John Nuthall (abt. 1620 - abt. 1667)

Born about 1620 in England

Ancestors

Husband of Elizabeth (Tyllye) Nuthall — married 1643 in Northampton, Virginia

Husband of Jane (Johnson) Nuthall — married 12 Sep 1660 in Hungars parish, Northampton, Virginia

Descendants

Died about Jul 1667 at about age 47 in St. Mary's, Maryland

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Biography

Birth c. 1620

No documentation with a primary source has been found to date that proves John's birth date, place or parentage. There are several hypotheses proposed by other researchers. Among them: son of James and Jane (Wiseman) Nuthall of Essex, born in London or the son of John Nuthall (1584 - Oct 1644 St. Andrew Undershaft London ^[1] and Mary Hyde of Cheshire ). Most seem to predicate their assumption that John was born in London because he was known as John Nuthall, Merchant of London, but of course he wasn't yet a merchant when he was born, so John may have been born elsewhere.

Both Doliante ^[2] and Miles, Moody at MilesFiles 21.0 http://espl-genealogy.org/MilesFiles/site/p1139.htm#i113843 do not specify his birth, likely because the proof isn't there to their satisfaction. Doliante does suggest that his family may have originated in ""Essex"" ^[3]

James Codd claimed that John of Cross Manor was the grandson of Margaret Taynter Nuthall Joslin. Codd, in his "Nuthall" report, lists Margaret _?_ Taynter Nuthall Joslin (d 1619) and her last husband Thomas Joslin of Rocheford County, Essex (d 1606). He writes that Margaret’s son James Nuthall, gentleman of Rocheford and Hockley, Essex (d 1637) wed Jane Wiseman (d 1622) and that their 7th son was John of Cross Manor. ^[4] However, the transcript of Margaret Joslin's will, dated 11 October 1619 although it mentions sons Charles and James with his son John and other various grandchildren, it does not mention anything about John Nuthall, the son of James which would prove he was the same as John Nuthall of Cross Manor. ^[5]

JC Marler, provided numerous sources to support John's birth in Cheshire and laid out the possible ancestry in detail of a John Nuthall. ^[6]

Curiously, both Codd and Marler state as part of their 'proof' of John's birth and ancestry is that the Nuthall and Stone families were associated in London and Northampton, Virginia. However, Governor William Stone was born in Northamptonshire, England.^[7] The Parish of Nuthall exists in Northamptonshire, England ^[8] so it may be that John Nuthall of Cross Manor is associated with the family for whom the parish was named. Unfortunately, the numerous Stone family references found online also claim alternate birth places, including London, for Governor Stone ^[9] and some of these have both Northamptonshire and London as his place of birth. ^[10] Additionally Northampton County, Virginia was named after Northamptonshire, England, so there may be something to John Nuthall's ancestors living there as did Gov. William Stone's.

Surname Variations

The surname is found with several spelling variations, Nuttwell, Nutwell, Nuttall, Nuttell over the years.

"(English) belonging to Nuthall (Notts: 13th cent. Nuthal) = the Nut (-Tree) Nook, or Slope [Old English hnutu + h(e)al(h, a nook, corner; h(e)al (for h(e)ald) = Old Norse hall-r, = Ger. halde, a slope] Cp. Nuttall." ^[11] There is a parish in Nottinghamshire as well as in Northamptonshire, England. ^[12] Also listed at forebears, "Nuttall was a common name in Rochdale parish in the 16th century (F.), and it still occurs there. There was a gentle family of the name at Newhall - hay, in Rossendale, in the 17th century: Robert Nuttall was the name of a Bury gentleman last century (it is still a Bury name), and of the owner of Hollins in Accrington in 1734: Nuttall is a place in the county, originally written Nuthalgh (nut - field), and often corrupted to Nutto and Nuthow in old charters (W. W.). ^[13]

In 1662, the surname was spelled NUTTWELL when John was a Juror in Maryland. Also that same year, "Ord. Mr. Elzy and Mr. Wright ordered to come to the Provincial Court to acquaint the Court with John Nutwalls business"^[14]

