceased," The London Gazette, 19 May 1911, Issue: 28496, p. 3855; image copy TheGazette.co.uk (https://www.thegazette.co.uk : accessed 29 October 2020).
17. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1918) Navigation machine for determination of position from astronomical observations. British Patent 146545A, filed 31 July 1917, issued 9 August 1918.</blockquote>I, Thomas Yeomans Baker, Naval Instructor, R.N., of H.M.S. "President," ...</blockquote>
18. ↑ Baker navigation machine, complete with chart, Science Museum Group Collection, collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk, Category: Navigation, Object: 1919-546, Credit: Air Ministry.
19. ↑ "Foreign Decorations," 25 January 1918, pp. 1229, 1230; image copies "TheGazette.co.uk" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk: accessed 14 Jun 2018).
20. ↑ ^{20.0 20.1 20.2} Reference to The spherical aberrations of a thin lens, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
21. ↑ ^{21.0 21.1 21.2} Reference to On a Theory of the Second Order Longitudinal Spherical Aberration ... (2), NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
22. ↑ ^{22.0 22.1} Reference to A New Method for Approximate Evaluation, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
23. ↑ ^{23.0 23.1} Reference to Concerning glass magnetogram-scales, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System

    Affiliations: Baker, Thos. Y. (Admiralty Compass Observatory, Slough, Bucks, February 25, 1920)

24. ↑ ^{24.0 24.1} Reference to On an empirical formula for the longitudinal ..., NASA’s Astrophysics Data System

    A formula of the type q = At₄'²/(1 + Bt₄'²) provides a rapid and practically accurate method of obtaining the longitudinal spherical aberration in a lens, without the use of the laborious trigonometrical calculations.

25. ↑ ^{25.0 25.1} E. W. Anderson and D. H. Sadler (1953) "The Genesis of the E.A.N.T.s," The Journal of Navigation, v6 n4 (195310): 333-357; DOI: 10.1017/S0373463300027806
26. ↑ ^{26.0 26.1} Reference to On a Theory of the Second Order Longitudinal Spherical Aberration ... (1), NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
27. ↑ Instructor-Commander T. Y. Baker, R.N. Admiralty Compas Department, and Major L. N. G. Filon, D.Sc., F.R.S., late R.A.F., Professor of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics in the University of London. (1920) "Position fixing in aircraft during long distance flights over the sea," Transactions of the Royal Aeronautical Society n2 (1920) edited by J. Laurence Pritchard; DOI: 10.1017/S2398188100000018
28. ↑ Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1919) Improvements in Sextants. British Patent 132063A, filed 17 September 1918, issued 11 September 1919.

    We, Henry Alexander Hughes, Optician, of 59, Fenchurch Street, in the City and County of London, E.C. 3, and Thomas Yeomans Baker, Naval Instructor, R.N., of Admiralty Compas Observatory, Slough, in the County of Buckingham, ...

29. ↑ Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1919) Sextant. United States Patent 1337912A, filed 6 January 1919, issued 30 April 1920.
30. ↑ Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1920) Improvements in sextants. British Patent 146759A, filed 9 October 1919, issued 15 July 1920.

    We, Henry Alexander Hughes, Optician, of 59, Fenchurch Street, in the City and County of London, E.C. 3, and Thomas Yeomans Baker, Instructor Commander, R.N., of Admiralty Compass Observatory, Slough, in the County of Buckinghamshire, ...

31. ↑ Hughes, Henry Alexander, and Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1921) Sextant. United States Patent 1383950A, filed 27 April 1920, issued 5 July 1921.
32. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1919) Improvements in or relating to Sextants. British Patent 123419A, filed 4 March 1918, issued 27 February 1919.

    I, Thomas Yeomans Baker, of the Admiralty Compas Observarory, Slough, Bucks, Naval Instructor, Royal Navy, ...

