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Dakota (Includes Dakota, Nakota, Lakota)

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Dakota (aka The Great Sioux Nation)

The Bdewakantunwan (Mdewakanton), Wahpetunwan (Wahpeton), Wahpekute, and Sissitunwan (Sisseton) people form what is known as the Isanti (Santee), or eastern Dakota (a word that means ally). To the west, in present day South Dakota, are the Yanktonai and Yankton (who identify as both Dakota and Nakota) and the Teton (Lakota). Collectively today, these groups have tribal lands that cover areas from present day Minnesota, to South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, and into Canada. They form the Oceti Ŝakowiŋ (the Seven Council Fires, sometimes referred to erroneously as the Sioux).[1]

Includes:

I. Lakota, Teton, or Western Dakota
II. Nakota, Wiciyela, or Middle Dakota
III. Dakota, Santee, or Eastern Dakota

I. Lakota, Teton, or Western Dakota

The terms “Lakota” and “Sioux” are often used interchangeably to refer to the tribe of native peoples of the Dakotas, but which is preferred?[2]
The word nadouessioux was created by French traders and later adopted by the English as just sioux. It is said to come from the Ojibwe word natowessiwak meaning “little snakes”, as the Lakota were traditionally enemies of the Ojibwe. The words Lakota and Dakota, however, are translated to mean “friend” or “ally” and is what they called themselves. Many [not all] Lakota people today prefer to be called Lakota instead of Sioux, as Sioux was a disrespectful name given to them by their enemies.
There are seven bands of the Lakota tribe. In South Dakota, there are four Lakota reservations: Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Standing Rock, and Cheyenne River. Each of the reservations are home to a different branch of the Lakota people.

There are - of course - some groups who prefer Sioux over Lakota. It would be prudent to check with several members of each community to determine preference.

I.a. Oglala
I.b. Sicangu or Brule
I.c. Itazipco or Sans Arcs
I.d. Sihasapa
I.e. Minneconjou
I.f. Oohenonpa
I.g. Hunkpapa

II. Nakota, Wiciyela, or Middle Dakota

II.a. Yankton
II.b. Yanktonai
II.b.1. Upper
II.b.1.a Pa-haska or Pabaska
II.b.1.b. Can-ona or Wazi-kute
II.b.1.c. Takini
II.b.1.d. Sik-sicena
II.b.1.e. Bakikon
II.b.1.f. Kiyuksa
II.b.2. Lower
II.b.2.a. Pte-yute-cni or
II.b.2.b. Hunkpatina or People of the Pole or "Gens de Perche"
II.b.2.c. Pute-temini
II.b.2.d. Sun-ikceka
II.b.2.e. Taquka-yuta
II.b.2.f. San-ona
II.b.2.g. Iha-ca
II.b.2.h. Ite-xu

III. Dakota, Santee, or Eastern Dakota

III.a. Mdewakanton
III.b. Wahpekute
III.c. Sisseton
III.d. Wahpeton


Today's Dakota, Nakota, and Lakota

In Manitoba

From Indigenous Peoples of Manitoba, a guide for newcomers:[3]

Some say that Dakota means “friend” or “ally.” The Dakota are also called Sioux. This is not their own name. Rather it has become a term that refers to the people of the Seven Fireplaces, or Oceti Sakawin, which includes other groups. The Dakota prefer to be called Dakota....
There are only five Dakota communities in Manitoba. The Dakota have permanently lived in Canada since the mid 1860s, but they migrated in and out of the area long before that. The Dakota inhabited areas from Lake of the Woods to what is now southeast Saskatchewan. They settled in southern Manitoba and the North-West Territories (now Alberta and Saskatchewan).
  • Birdtail Sioux First Nation[4]
Birdtail Sioux First Nation is a member of the Dakota Ojibway Tribal Council.
Sioux Valley Dakota Nation (SVDN), which was once known as Oak River Reserve, was recognized as a Canadian Indian Reserve in 1875.

In Minnesota

Historically, before the U.S-Dakota War of 1862, the Dakota in Minnesota were comprised of four groups:[1]

  • Bdewakantunwan (Mdewakanton) Dakota
  • Wahpekute Dakota
  • Sissitunwan (Sisseton) Dakota
  • Wahpetunwan (Wahpeton) Dakota

All groups were expelled from Minnesota after the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862.[10]

On this day in history, March 3, 1863, Congress passed a law exiling the Dakota people from Minnesota, a law still in effect today.

