1709 Palatine Migration to New York - Research Aids

Date: [unknown] [unknown]
Location: New York Colony
Surnames/tags: palatines palatine

1709 Palatine Migration to New York - Research Aids

Contents 1 Purpose 2 Definitions 3 Timeline 3.1 First group 3.2 Primary migration 3.3 Hudson Camps 3.4 Dispersal from Hudson Camps 4 Lists of Palatines 5 Sources

Purpose

This page is my personal notes to aid in researching people related specifically to the "1709 Palatine migration to New York".

It is open for anyone else to benefit from or add to.

Definitions

As used on this page:

Palatine - General term for the over 13,000 German-speaking people from the German southwest part of the western Holy Roman Empire who left their homes during the "Palatine Migrations" of the early 1700's seeking an opportunuity to migrate to America. Although only a portion of the migrants were actually from the Palatinate principalities (more were from other principalities), the term "Palatines" was used at the time for the entire group.

Germans - Innaccurate term of convenience to refer to German-speaking people from the various states in the western Holy Roman Empire.

Timeline

Unless otherwise noted, this information comes primarily from
Otterness, Philip. Becoming German: The 1709 Palatine Migration to New York, Cornell University Press, 2006.^[1]

First group

October 1708 - Joshua Kocherthal sets sail from England for America with 41 people from the German southwest, posing as "Palatine refugees from French attacks." They settled in New York. Travel and some subsistence was financed by the English Crown.^[2]

Late 1708 - Word of the initial migrants' success combined with rumours of further opportuity offered by Queen Anne of England spreads through the German southwest.

Primary migration

March 1709 - Migrants from the Palatinate principalities begin arriving outside of Rotterdam, seeking transportation to London.

28 April 1709 - A group of 852 immigrants from the Palatinate arrive in London, their transport from Rotterdam financed by charitable private groups. They temporarily congregate in St. Catherine's Parish.

May 1709 - The migration movement spreads beyond the Palatinate to other states of southwest Germany, and thousands more travel to Rotterdam.
These include people from near Herborn in the Westerwald region who migrate south to the Lahn, then west to the Rhine, and down to Rotterdam. It also includes people from Rengsdorf in the Wied River valley.^[3]

12 May 1709 - 1,283 more migrants are transported by the English Crown from Rotterdam on a fleet of vacant returning English troop ships.
23 May 1709 - They arrive in London, and are temporaily placed in Deptford, east of London.

May through mid-June 1709 - Two more convoys of troop ships ferry 4,700 more Germans from Rotterdam to London.

July 1709 - Two more convoys containing 4,200 Germans arrive in London.

August 1709 - English and Dutch governments attempt to stop the flow of migrants by various methods. Another thousand still make it to London by private means.

8 August 1709 - Ships carrying 2,971 Germans depart England for resetlement in Ireland.
4 & 7 September 1709 They arrive in Dublin.
14 October 1709 Another 100 Germans arrive in Dublin.
Eventually most would return to London within a year, with only 1,200 remaining permanently in Ireland.
(Also see Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores p. 302-303 at Archive.org)^[4]

Mid-September 1709 - Close to 2,200 Catholic Germans are shipped from England back to mainland Europe after refusing to convert to Protestantism.

Late October 1709 - Around 1,100 Protestant Germans arrived in London from Rotterdam as the last large group.

December 1709 - Around 3,000 Palatines are boarded on ships in London to sail to New York. However they will not leave the English coast for nearly another four months.

January 1710 - Six hundred other Germans depart England for resettlement in North Carolina, America. Over half perish during the voyage.^[5]

Mid-April 1710 - The New-York-bound convoy of ships finally set sail for America after spending around four months off the southern coast of England.

13 June 1710 - Lyon of Leith, the first ship of the New York fleet, arrives in New York carrying 330 Germans.^[6]
Others followed:
14 June 1710 - Fame arrives in New York.
14 June 1710 - Baltimore arrives in New York.
14 June 1710 - Tower Frigate arrives in New York.
16 June 1710 - Hartwell arrives in New York.
16 June 1710 - James & Elizabeth arrives in New York.
16 June 1710 - Mary arrives in New York.
24 June 1710 - Sarah arrives in New York.
July 1710 - The Medford arrives in New York.
August 1710 - The Berkeley Castle arrives in New York. It had been delayed by running aground in England.
The immigrants live in temporary lodging in New York.

