Joachim Jacob David Schernikau was born about 1794 in Danzig, Pomerania, Prussia, the second eldest son of a large and prosperous family.
He married about 1824 to Juliane Frederike Wageler and by her had at least six children of his own.
The Schernikow family of Prussia became world-famous as producers of fine pastry goods and confections for the royal families of Europe. They opened pastry shops in Berlin, London, Vienna, St. Petersburg and New York.
Joachim Jacob died on 23 March 1861 after a long and prosperous life serving the family business.
His father Andreas Schernickow (1784 - 1852) deserves special mention. He started the family's large and prosperous bakery shop located at Salzwedel near the town of Schernikau.
The Schernikow family were bakers and pastry chefs by trade, and it is interesting to notice that in German the name means "browner" which is really just another way of saying "baker." The small town of Schernikau seems to have been named after them, and might be translated as "Bakersville."
Andreas employed his eldest sons and his nephews, the sons of Joachim Jacob Schernikau, as business partners.
Together they became rich and famous as suppliers of Kaiser Wilhelm I's Baumkuchen -- a traditional German "tree cake" that was enjoyed at the Prussian imperial palace each Christmas.
Within a few decades, between 1840 and 1860, their little bakery grew to become an international chain of bakeries with shops in Berlin, Vienna, St. Petersburg, London, Paris and New York.
Baumkuchen -- an extremely rich and multi-layered rum cake shaped like a tree log -- became wildly popular within the imperial courts of 19th Century Europe. When the cake was first introduced in 1841, the Kaiser's wealthy guests became instantly addicted, and jealous of the Kaiser's excellent pastry chefs.
See the Qwika English translation of the German Wikipedia article on Baumkuchen here:
http://wikipedia.qwika.com/de2en/Baumkuchen
This article gives the birth and death dates of Johann Christian Dietrich Andreas as 1784 - 1852. It identifies "Andreas Friedrich Schernikow (1815 - 1875)" as a son who took over the business in 1842.
A webpage providing a brief chronicle of the Erste Salzwedeler Baumkuchenfabrik (Old Salzwedeler Tree Caker Bakery) may be found here:
http://www.baumkuchen-salzwedel.de/Chronik.html
This chronology provides thumbnail sketches of the members of the Schernikow family who founded this world-famous pastry shop, including rare images from local history books.
The information given above has been corrected somewhat by the website for a local museum, the Salzwedeler Museen Altmarkkreis here:
The museum provides an excellent photo of "Joachim Friedrich Schernikow (1815-1875), purveyor and court confectioner, Owner of A. [ndreas] F. [riedrich] Schernikow."
Note that this caption and the following paragraphs strongly suggest that Johann Christian Dietrich Andreas Schernikow (1784 - 1852) and "Andreas Schernikow (1786 - 1852)" are one and the same person.
Andreas was apparently the preferred first-name of the bakery's founder, who is mistakenly called Johann Christian by the bakery's website.
Likewise Joachim Friedrich Schernikow and Friedrich Schernikow are one and the same person: Friedrich was the preferred first-name used by the nephew of Andreas who took over his uncle's business.
Thus the bakery is not named after a man called "Andreas Friedrich Schernikow" -- there is no such person on the genealogical record, and one will search in vain for such a man.
Rather, the bakery was originally called A & F Schernikow -- it was an uncle-nephew business. Here is the more accurate summary given by the museum:
"The name of the baker's family Schernikow is inextricably linked with the history of Salzwedel tree cake. Originally arising from Kalbe / Milde, the Baker family settled in the old town of Salzwedel in the 18th century. Over five generations, representatives of the Schernikow family were mentioned [in the records] as baker and then as pastry chef.
"Regarding the volume and importance of Baumkuchen production, there are very sparse records. The earliest date to the 1807 recipe book with the ingredients for a tree cake which goes back to Andreas Schernikow (1786-1852).