NUTWELL is used again in 1664 this time by John himself. "I, John Nutwell of St. Mary's Co., Province of Maryland planter ...sold 1 sorrill mare to Thos. Courtney of Calvert Co. " /s/ John Nuthall ^[15]

Nutwell is found even after John's death. John, the son, was listed as Nutwell on April 29 1700 in St. Mary's County, Maryland in which the court determined that John Nutwell's election was not valid ^[16] Also in 1700 John Nutwell was paid 20£ 8s 0p for attending the Assembly for 3 days and 6 days "Itt"^[17] The descendants of John (Sr.) continued the use of Nutwell as described in the following paragraph.

The “Nutwell” spelling in other Maryland records as early as 1668 continuing into the 18th Century and later. These records are primarily for John, the son of John the subject of this report, and descendants in St. Mary's,^[18] Kent, ^[19] Talbot (originally Charles)^[20] and Anne Arundel counties. The descendants in Anne Arundel County have been known as Nutwell since at least 1772.^[21]

The surname spelling of Nutwell has continued until the present day in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. In fact there is a cross-roads in Anne Arundel known as Nutwell. ^[22] For the past 300 years, some Nutwell or other was involved in southern Maryland local politics or civics. These days, it's George M. Nutwell Jr., of the family for whom the south county intersection-hamlet of Nutwell, and the byways Nutwell Sudley Road, Nutwell Road and Nutwell Court are named. Until the 1996 death of his father, George M. Nutwell Sr., who was register of wills from 1958 to 1978, he was father, son or cousin to four George Nutwells. "There's an awful lot of Nutwells around, and we are all related somehow. In our family, we went 40 years without a girl, so you can imagine the name carrying on," Nutwell said. Nobody's sure how many Nutwells descended from the Nuttwell clan that came to Virginia's Tidewater area in the 1630s. A family reunion nearly a generation ago brought 300 kin to the table, all of whom had lost the second "t" over the centuries. ^[23]

The progenitor of the Anne Arundel County, MD Nutwell family was Elias, great grandson of John (of this profile). Elias' father was likely Brent Nuthall-17 (1697-1759) whose father was John Nuthall-28 (1668-1714), whose father was John Nuthall-36 (1647-1714), he the son of John (of this profile). Elias married Sarah Sherbert (sometimes and possibly incorrectly spelled Shebutt) 5 Dec 1772 in St. James Parish Church, Lothian, Anne Arundel.^[24] Their son, James S. Nutwell was born in 1774 in Anne Arundel County and died February 15, 1828. ^[25] The Nutwell Family Cemetery is located on Old Maryland Route #2 and Nutwell Road, .9 of a mile North of the intersection of New Maryland Route #2 and Route #258. It is located on private property in a field, approximately .6 mile from the main entrance. James married Thomerson nee' Phipps. Their children were John, Susan, Mary, Sarah (may be the same as Susan) and George Washington. ^[26]

Education

No records of a formal education have been found. However, John had some degree of literacy as he signed many court documents with both his signature and a seal.^[27] He was an intelligent man as he learned a form of the Algonquin language spoken by the Native Americans along the Chesapeake Bay, he had a successful trade enterprise and he understood the law well enough to perform as an attorney {not all attorneys at this time had formal training}.

Immigration: between 1635 and 1644

John came to Virginia from England. Unfortunately, no ship's record has been found to ascertain the exact date.

A Run-Away?

Several researchers state that John Nutwell an indentured servant of Hugh Hayes ran away and lived with the Native Americans. However, Nugent only lists Hugh Hayes once, as being transported by William Stone by 4 June 1635 when Jones received 1,800 acres as headright on the point between Hungars Creek and Mattawoman Creek. Hayes was one of 34 servants. [Stone also transported his brother Andrew Stone, both related to Governor Stone.] ^[28] In a 1664 court deposition, speaking of the Pocomoke River, William Jones stated, John NUTWELL was a boy and servant to Hugh HAYS, and was run away from his said master, and this deponent gave a hoe to ye Indians for ye said NUTWELL, and brought him home again, well straped w'th ye hallyards. Soe farr this deponent maketh oath. /s/ Will. JONES Sworne in open court ye 18th of July, 1664" ^[29]