33. ↑ "Royal Navy Officer Ranks," DreadnoughtProject.org; (http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org/ : accessed 3 November 2020).
34. ↑ Capt. John Alcock and Lt. Arthur Whitten Brown, The Aviation History Online Museum, www.aviation-history.com
35. ↑ J E D Williams (1989) "Air Navigation Systems Chapter I. Astronomical Navigation in the Air 1919-1969," The Journal of Navigation v42 n1 (198901): 73-91; DOI: 10.1017/S0373463300015101
36. ↑ Graham Wallace (1955) "How Alcock a Brown flew the Atlantic Ocean," Maclean's (19550917): 30,31,80, archived on 2019-12-25
37. ↑ ^{37.00 37.01 37.02 37.03 37.04 37.05 37.06 37.07 37.08 37.09 37.10 37.11 37.12} Terence Wayland, "Ross of London, A Chronology," 25 January 2012, copy home.europa.com/~telscope/ (http://home.europa.com/~telscope/: accessed 23 Aril 2016). [ home.europa.com/~telscope/ is a mailing list archive that was maintained by Peter K Abrahams of Portland, Oregon (1955-2018), for background on this chronology see Ross of London history ]
38. ↑ By Authority, The Navy List, October 1920, pp 6 & 1826 (image copy "Archive.org" (https://archive.org: accessed 1 November 2020)
39. ↑ Instructor-Commander T Y Baker RN (1923) "A note on Dr. Hartridge's paper on visual acuity," The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, v46 n274 (192310): 640-642; DOI: 10.1080/14786442308634291
40. ↑ Admiralty (1927) "4th January, 1927 R.N.," The London Gazette vol33237 (19270107): 118
41. ↑ ^{41.0 41.1} Reference to Surveying and nautical instruments, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
42. ↑ J L Baird (1927) "Television," Journal of Scientific Instruments, v4 n5 (192702): 138-143; DOI: 10.1088/0950-7671/4/5/302 as referenced by NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
43. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans, and Cheshire, Ralph Waldo. (1928) Improvements in theodolites and in other angle measuring instruments. British Patent 288416A, filed 26 February 1927, issued 12 April 1928.

    We, Thomas Yeomans Baker, a retired Instructor Captain of His Majesty's Navy, and Ralph Waldo Cheshire, a Civil Servant, both of the Admiralty Research Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex ...

44. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans, and Cheshire, Ralph Waldo. (1930) Theodolite and other angle measuring instruments. United States Patent 1754872A, filed 16 February 1928, issued 15 April 1930.

    Thomas Yeomans Baker and Ralph Waldo Cheshire, of Teddington, England, assignors to Cooke, Troughton & Simms Limited, of York, England, a British Company
    Theodolite and other Angle Measuring Instruments

45. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1933) Apparatus for reading a divided circle observations. British Patent 387776A, filed 7 November 1931, issued 16 February 1933.

    I, Thomas Yeomans Baker, of Fircroft, Burton's Road, Hampton Hill, Middlesex, a retired Instructor Captain in His Majesty's Navy and a British Subject, ...

46. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1936) Improvements in prismatic binoculars. British Patent 449552A, filed 29 Dec 1934, issued 29 June 1936.

    We, Thomas Yeomans Baker, of "Goldislie," South Hayling, Hants, a retired Civil Servant, and John Frederick Sutton, Civil Servant, of the Admiralty Research Laboratory, Tedington, Middlesex, both British Subjects, ...

47. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans, and Hasselkus, John William. "Improvements in and relating to Range-Finders," British Patent 579036A, filed 4 Aug 1939, issued 22 Jul 1946.

    We, Thomas Yeomans Baker, Instructor-Captain, R.N. (Retired), a British Subject, of Goldieslie, South Hayling, Hampshire, and John William Hasselkus, a British Subject, of The Optical Works, 3, North Side, Clapham Common, London, S.W.4, ...

48. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1946) Improvements in naval range finders. British Patent 580804A, filed 6 December 1940, issued 20 Sep 1946.

    We, Thomas Yeomans Baker, Instructor-Captain, R.N. (Retired), a British subject, of 11, Westernhay Road, Leicester, in the County of Leicester, and John William Hasselkus, a British subject, of The Optical Works, 3, North Side, Clapahm Common, London, S.W,4, ...

49. ↑ Baker, Thomas Yeomans. (1946) Improvements in or relating to bubble sextants. British Patent 581722A, filed 31 January 1941, issued 23 October 1946.

    We, Thomas Yeomans Baker, Instructor-Captain, R.N., John William Hasselkus, both British subjects, and Ross Limited, a Company registered under the laws of Great Britain, all of 3, North Side, Clapahm Common, London, S.W,4, ...