"His son Friedrich Schernikow (1815-1875) acquired as a promotional name the title of Hofkonditors [house suppliers to the royal family].
"The eventual successor of Andreas and Friedrich Schernikow led the surnames "AF Schernikow" forward as a brand name. As such, it is partly used up to the present day."
To recapitulate, then, the bakery was founded by Andreas Schernikow, whose full name was Johann Christian Dietrich Andreas von Czernichow (1784 - 1852). It was Andreas who first discovered and perfected the recipe for Tree Cake, but it was a local specialty at his bakery for many years.
The bakery and its secret recipes were then passed from father to son or from uncle to nephew in 1842. The bakery's website says that it was a nephew who took over, and the genealogical record supports this claim.
When Andreas had reached the age of 58, his nephews, who counted Friedrich among them, took over.
He was the real genius behind the business, and the one responsible for its meteoric rise in popularity. His first stroke of genius was to hire an expert pastry chef, a certain Mlle. Louise, who greatly improved the products.
He then renamed the bakery A.F. Schernikow, and began an aggressive marketing campaign. Friedrich got his lucky break in 1841, when he was hired to supply the pastries for Kaiser Wilhelm I at a meeting of Prussian officers.
The bakery went all out, providing its very best work, and the tree cake went over tremendously well. According to its online chronicle, AF Schernikow was hired on the spot as a supplier to the royal household.
When Andreas (Johann Christian) retired, he never expected to become a famous baker or pastry chef. On the contrary, the Schernikow family were fairly humble and better known as military men, churchmen and bookish scholars. In fact, Johann's father named him in honor of Johann Christian Dieterich (1722 –1800), who was the founder of the Dieterich’schen Verlagsbuchhandlung (publishing house) in Berlin.
Johann Christian Dietrich used to publish the Almanach de Gotha, one of the most greatly respected book series on German genealogy. Publication was later taken over in 1775 by C.W. Ettinger.
See the Wikipedia article on Johann Christian Dietrich here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Christian_Dieterich
It is very possible that the von Czernichow family intermarried with the Dietrich family of Berlin. Diderich von Czernichow certainly took his first name from Dietrich and his last name from the greater Barony of Czernichow in Polish Ukraine.
But the name Johann Christian Dietrich also seems to be a reference to a family hero: a Danish military officer who left Denmark to served the Prussian army in the 30 Years War. The brief story of Christian Dietrich von Czernichow and his adventures during the 30 years War (ca. 1645) may be found as a PDF here:
http://www.fzbg.ut.ee/7-2012/2012%20Summary/59_pdfsam_FzbG-7-2012.pdf
With regard to Johann Christian Dietrich von Zernichow (Czernichow), J.K. Huitfeldt notes in his book on the Czernichow family in Norway that Johann Christian stemmed from an important branch of the family that settled near Berlin, the greater region of Brandenburg and Saxe-Anhalt, Germany, in the 12th century.
In other words, the museum's website is off by a few centuries. The names Zernicke and Zernichow appears throughout the records of Thuringia and Saxony for many hundreds of years.
However, the small town of Schernikau in Saxe-Anhalt does date to the 18th century: it is named for Johann's family.
Schernikau is only a stone's throw from the small and quaint village of Salzwedel, the home of AF Schernikow's internationally famous chocolate and cake factory.
According to a local legend (reproduced at Eatglobe.com and the Baumkuchen fabrik website):
"The Salzwedel treecake -- or Baumkuchen -- has been made in northern Germany for more than 200 years, using the same technique and ingredients. in 1807, the confectioner Johann Andreas Schernikow created the recipe, whose method and formulation are still the basis of the cake.
"The dessert is baked over an open fire and the dough is applied with a ladle on a rotating spit, layer upon layer, which gives the cake's cut surface the appearance of tree rings. Regional variations of the tree cake exist in Luxembourg, Austria, Poland and Lithuania."