Hayes returned to England and died between 17 April 1637 and 12 May 1637 in Prestbury, Cheshire. ^[30] On 27 July 1645, John Nuthall obtained 300 acres in Northampton County (adjacent to what had been John Holloway's land) as his headright for transporting himself twice, his wife, Elizabeth (widow of John Holloway) and three others. Since it took some time for headrights to be granted after the transportation occurred, the window of time for John Nutwell AKA Nuthall to be an indentured servant to Hugh Hayes is minimal at best. Also, Nuthall claimed he transported himself twice, suggesting that he arrived before 1643/4, married Elizabeth during this time, returned to England and came back to Northampton. Nugent does not cite any transportation for John Nuthall prior to the 1645 headright. Furthermore Nugent does not list any Nutwell. However, Robert and Thomas Nuttall are contained in Nugent's book. Robert was transported by Thomas Hampton who received his land grant in 19 May 1637. ^[31] Thomas Nuttall arrived after John Nuthall. ^[32] There are no other possible spelling variations for Nuthall listed in Nugent.

For more information, please see The John Nutwell Run-Away Story Explored pdf in the Images section of this profile.

Residences

Accomack-Northampton Counties, Virginia

The eastern shore of Virginia comprises the southern tip of the Delmarva peninsula, which extends between the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. US Highway 13 runs lengthwise about 65 miles and connects to the Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel. It is primarily wooded with a gentle rolling landscape that flattens out along the two coasts. The coasts contain many inlets and shallow bays that abound with shellfish, fish, and wildlife. The lower third of the peninsula, which today comprises the land area of Northampton County, is a level landscape covered by forests of pine, cedar and holly woods broken by numerous tidal estuaries (creeks and inlets).

Early settlements sprang up around stores on the peninsula built at King's Creek and Old Plantation Creek and public tobacco warehouses at Cherrystone, Nassawadox, and Hungars. All of these facilities created major shipping points for direct over-sea trade. In 1641 the residents numbered about 700 people. Living during these times was much different than what the settlers knew in England sine any major infrastructures were lacking.

Both land and sea occupations dominated the economy. Trade prospered in the new county with corn, tobacco, and other crops, as well as cattle, animal skins and silver exchanged with the New England colonies and the native population. ^{[33] [34]} Because Accomack/Northampton counties were across the Chesapeake Bay from mainland Virginia, it was difficult to conduct business, etc. and many residents owned their own boats and ships. ^[35] In January 1641, the House of Burgesses in Jamestown enacted legislation to establish ferry services which were to be kept at public expense. However, in 1647 this Act was repealed and the local county courts were given the authority to establish these services as needed. ^[36] On 8 Mar 1641 it was ordered by the Virginia court that Capt. William Roper and Mr. John Rosier shall agree to operate the Ferry at Kings Creeke. ^[37]

John and Elizabeth lived on the southside and at the northeastern end of Hungars Creek, near Bridgetown, the oldest continuously inhabited village on the Eastern Shore. At first this area was known as Nassawadox (the Accawmack Native American tribe ^[38] word meaning a “stream between 2 streams" because Hungars Creek is located between the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. When a bridge was built over Hungars Creek the village became known as Bridgetown. This area was originally in Accomack County (Shire) which became Northampton County in 1642 and one of the original 8 shires of Virginia. ^[39] John's land totaled 300 acres. A certificate was filed for 250 acres of land for transporting Mr. John Nuthall, Elizabeth his wife, John Tolson (Towson) and John Evers (Evere) on 7 January 1644/45, according to currently unlocated MilesFiles http://espl-genealogy.org/MilesFiles/site/p1139.htm#i113843 that ciites Ames, Whitelaw and Nugent. This certificate was then submitted to the Land Office of the Virginia Colony in Jamestown, on 27 July 1645 a patent for 300 acres was granted for transporting himself “twice”, his wife, Elizabeth, Andrew Ditch, John Tolson and John Evers.^[40]

