Daniel Teige Carroll (abt. 1590 - bef. 1661)

Born about 1590 in Seirkieran, Offaly, Ireland. [uncertain]

Ancestors

Descendants

Died before 1661 before about age 71 in exiled, either Spain or France

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Biography

Daniel was a Roman Catholic

Daniel Carroll was born in Ireland.

Birth

Daniel was a member of a Gaelic Irish family, the Litterluna O'Carrolls, a branch of the O'Carroll clan of the medieval 'kingdom' of Eile in the Irish midlands. Daniel was born around 1590 in Sierkieran, County Offaly.

Ballymacadam Castle

In 1547, the English crown had tasked Sir Edward Bellingham with establishing English control of the Gaelic held midlands and to bring order to an area wracked by family feuds and hostility to outsiders. In 1548, one of Bellingham's commanders, Edmund Fahy took Ballymacadam Castle which this branch of the O'Carrolls had occupied since the 12th century. The O'Carrolls surrendered Ballymacadam after Fahy murdered their neighbours and brought their heads on spikes. The O'Carrolls took the castle back by force in 1550 and held it for several more decades.

The 9 years war

They resisted voluntarily surrendering to the English for longer than the branches of the O'Carroll clan at Birr Castle and Leap Castle who sought re-grants to protect them from rivals. The Litterluna O'Carrolls allied themselves with the earl of Tyrone during the 9 years war (1593 - 1603) rather than allying with their relatives and clansmen who sided with the English. However, they switched their allegiance when it was deemed necessary.

Surrender and Re-grant

Daniel's father, Donnell Tiege Oure O'Carroll capitulated and surrendered Ballymacadam, agreeing to English conditions for a re-grant of land at Sierkieran, 15 km away. This policy was known as "surrender and re-grant". ^[1]

Changing the name & other conditions

The Litterluna O'Carrolls were required to anglicize their name to Carroll by dropping the O'. They had to agree to refrain from rebellion against the English, to adopt English farming and building practices which meant planting and building in neat rows, and could only allow English tenants on their lands. English settlers were thereby 'planted' on Irish soil. Daniel was the first generation of O'Carrolls to become a Carroll. As was the custom, they continued to marry into other clans and families to create advantageous alliances and from this point began to develop links with wealthy and influential Anglo families, most notably the Dillon, Grace and Condon families.

Ballymooney Castle

In 1622, Daniel's father built Ballymooney "castle", (Baile an Mhéoinéin) on their new land at Sierkieran. It was a 4 storey fortified house and presumably replaced their surrendered castle at Litterluna. Daniel began to call himself Daniel Carroll of Kenechane and Ballymooney. By 1641 his father's initial property holdings had increased from around 640 acres to 1700 acres and Daniel took over (perhaps because his father died around this time).

Daniel Carroll of Ballymooney married Sarah O'Brien and had 3 sons, Teige Carroll, John Carroll and Anthony Carroll. He had 2 sons with his second wife, (name unknown) being Owen Carroll and Keane Carroll.

Irish Rebellion of 1641

Daniel initially resisted joining the Irish Rebellion of 1641 -1642 because of his royalist sympathies and his land agreements with the English. However, while he supported the triple monarchy of Scotland, England and Ireland, he opposed the anti-Catholic English parliament.

11 Year War

After the 1641 rebellion, Daniel joined the newly formed Confederate Army, focused on restoring Catholic rights. He opposed the English parliament through the remainder of the 11 year war and the Cromwellian era. He was promoted to Captain and then Lieutenant-Colonel and fought alongside his nephew Colonel Richard Grace. They supported the deposed Stuart royals and both men had a bounty placed on their heads by the English. ^[2].

It was not a winnable fight however and Daniel Carroll surrendered in June 1652 while his nephew Richard Grace surrendered 2 months later, being the last Irish commander to do so. Both men were convicted of treason and had most of their extensive properties confiscated by the English. Daniel was transplanted to County Mayo were he somehow ended up with 1100 acres of land. It is thought he and Richard Grace were subsequently exiled to Spain where Richard Grace continued to support the exiled royals and to serve Charles I in Spain and France.