Officially, it was called: 'An Act for the Removal of the Sisseton, Wahpaton, Medawakanton and Wahpakoota Bands of Sioux or Dakota Indians, and for the disposition of their Lands in Minnesota and Dakotas.'

Today, four federally-recognized Dakota communities exist in Minnesota.[11] "The four communities were reestablished in their current localities by acts of Congress in 1886. The four Dakota Communities today represent small segments of the original reservation that were restored to the Dakota by Acts of Congress or Proclamations of the Secretary of Interior."[12]

A Dakota community in Minnesota not federally recognized is the Mendota Mdewakanton Dakota Tribal Community.[17]

Due to expulsion, Eastern Dakota with ancestral ties to Minnesota may be connected to or members of communities outside of Minnesota, including:[1]

In Nebraska:
Santee Sioux Tribe[18]
In North Dakota:
Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate (Lake Traverse Reservation)[19]
Spirit Lake Nation[20]
In South Dakota:
Crow Creek Sioux Tribe[21]
Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe[22]
Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate (Lake Traverse Reservation)[19]

In Montana

In Nebraska

Division: Teton

In North Dakota

Division: Santee
Bands: Sisseton (Fish Dwellers), Wahpeton (Forest Dwellers)
Division: Teton, Yankton
Bands: Hunkpapa (Campers at the Horn) Siha Sapa (Blackfoot), Ihantonwanna (Little Dwellers at the End of the Village) Ihanktonwan (Dwellers at the End of the Village)

In South Dakota

Today, nine Dakota, Nakota, and Lakota reservations are located in South Dakota.[25]

Division: Teton
Bands: Mnicoujou (Planters by the Water), Oohenumpa (Two Kettle), Itazipco (Sans Arc or Without Bows) and Siha Sapa (Blackfoot)
Division: Santee, Yankton
Bands: Mdewakanton (People of Spirit Lake) and Ihanktonwan (Dwellers at the End of the Village)
Division: Santee
BANDS: Mdewakantonwan (People of Spirit Lake) and Wahpekute (Leaf Shooters)
Division: Teton
Bands: Sicangu (Burnt Thigh or Brule)
Division: Teton
Bands: Oglala (Scatter Their Own)
Division: Teton
Bands: Sicangu (Burnt Thigh or Brule)
Division: Santee
Bands: Sisseton (Fish Dwellers), Wahpeton (Forest Dwellers)
Division: Teton, Yankton
Bands: Hunkpapa (Campers at the Horn) Siha Sapa (Blackfoot), Ihantonwanna (Little Dwellers at the End of the Village) Ihanktonwan (Dwellers at the End of the Village)
Division:  Yankton
Bands: Ihanktonwan (Dwellers at the End of the Village)

Sources

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Minnesota Historical Society, Dakota People
  2. ↑ Black Hills Visitor, Lakota or Sioux?
  3. ↑ Indigenous Peoples of Manitoba, a guide for newcomers
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 US-Dakota War, Communities
  5. ↑ Dakota Plains Wahpeton First Nation
  6. ↑ Dakota Tipi First Nation
  7. ↑ Sioux Valley Dakota Nation
  8. ↑ US-Dakota War, Sioux Valley Dakota Nation
  9. ↑ Whitecap Dakota First Nation
  10. ↑ Healing Minnesota Stories
  11. ↑ Federal Register
  12. ↑ Minnesota Indian Affairs Council
  13. ↑ Lower Sioux Indian Community
  14. ↑ Prairie Island Indian Community
  15. ↑ Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community
  16. ↑ Oyate (Upper Sioux Community)
  17. ↑ Mendota Dakota
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Santee Sioux Tribe
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate (Lake Traverse Reservation)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Spirit Lake Nation
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Crow Creek Sioux Tribe
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Oglala Lakota Nation (Pine Ridge Reservation)
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Standing Rock Sioux Tribe
  25. ↑ South Dakota Reservations
  26. ↑ Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe
  27. ↑ Kul Wicasa Oyate/Lower Brule Sioux Tribe
  28. ↑ Sicangu Lakota Oyate/Rosebud Sioux Tribe
  29. ↑ Yankton Sioux Tribe




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Categories: Native American Genealogy Resources | Dakota | Nakota | Lakota | Hunkpapha | Yankton | Ontario First Nations | Spirit Lake Tribe | Bdewakantunwan (Mdewakanton) | Sioux Tribe, Cheyenne River | Oglala Lakota | Kaposia | Native American Tribes of Minnesota | Native American Tribes of Montana | Native American Tribes of Nebraska | Native American Tribes of North Dakota | Native American Tribes of South Dakota | Federally Recognized Native American Tribes of Minnesota