John's land is shown as N57 in the Eastern Shore of Virginia website. ^[41]

St. Mary's County, Maryland

On 9 August 1661 at the home of Thomas Tolson, "The White Horse" on Cateaton Street [now Gresham] in the Parish of St Lawrence Jury/Jewry in London, John purchased 3 properties totaling 4,200 acres for 1200£ from Captain Thomas Cornwallis and his wife Penelope while in England. CROSS MANOR and ST. ELIZABETH"S MANOR were estates of 2000 acres each. The remaining 200 acres of land lay on the north side of St. Inigoes Creek.[Note: the place of the deed transfer is interesting because that establishment had been owned by Thomas Stone, uncle of the Governor in the 1640's.] The purchase was on installment of 300£ annually with 6% interest and all payments due in 5 years. ^[42] This land transfer was acknowledged in the Maryland courts on 20 September 1662. It appears that in addition to the land purchased by John from Thomas Cornwallis that he also purchased "servants, goods, chattels, cattle and other things." ^[43]

Cross Manor is located at 47733 Cross Manor Road, Saint Inigoes, Maryland is located about 5 miles south of Historic St. Mary's City. One can visit by following MD Route 5 about 2.5 miles to Villa Road, turn right and after about 1 mile, turn right on Grayson Road until Cross Manor Road, turn left and the property is straight ahead

"Cross Manor in recent history was once owned by Ted Koppel, the TV news contributor. "Ted Koppel's Historic Home" A valuable part of history, Cross Manor was originally a King's Land Grant of 2,000 acres granted to Thomas Cornwallis in 1639. The land grant was bestowed upon Cornwallis by King Charles I as a reward for bringing the first two ships of Catholics to the New World. As with almost all of the original land grants, the land was divided and sold over the years. Cross Manor now rests on 110 acres along the shore of Saint Inigoes Creek. Many say the Cross Manor main house may be the oldest in Maryland. Current owner Ted Koppel writes about Cross Manor in his book "Off Camera" and says the main house "dates back to at least 1765, but believes the original building "was pillaged and set on fire by a pirate named Ingles." At one time a Civil War military facility stood on the property as well as commercial wharfs along the waterfront. The manor house consists of 3,032 square feet with four bedrooms and three baths with public rooms opening from a side hallway. Floors are the original wood as is the wall paneling. The home has been completely restored under the historic trusts guidelines. There are also two one-bedroom guest houses and other agricultural buildings on the property of historical value. The grounds have today's recreational features of swimming pool, lighted tennis courts and pier. Ted Koppel's Cross Manor historical Maryland estate, now offered for sale at $3.945 million." ^[44]

Cross Manor is currently (2021) for sale for $2,499,000 listed by Weichert Realty. The property situated on 110 acres, with 3000' of water front on St. Inigoes Creek & St. Mary's River now contains 6 beds, 5.1 baths with a total of 2989 square feet. ^[45]

Occupation: Trader, Merchant, Interpreter, Planter, Attorney, Commissioner, Justice

John was a licensed fur trader with the indigenous populations along the Chesapeake Bay ^[46] and served as Native American language (an Algonquin derivative) interpreter. He sold his beaver and other animal pelts (including muskrat, fox, deer and otter) to purveyors in London and New England. On 29 December 1664, John "acquits discharges and relases William Hollingworth of New England Merch. from all bills bonds accounts or executions whatever from the beginning of the world to this day" ^[47] Because his estate Inventory contained many items of various fabric it is likely that his business also included the purchase/sale/trade of cloth goods. [See Inventory below]

John served as an attorney for several people and was appointed to the role of Commissioner and Justice.^[27] Also, John grew tobacco^[48]