1710-1711 - During this time a total of over 2,000 of the Germans remaining in England are sent back to Rotterdam. A few hundred remained permanently in England.

Hudson Camps

Sep-Nov 1710 - Most of the Germans are moved north to settlements on the Hudson to commence Governor Hunter's naval stores production project, the sick remaining in New York. Spring 1711 - Most of the remaining Germans move up from New York to the Hudson settlements.
East Camp: Haysbury, Queensbury, Annsbury, Hunterstown.
West Camp: Elizabethtown, Georgetown, Newtown.

Aug-Sep 1711 - 300 of the men volunteer and participate in a short-lived aborted military expedition.

Sep 1712 - The naval stores project is cancelled.

Dispersal from Hudson Camps

Thereafter the Germans began to disperse, some to local lands, other groups to more distant destinations...
Late 1712 - eary 1713 - About 500 of the Germans move from the camps to Schoharie, establishing seven villages there.
by 1714 - Thirty-five German families settle near Rhinebeck.
1715 - Another group settle near Kingston, become naturalized citizens. They later form a community in the Walkill River valley near Montgomery, NY.
1723 - Germans from Schoharie establish settlements farther east in Burnetsfield and Stone Arabia, NY
1723 - Sixteen families move from Schoharie, NY to Tulpehocken Creek, PA.
1724 - Germans at the Hudson Camps secure titel to lands there and establish "The Camp" (present-day Germantown)
1732 - Germans settle in Virginia's northern Shenendoah Valley

Other's eventually also settled in other areas such as:
- Near Hackensack, NJ
- Somerset County, NJ
- Philadelphia, PA

Lists of Palatines

• The Kocherthal Party - The 1708 Immigration to New York
  (Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores p. 243-244 at Archive.org)^[7]
• Transcription of ship lists Rotterdam to England 1709
  (at RootsWeb) and
  (Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores p. 248-274 at Archive.org)^[8])
• 6 May - 15 June 1709 Four censuses of migrants in the England conclaves by Lutheran pastors Ruperti and Tribbeko.
  (as Published in the New York Genealogical and Biographical Records (New York, 1909 and 1910), vol XL, 49-54, 93-100, 160-167; 241-248;, XLI, 10-19.)
  (as found in The Book of Names at Three Rivers)
• Lutheran Church in Savoy - Register of 38 German marriages in 1709 (at Ancestry.com)
• Deptford parish church - Register of several German marriages in 1709
• Roman Catholic Palatines Returned to Holland - 1709 and 1711
  (Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores p. 274-282 at Archive.org)^[9])
• Governor Hunter's Subsistence Lists
  (Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores p. 282-291 at Archive.org)^[10])
• The Simmendinger Register
  (also Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores p. 291-299 at Archive.org)^[11])
• Palatines who moved to the Tulpehocken Valley, PA
  (Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores p. 300-301 at Archive.org)^[12])

Sources

1. ↑ Otterness
2. ↑ Knittle, p. 243-244.
3. ↑ Otterness, p. 38.
4. ↑ Knittle, p. 302-303.
5. ↑ Knittle, p. 301-302.
6. ↑ Otterness, p. 78.
7. ↑ Knittle, p. 243-244.
8. ↑ Knittle, p. 248-274.
9. ↑ Knittle, p. 274-282.
10. ↑ Knittle, p. 282-291.
11. ↑ Knittle, p. 291-299.
12. ↑ Knittle, p. 300-301.

• Otterness, Philip. Becoming German: The 1709 Palatine Migration to New York, Cornell University Press, 2006. Google Books (includes previewable text)

• Knittle, Walter Allen, Early eighteenth century Palatine emigration; a British government redemptioner project to manufacture naval stores, Dorrance (Philadelphia, PA) 1937 (at Archive.org)