Daniel's son Anthony Cian Carroll also left Ireland and went to Spain where he was killed fighting for the House of Stuart under the command of his cousin Colonel Richard Grace. His young sons were left in poverty.

Grace developed a close relationship with the deposed English royals and their heirs. After restoration of the crown, when James II ascended to the throne in 1660, Richard Grace was rewarded for his loyalty and that of his forces. In addition to having his confiscated lands restored and being given various grants, he appealed to King James II to return his uncle Daniel Carroll's properties, for the sake of Daniel's now fatherless and impoverished grandsons.

Daniel Carroll of Ballymooney's confiscated property was not restored to his descendants but much of it was distributed to Richard Grace. This included the 136 acre property at the township of Aghahurty. Grace made Daniel Carroll, the eldest grandson of Daniel Carroll of Ballymooney, the head tenant of Aghahurty. This gave the family a good living even though 136 acres was a lot less than the 1700 acres they had held before the 11 year war and Cromwell. Daniel's son Owen Carroll seems to have inherited some of his property at Kilmaine, that had somehow remained in the family. ^[3]

Richard Grace not only ensured that Daniel of Ballymooney's grandsons, the sons of Athony Cian Carroll were provided for, but extended his patronage to some of Daniel's great grandsons as well.

The eldest great grandson, Anthony of Lisheenboy, was helped to lease a farm, leaving it to his son when he died. Grace also helped another of Daniel's great grandsons, Charles Carroll, who he sent to France and England to study Law. Charles migrated to the colony of Maryland where he was made governor of Maryland by George Calvert, and was granted land there by the Crown, in compensation for what was taken from his family in Ireland. He also married well, twice, vastly increasing his wealth. He was known as Charles the Settler, and his grandson Charles Carroll of Carrollton, became the only Catholic signatory to the Declaration of Independence.

Some descendants of Daniel Carroll of Balleymooney became Protestants to make their lives easier and to become eligible to own land. Others remained Catholic with some living in poverty while others rose to professions although unable to re-acquire their lost land holdings. A number of his descendants migrated to the Chesapeake colonies of Maryland and Virginia and others eventually went to England. A descendant John Thomas Carroll restored the O' to his name and that of his sons in London in 1894, nearly 300 years after Daniel Carroll of Balleymooney had dropped it to comply with the requirement for land re-grant.

Sources

1. ↑ Princes of Ireland, Planters of Maryland, a Carroll Saga, 1500 - 1782, Ronald Hoffman, UNC Press, 2000
2. ↑ Princes of Ireland, Planters of Maryland, a Carroll Saga, 1500 - 1782, Ronald Hoffman, UNC Press, 2000, page 32
3. ↑ https://www.offalyhistory.com/reading-resources/archaeology/castle-sites-in-offaly

• Princes of Ireland, Planters of Maryland: A Carroll Saga, 1500-1782 By Ronald Hoffman, 2002, UNC Press, Pg 32
• http://www.colonial-settlers-md-va.us/getperson.php?personID=I019888&tree=Tree1
• Ireland, Slavery and Anti Slavery: 1612 - 1865 by N.Rogers https://books.google.com.au/books?id=mToWDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198&dq=Daniel+Carroll+of+Ballymooney&source=bl&ots=VgeWFaW-Ib&sig=patvloalKpEs0mzW7UOgtiYZcUc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwizu_v8qsPOAhWjApoKHcOkCYsQ6AEIODAG#v=onepage&q=Daniel%20Carroll%20of%20Ballymooney&f=false
• Crisp, Arthur, Visitations of Ireland, 1898
• Family tree and notes authored by Colin R O'Carroll, Johannesburg, 1997.
• http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mallorybrody/Eire/Ulster/OCarroll_Family_History.htm authored by Colin R O'Carroll, Johannesburg 1997 and put online by David S O'Carroll 1998.
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Carroll