"An example of the changing relationship of people and the land can be seen in the rise and fall of the fur trade. The lucrative transatlantic trade, particularly in beaver pelts, involved Indians, colonial traders, and English entrepreneurs and played a significant role in the development of Chesapeake Bay colonies. The popularity in England of felt hats made of beaver fur spurred intense hunting throughout the Chesapeake region. The native people were more adept at hunting and trapping than the newcomers and acted as hunters and middlemen for European traders. Thus, Indians became connected to the consumer markets in England and Europe, and the growing profitability of the fur trade encouraged exploitation of the land and its people. ... By 1700, beavers had virtually disappeared from the Chesapeake watershed."^[49]

The beaver trade had been an important part of Virginia’s intercolonial trade with New England. Virginians traded Chesapeake tobacco, corn, beef, cattle, pork, and beaver skins for New England salt, wine, liquor, beer and fish. The beaver trade was lucrative and beaver skins, like tobacco, were used as a currency of exchange. Beaver skins were valued at 10 shillings per pound in 1634. The use of beaver as currency continued into the second half of the seventeenth century. See Kukla, “Order and Chaos,” 284-285, for information on the fur trade in early Virginia; and Martha Hiden, “The Money of Colonial Virginia,” The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 51 (January 1943), 37-38. Nuthall went to court on several occasions to collect debt for beaver skins: on Jan 1640/41, 5 ½# of “good merchantable beaver or the value thereof” from the estate of Nicholas Whit, and on Dec 1643 10# “Marchantable Beaver.” Ames, County Court Records, 1640-1645, 55. 315. He was owed 41 pounds beaver from the estate of Argoll Yeardley, recorded in November 1655. Mackey, NCODW vol. 3, 18. The clerk identified Nuthall as a merchant in 1650, and a “London Merchant” in 1658. At that time he was in London, readying himself for a trip back to Virginia. Nicholas Jackson and London draper Joseph Kenyon named John Nuthall as their attorney and deputy in Virginia. Mackey, NCODW vol. 3, 416; Howard Mackey and Marlene A Groves, eds., Northampton County Record Book 1657-1664 vol. 8, (Rockport, ME: Picton Press, 1999), 44, 63-64. ^[50]

Wealth

"Possession of land and wealth indicated that the landholder possessed the "skills, sagaciousness, trustworthiness and statue" needed for office holding. "Those without land were virtually excluded from public tasks. Those who achieved positions of vestrymen, justices, sheriffs, churchwardens, coroners and burgesses controlled an average of 8282 acres and left estates valued at an of average of L616.^[51]

Being a successful trader also contributed to John's status. "When landholding, business activity and political office were combined, they intensified the power of each and they magnified one's status in early Virginia [and likely Maryland]. These attributes were interconnected and dependent on one's reputation in the community."^[52]

Other factors, according to Ames that led to office-holding included age (maturity), experience, education and interest. ^[53]

John increased his status when he married the Widow Holloway, Elizabeth, as he gained control of the land left to Elizabeth by her first husband as well as her other property, and most likely the high status of Elizabeth as wife of John Holloway, the area physician. Their home was the central gathering point for the community at and surrounding Hungars Creek. ^[54]

Because of his status, he was known as a "Gentleman" and on 27 July 1653 was named as a county commissioner and served until April 1655. ^[55]

His status increased considerably when he purchased 4,200 acres in St. Mary's County, Maryland from Thomas Cornwallis.

Land

see Residences

Slaves/Servants

John owned at the time of his death 6 male slaves, 6 female slaves, 1 unknown slave and 1 male servant who possibly had served 5 years. The total value, or the value of the servant, was 81£ 4 pence 2 shillings. ^[56] Unfortunately, the only 2 names have been found: Peter and Jonathan Sneere in 1647. Sadly, John had a reputation for beating his servants. ^[57] [see Court Documents below] John's Inventory-Appraisal did not include his slaves or servants. [See Inventory below]