In fact, when Friedrich Schernikow, the son of Johann (Andreas) Schernikow, presented a huge and beautifully decorated version of this local tradition at a party held by Kaiser Wilhelm I, the cake was already a popular hit among the citizens of Salzwedel. The folks in Berlin had simply never tried a slice.
Because it was "authentic German cuisine" it became a smash hit, and the Kaiser, who wanted to promote national pride, immediately hired the oh-so-German Schernikow family as the Prussian Imperial family's pastry suppliers.
Indeed the Kaiser himself did much of the marketing for the Schernikow bakery by bragging that Prussia had some of the best pastry chefs in the world.
Baumkuchen "the King of cakes" became the pastry equivalent of the Atomic Bomb -- an exclusive and extremely secret recipe jealously guarded and greatly desired by all the pastry chefs at the royal courts of 19th centrury Europe. It was said to be based on a recipe with "ingredient X" discovered by Johann in 1806.
As the Faberge family became to Russian Easter eggs, so the Schernikow family bakery became to German treecakes: their highly exclusive Baumkuchen fabrik or Treecake factory in Salzwedel was soon hired by German princes and princesses all over Europe to provide the amazingly rich confections they remembered as children in Berlin.
Friedrich Schernikow thus launched a thriving and lucrative pastry business. By the end of the 1840s, the Schernikow family had opened stores in Luxembourg, St. Petersburg, Vienna, Danzig, Bucharest, and Lithuania.
The Schernikows soon offered many other tasty delicacies to supplement their famous tree cakes. Easter and Christmas were the occasions for unveiling new and amazing creations each year.
Unlike the Faberge family, however, the Schernikows had nothing left over to put on display at museums. Their treasures were highly edible and vanished very quickly -- they disappeared to the last crumb.
In 1993, says Eatglobe.com, the Salzwedel Baumkuchen PGI (an EU protected geographical location), re-opened its doors. As recently as 2014, it produced more than 85 tonnes of products, 27 tons during the Christmas season alone.
During the 19th century, production was nearly as great, and as a direct consequence the Schernikow family became very involved in the sugar market. It is no accident that one branch of the family, led by Julius Caesar von Czarnikow, launched a sugar trading firm with branches in London and New York.
Another group of cousins, led by Edward O. "Otto" Schernikow, moved to New York City and oversaw the production of sugar and cotton plantation machinery for many years,
This branch of the family became deeply involved in the sinister politics surrounding such sugar producing countries as Cuba and Salvador. Edward O. Schernikow's brother, Ernest Schernikow, became the U.S. consul to Nicaragua and Salvador in the early 1900s,
During the 1909 U.S. invasion of Nicaragua (led by William Walker, an ancestor of President George Herbert Walker Bush), the government of that country was practically run from offices in Wall Street. As an officer of the Hamilton Bank Note Engravin Co., Ernest Schernikow personally oversaw printing money for the new Nicaraguan regime, which remained under U.S. occupation until 1933.
The C. Czarnikow sugar firm of London still exists to this day, and it is now a major producer of such sugar byproducts as ethanol. See their website here:
http://www.czarnikow.com/about-czarnikow
Joachim Heinrich Jacob Shernickow is listed in the International Genealogical Index of the LDS church.
He is also mentioned in the birth record for his son, Franz Carl Ludwig Schaernikow
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Marriages, 1558-1929 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Marriages, 1558-1929. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Johann David Schoernick in the Germany, Lutheran Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1567-1945
Source Information Ancestry.com. Germany, Lutheran Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1567-1945 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2016.
Original data:
Mikrofilm Sammlung. Familysearch.org
Originale: Lutherische Kirchenbücher, 1567-1945. Various sources.
Description This collection consists of Lutheran Church records from regions included in the German Empire from 1567-1945.
Based on the date of baptism for their son, Franz Carl, minus nine months.
Mentioned in baptism record of son Franz Carl Schaernikow.
