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Holocaust Death Marches

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This page is a workspace to describe the paths of different death marches, and decide how to create categories for them. "The largest death marches were launched from Auschwitz and Stutthof. "[1]

Contents

Overview

Is there a list of death marches? Not exactly, I don't think so. -Weatherall-96 01:33, 26 April 2024 (UTC) We can make one here.... the tricky part is where are the start and stop location, if people stayed at one location for a number of weeks? Things like that. Anyway, here we can record what we find:

From USHMM:

  • "Major evacuation operations moved prisoners out of Auschwitz, Stutthof, and Gross-Rosen westward to Buchenwald, Flossenbürg, Dachau, and Sachsenhausen in winter 1944-1945; from Buchenwald and Flossenbürg to Dachau and Mauthausen in spring 1945; and from Sachsenhausen and Neuengamme northwards to the Baltic Sea in the last weeks of the war." A map is also available at this cited link.[2]
  • "Tens of thousands of prisoners, mostly Jews, were forced to march either northwest for 55 kilometers (approximately 30 miles) to Gliwice (Gleiwitz), joined by prisoners from subcamps in East Upper Silesia, such as Bismarckhuette, Althammer, and Hindenburg, or due west for 63 kilometers (approximately 35 miles) to Wodzislaw (Loslau) in the western part of Upper Silesia, joined by inmates from the subcamps to the south of Auschwitz, such as Jawischowitz, Tschechowitz, and Golleschau."[3]
  • Auschwitz to Gliwice
  • subcamps in East Upper Silesia, such as Bismarckhuette, Althammer, and Hindenburg to Gliwice[3]
  • Auschwitz to Wodzislaw
  • subcamps to the south of Auschwitz, such as Jawischowitz, Tschechowitz, and Golleschau[3]
  • Stutthof to -
  • Groß-Rosen to -
  • Neungamme to Baltic Sea (ending in Bay of Lubeck disaster)
  • Chemnitz, Buchenwald, and the Mauthausen concentration camp (February to May 1945). from Simon Wisenthal's Wikipedia page.[4]
  • Dachau to Tegernsee. Departed Dachau April 26, 1945, arrived Tegernsee May 2, 1945. (cities in between: Allach, Krailling, Gauting, Leutstetten, Starnberg, Percha, Aufkirchen, Wolfratshausen, Beurberg, Koenigsdorf, Bad Toelz, Waakirchen, Gmund) p208[5]

Auschwitz

Profiles

Golleschau

An Auschwitz subcamp.

"In January 1945, the sub-camp was evacuated to Wodzisław Śląski, and from there to Sachsenhausen and Flossenbürg."[6]

Helmsbrechts

  • From photograph description, full route and history described; the beginning reads: "Helmsbrechts death march began in Gruenberg, a sub-camp of Gross Rosen in Lower Silesia. The prisoners of Gruenberg, consisting of 900 Jewish women of mixed nationality, were evacuated along with 900 other female prisoners from another Gross Rosen sub-camp known as Puerschkau (or Schlesiersee)."[7]
    • also see German Wikipedia, under Jewish prisoners section, for route & other info. [8]

Profiles

Will need new category:

Profiles with Death March route not specified

Story

Here is a story which shows the journey of Samuel Albohair (1916-1997). From "Famille Albohair in Cercle d'Etudes sur la Deportation et de la Shoah" [9] Bold emphasis added on some locations.

  • Jun 1944- Jan 1945: Auschwitz III / Monowitz/« Buna », d’IG Farben-Industrie destinée à fabriquer du caoutchouc synthétique. Il devient le déporté A-16542. Il donne comme profession fabricant de sac.
  • Le 18 janvier 1945, il fait partie des 250 à 300 déportés du convoi 76 évacués du camp de Monovitz. Il effectue la première marche de la mort..... jusqu’à la ville de Gleiwitz.
  • Le 20 ou le 21 janvier, 2451 déportés sont entassés dans des wagons à charbon....
  • Après six jours de transport, il arrive vivant avec 100 hommes du convoi 76 le 26 janvier 1945 au camp de Buchenwald. Il subit encore plusieurs évacuations entre le 5 et le 9 mars et en avril 1945 à la suite desquelles il passe par le camp de Natzweiler où il travaille dans le Kommando de Bisnigen, d’où il repart en avril pour le camp de Dachau où il est libéré."
    • Sa fiche médicale établie à son retour indique qu’il a perdu 12 kilos."

Sources

  1. ↑ https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/death-marches
  2. ↑ Death Marches https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/death-marches
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Death March from Auschwitz https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/timeline-event/holocaust/1942-1945/death-march-from-auschwitz
  4. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, 'Simon Wiesenthal', Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 16 March 2024, 19:52 UTC, <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simon_Wiesenthal&oldid=1214071032> [accessed 26 April 2024] Simon Wiesenthal
  5. ↑ Halevy, Yechiam. Historical Atlas of the Holocaust. p205-209 map.
  6. ↑ https://www.auschwitz.org/en/history/auschwitz-sub-camps/golleschau/
  7. ↑ USHMM Photograph Number: 24679 https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/pa1085969
  8. ↑ https://de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/KZ-Außenlager_Helmbrechts
  9. ↑ Convoi 76 > Liste et notices biographiques Famille ALBOHAIR dimanche 11 avril 2021. https://www.cercleshoah.org/spip.php?article912&lang=fr




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