Religion

John worshiped at Hungars Church (originally Church of England and now Episcopalian) . Rev. William Cotton became it's first minister in 1632.^[58] On 14 September 1635, Rev. Cotton petitioned the court in James City for the building of a parsonage and appointed the first Vestry. The church was built between this time and May 1636 as extrapolated from the following: “At a vestry holden at Acchawmach this 20th day of May 1636, Having taken into account the remote living of the members of the Parish from the church, It is agreed that all such persons as live at the Old Plantation from the land of Mrs. Graves unto ……. The head of the old plantation creek that they shall cause bodies to be buried on one part of the land of Wm. Blower where Wm. Berryman liveth and likewise that they give notice unto the minister and provide convenient means for his coming there to bury the dead.” ^{[59] [60]} Prior to the church building, worship was conducted in the homes of members. It is now part of Hungars Cure Parish. ^[61] The current building is located about .2 miles east of the center of Bridgetown at 10107 Bayside Road. ^[62]

Family

Marriages

1. UNLIKLEY A John Nuthalll married Rebecca Bright in England in 1641. 10 Apr 1641 "John Nuthall, Gent. of Staples Inn, Bachelor, 23 & Rebecca Bright, of Leigh, co. Essex, Spinster, 20, her parents dead; at Rochford, Essex, or St. Mary, Whitechapel" ^[63] This is often attributed to the John of this profile. However, John of Accomack-Northampton and St. Mary's was already in Virginia in 1641, so it is unlikely that he is the same man. Additionally, this John Nuthall was staying at Staples Inn. Staples Inn was used for lodging by traveling wool merchants as well as a location used by the Courts of Chancery for the education and training of aspiring barristers.^[64] John Nuthall of of this biography was neither of these professions so it is unlikely that he is the same man. Note that the transcriber of the marriage record did not know where they were married with certainty. John Nuthall, a wool merchant, who was staying at Staples Inn may be a descendant of the Nuthall families of Essex. This record clearly seems not to be for John Nuthall of Northampton County, Virginia.

2. John married Elizabeth, the widow of John Holloway [Unknown-544525] in Northampton County, Virginia after 10 December 1643/4 (the birth of John Holloway and Elizabeth's daughter, Priscilla [Holloway-257] likely at Hungars Parish Church. If John Nuthall had married Elizabeth prior to Priscilla's birth, she would have been known as a Nuthall but records show her as Priscilla Holloway. ^[65] By 7 January 1644/45 Elizabeth was known as his wife whom he had transported and received a headright.<Nugent>

3. After Elizabeth died, John married Jane nee Larrimore, widow of John Major and Col. Thomas Johnson on 12 September 1660^{[66] [67] [68]} It appears that Jane did not go to Maryland with John. His Estate settlement was divided between his children and Jane continued to reside in Virginia, and had provision made for her in the will of her (step)son Richard Johnson on 20 November 1673.^[69]

Children with Elizabeth

Elizabeth and John had four children ^[70]:

John Nuthall Jr. Nuthall-36 born 1647^[71] and died 1714^[72]

Eleanor Nuthall Nuthall-1 born 1645 ^[73], married Thomas Sprigg (1630-1704) ^[74], died 1696 ^[75]

James Nuthall Nuthall-16 born about 1651^[76]

Elias Nuthall Nuthall-83 born about 1653^[77] Elias became an indentured servant in Virginia^[78] in Virginia.^[79] If Elizabeth his mother had recently died, John likely felt ill-equipped to raise a very young child on his own. It was not unusual for fathers in similar situations during this time in the Colonies to employ this practice. One example occurred with John, Philip and Susannah the children of William Cecil (c. 16665-1749) who were given to Mareen Duvall to raise.^[80] If the indenture began later in [Elias's] life, it could have been because he wanted to learn a skill.

Court Proceedings

Doliante^[81] lists nearly 100 court records for John. The earliest dated 11 January 1640/41 when John or his assignee was to be paid 5.5 pounds of saleable tobacco or its equivalent in cash from the estate of Nicholas White, deceased. The last is dated 6 December 1671 when his estate is mentioned in a court petition presented by John and James, his sons. They requested that they pay for their brother Elias's freedom from servitude by buying Elizabeth Bradshaw, also a servant and trading her for Elias and that they will give more tobacco for his freedom.

Records between these two dates include various documents including administration of the estate of his wife, Elizabeth's deceased first husband, John Holloway; jury duty; appointment as Commissioner (Justice of the Peace); license to trade with the Native Americans; representation as an attorney for several people, permission to travel to England, and many others.