Source Information:
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Marriages, 1558-1929 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Marriages, 1558-1929. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description: This collection includes marriage records from Germany. Learn more...
FHL Film Number: 362918
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description
This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Based on christening record of daughter Friderike.
Mentioned in the Christening records of Friderike Mathilde Schernickow
Other information in the record of Friderike Mathilde Schernickow from Deutschland Geburten und Taufen
Citing this Record
"Deutschland Geburten und Taufen, 1558-1898," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N6NP-DVS : accessed 26 November 2015), Joachim Jacob Schernickow in entry for Friderike Mathilde Schernickow, 05 Aug 1827; citing ; FHL microfilm 70,164, 70,165.
Deutschland Geburten und Taufen, 1558-1898
System Origin Germany-ODM
GS Film Number 70164, 70165
Indexing Project (Batch) Number C99912-1
Mentioned in baptism records for second son:
Source Information: Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description:
This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany. Learn more...
Mentioned in baptism of second daughter.
Source Information Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Johann Schernick mentioned in the record of Carl August Schernick
Other information in the record of Carl August Schernick from Deutschland Geburten und Taufen
Citing this Record
"Deutschland Geburten und Taufen, 1558-1898," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NX9C-J2F : 28 November 2014), Johann Schernick in entry for Carl August Schernick, 19 Feb 1837; citing ; FHL microfilm 362,863, 362,864, 742,662, 742,663, 742,664.
Heinrich Benjamin Schornick in the Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898
Source Information Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014.
Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Heinrich Benjamin Schornick in the Germany, Lutheran Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1567-1945
Source Information Ancestry.com. Germany, Lutheran Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1567-1945 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2016.
Original data:
Mikrofilm Sammlung. Familysearch.org
Originale: Lutherische Kirchenbücher, 1567-1945. Various sources.
Description This collection consists of Lutheran Church records from regions included in the German Empire from 1567-1945.
Albert Theodor Schernick in the Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898
FHL Film Number: 742053
Source Information Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Gustav Emil Schernick in the Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898
FHL Film Number: 742053
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description
This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Louise Wilhelmine Schernick in the Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014.
Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Emma Ottilie Schernick in the Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898
FHL Film Number: 742666
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description
This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Otto Ferdinand Schernick in the Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898
FHL Film Number: 742666
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Laura Mathilde Schernick in the Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Description This collection includes birth and baptism records from Germany.
Joach. Heinrich Schernikau mentioned in the record of Friedrich August Schernikau and Marie Elisabeth Grafe:
Other information in the record of Friedrich August Schernikau and Marie Elisabeth Grafe: from Deutschland, Preußen, Brandenburg und Posen, Kirchenbuchduplikate 1794-1874
Citing this Record
"Deutschland, Preußen, Brandenburg und Posen, Kirchenbuchduplikate 1794-1874", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J4FS-Q5L : accessed 6 December 2015), Joach. Heinrich Schernikau in entry for Friedrich August Schernikau and Marie Elisabeth Grafe, 1858.
Source Reference rn 9
Deutschland, Preußen, Brandenburg und Posen, Kirchenbuchduplikate 1794-1874 Reference ID rn 9 GS Film Number 1334880 Digital Folder Number 004110365 Image Number 00579
Joachim Jacob Schernickow in the Germany, Select Deaths and Burials, 1582-1958 Record Image Index-only record
Source Information
Ancestry.com. Germany, Select Deaths and Burials, 1582-1958 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: Germany, Deaths and Burials, 1582-1958. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
Johann David Schoernick in the Germany, Lutheran Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1567-1945
Source Citation Custodian: Staatliche Archivverwaltung Der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik; Film Number: 362885; Page Number: 240;12
Source Information Ancestry.com. Germany, Lutheran Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1567-1945 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2016.
Original data:
Mikrofilm Sammlung. Familysearch.org
Originale: Lutherische Kirchenbücher, 1567-1945. Various sources.
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Categories: Danzig, Danzig, Westpreußen