50. ↑ ^{50.00 50.01 50.02 50.03 50.04 50.05 50.06 50.07 50.08 50.09 50.10 50.11 50.12 50.13 50.14} Patent search on Espacenet for thomas yeomans baker.
51. ↑ Reference to Optical instruments for naval purposes, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
52. ↑ C V B (1910) "Sextant Errors," Nature v82 (1910): 276–277; DOI: 10.1038/082276b0

    MR. BAKER has supplied a very excellent shillings worth for those who have occasion to use the sextant and wish to understand it properly.

53. ↑ J V Odom; R J Vasquez; T L Schwartz; J V Linberg (1989) "Adult vernier thresholds do not increase with age; vernier bias does," Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, v30 (198905): 1004-1008.
54. ↑ Reference to The design of a sextant, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
55. ↑ Reference to Reflecting Prisms, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
56. ↑ Reference to The centering error of a sextant, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
57. ↑ Reference to Reflecting Prisms, WorldCat
58. ↑ Reference to The Baker air sextant, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
59. ↑ Reference to An instrument for testing the accuracy of ball bearings, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
60. ↑ Reference to On the correction of first order astigmatism ..., NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
61. ↑ Reference to The inverting prism, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
62. ↑ AE Murray (1949) "Reflected Light and Ghosts in Optical Systems," Journal of the Optical Society of America v39 n1 (1949): 30-35; DOI: 10.1364/JOSA.39.000030
63. ↑ Reference to Atmospheric Refraction (1), NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
64. ↑ Reference to Atmospheric Refraction (2), NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
65. ↑ Reference to Exhibit of a prismatic astrolabe, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
66. ↑ Reference to A note on Dr. Hartridge's paper on visual acuity, WorldCat
67. ↑ Reference to The design of a prismatic astrolabe, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
68. ↑ Reference to Optical instruments in the fighting services, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
69. ↑ Reference to Optical projection apparatus, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
70. ↑ Reference to Nautical and surveying instruments, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
71. ↑ J Von Ernst Jänich - Jenaer Jahrbuch (1954) "zur Messung des Taumelfehlers von Vertikalachsen geodätischer Instrumente," Kommissionsverlag G. Fischer.
72. ↑ Jurgen R. Meyer-Arendt, Constantinos B. Emmanuel (1965) Optical Scintillation: A Survey of the Literature, Volume 13, U.S. Government Printing Office, p112 of 140pp.
73. ↑ Reference to Semi-reflecting surfaces, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
74. ↑ Jair Lúcio Prados Ribeiro (2018) "Bed Prism Spectacles," The Physics Teacher, v56 n1 (2018); DOI: 10.1119/1.5018681
75. ↑ Reference to Navigational and surveying instruments, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
76. ↑ Reference to The errors of a reflecting prism, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
77. ↑ Reference to The need for meeting practical requirements, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
78. ↑ Reference to Solid dipleidoscope prisms, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
79. ↑ Reference to Correspondence: Solid dipleidoscope prisms, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System

    Affiliations: Baker, T. Y. (Admiralty Research Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex)

80. ↑ Reference to The parallel plate micrometer, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
81. ↑ V V Michkovitch (1967) "A historical study on the prismatic astrolabe," Vistas in Astronomy, v9 (1967): 93-95; DOI: 10.1016/0083-6656(67)90016-5
82. ↑ Reference to British optical instruments, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
83. ↑ Reference to Spherical aberration in optical systems, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
84. ↑ Reference to Square ruled paper projection, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
85. ↑ Berthold Seitz MD, et. al. (2001) "Posterior corneal curvature changes after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis," Opthamology, v108 n4 (20010401) 666-672 DOI: 10.1016/S0161-6420(00)00581-9
86. ↑ Reference to Tracing skew rays through second-degree surfaces, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System
87. ↑ Reference to Recent progresss in scientific computing, NASA’s Astrophysics Data System

• "Family Tree," database, FamilySearch (http://familysearch.org : modified 24 October 2020, 12:29), entry for Thomas Yeomans Baker(PID https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/4:1:LZ51-RYF); contributed by various users.