One of the most unusual is a recording of John requesting 7,000 pounds of tobacco for his "entertaining" [sheltering and feeding] 22 Piscataway, Mattawoman and other southern Maryland Native Americans who were camped on his property for a week in April 1666 during the ongoing treaty negotiations. The Maryland Governor, his council and the Upper Court as well as the Lower Court did not agree with John's valuation of the cost and only paid him 2,000 pounds of tobacco.

Also of note, in 1647 John was accused of murdering a servant. "When a servant of John Nuthall’s died under mysterious circumstances, the commissioners convened at a special court held at Argoll Yeardley’s house on 8 Sept 1647 to inquire into the death. After recording several witness depositions into the county record, the commissioners referred the case to the General Court in James City. The depositions, mostly of Nuthall servants, cast suspicion for the death upon a “Peter a Negro,” but also accused John Nuthall of being abusive towards his dependents. Because of his servants’ testimony, Nuthall requested that the commissioners give him a certificate that confirmed during his time in the county, he had “demeaned & behaved himself very orderly, quietly, and discreetlye." ^[82] Also, another reason for requesting a letter of good character, was that his trial was to be held in Jamestown, Virginia, located across the Chesapeake Bay and his case would not be heard by anyone who knew him. He requested and received a letter of good behavior from the Northampton magistrates, which evidently assisted in his acquittal.^[83]

Political Involvement

While living in Northampton County, Virginia, John [listed as Jno.] along with Stephen Charlton, Llevyne [Living?] Denwood, William Whittington, John Ellis & Stephen Horsey wrote the Northampton Protest and on 30 March 1652 presented it to the Virginia Assembly. ^[84]This document is often cited as the first of its kind predating the Stamp Act Congress of 1765 by over 100 years as it was a remonstrance against county taxation without adequate representation in the Virginia General Assembly and also a petition for the redress of various grievances.^[85]

On 25 March 1651 in Northampton County, VA John took the Oath of Allegiance stating [I] hereby engage and promise to be true and faithful to the Commonwealth of England as it is now established without King or House of Lords ^[86]

Last Will and Testament

John did not write a will, which is surprising considering his experience with the law.

Death and Burial

John died before 10 October 1667 when on this date a warrant was issued to Daniel Clocker Clocker-2 and Thomas Innis, to appraise the estate of John Nuthall dec'd, and Daniel Jenifer, Gent., was appointed administrator. ^[87]

He likely died at his home Cross Manor in St. Mary's County, Maryland. ^[88] The cause of his death is not known but he may have contracted one of the many diseases like malaria inherent in the area at the time. ^[89] His final resting place is likely on the property of Cross Manor.

Estate Settlement

On 13 Feb 1668 Daniel Jenifer previously named administrator on 10 October 1667 was ordered to give an account of the estate by the next Court and that he deliver the ban and the administration so that administration can be revoked and another appointed that the "Court shall then think fit." ^[90]

On 1 July 1668, Daniel Jennifer complies and Thomas Sprigg who married Eleanor Nuthall, daughter of John, receives the duties of administrator, with John Nuthall, Jr. and Nicholas Young. ^[91]

4 July 1668 Thomas Innis and Daniell Clocker appraisers, claim 200,000 lbs. of tobacco ^[92] Att a Councell held att Mattapenny the first of Sept 1668 Prsent Charles Caluert Esqr Gouernor, Jerome White, Philip Caluert Esqr Chancellor Baker Brook Esqrs Councellors Coll: Wm Euans Vpon request made by John Nuthall Thomas Sprigg & Nico Young the Admrs of John Nuthall late of the Cross mannor genl decd was taken into Consideracon the distributing of Estate Personall of the said decd Ordred that the same be diuided equally amongst the three Children (uizt) John James and Elioner Nuthall now wife to the aforesaid Thomas Sprigg, and that Security be giuen by each prson that what debts or Claimes soeuer shall be Justly made by any person out and from the said Estate hereafter shall be sattisfyed out of each persons part or porcon soe allotted them— Further Ordered that on munday next the said prsonall Estate be gott and brought together that a ueiw may be made thereof and equally diuided as aforesaid— ^[93]

Inventory 3 July 1668

According to Carr, the appraisal of John's Estate was tabulated at a TEV (total estate value) of £396 4s 1d with debt of £88 8s 6d and balance of £346 8s 6d. He owned 6 male slaves, 6 female slaves, 1 unknown slave and 1 male servant. ^[94] [Until 1971, British money was divided up into pounds, shillings and pence. One pound was divided into 20 shillings. One shilling was divided into 12 pence.] However this may be underestimated and does not include the value of his 4,200 acres or his slaves and servants.

Doliante transcribed the Inventory - Appraisal which includes several insights into John's life. A few interesting listings: a gun broken by John during Lent, Mrs. Clocker prepared him for burial ("Laying him forth"), Daniel Clocker for "coffing and paleing" [Coffing refers to either building his coffin and/or laying him in it and paleing refers to something like a shroud that surrounded the body in the coffin.^{[95] [96]}] and possibly John's doctor's bills "paid ye executor of Will Champe for phisick" and Dr. Hough for phisick and attendance ^[97] Many items for different varieties of tobacco were listed. Also, as listed above in Occupation, several hides/skins of a variety of animals and numerous yards of different types of fabrics are entered.

Also it appears that many items originally owned by John were in the possession of his children seven years later, as such things as books, clothing, eating and cooking utensils, etc. were not included.

Previous Notes

The following was posted to a profile that was merged into this one

From "Genealogical Correspondence of David Armstrong," at http://pages.swcp.com/~dhickman/notes/gennotes.html:

The settlement of his estate proves that Eleanor (Nuthall) Sprigg was his daughter. John Steele Gordon writes: John Nuthall settled in Northampton County, Virginia, by 1630 while still very young. He was apprenticed but ran away from his master and lived with the Indians. However, the Indians sold him back to his master for a hoe and he was "well strapped" on his return. He became a highly successful merchant and justice of Northampton County. He signed the Submission of Northampton County to Parliament in 1651 and was one of the six signers of the Northampton Remonstrance that has been called the first American protest against taxation without representation in 1652. He moved to St. Mary's County, Maryland, in 1661 where he held more than 4200 acres. He traded with the Indians and with England, crossing the Atlantic frequently. He apparently maintained a residence in London as he was often referred to as John Nuthall of London. Hugh Hayes is known to have had a servant boy in the 1630s called John "Nutwell" in a deposition. (See Doliante). The boy escaped for a time to the Indian villages on the Potomac. This deposition was made thirty years after the fact, and while there is no way to say for certain that this refers to John Nuthall, it is known that Nuthall was an associate of the Stone family early, was an Indian trader in Maryland early, was occasionally called "Nutwell" in other sources, and that his son was a servant showing that the family was not of so high a station in life as to be above indentured servitude. So while it is not provable, it is certainly not out of the question that this John "Nutwell" who was a servant of Hayes was our John Nuthall as a youth.

This Nuthall is known in the 1640s to have had a father, mother, and sister in London. Or at least known to a man in London. But the Merchant class of London were coming from EVERYWHERE, and in fact, if one's ancestor was a merchant at London there is a better than average chance that the family had not lived in London for more than a few years. It has been published in a couple of sources that our John Nuthall's father was another John Nuthall, and a power of attorney in 1658 in St Andrew Holborn parish in London may bear that out. It refers to "John Nuthall of London, Merchant", and since our Nuthall had been a resident of Virginia for many years at that time this may refer to ANOTHER John Nuthall and may be evidence of the father at London.

Our John Nuthall signed a deed at "The White Horse" on Cateaton Street in the Parish of St Lawrence Jewry in London in 1661, and this is interesting because that establishment had been owned by Thomas Stone, uncle of the Governor in the 1640's. So here is yet another hypothetical connection between Nuthall and the Stones. This with the possible presence of Nuthall with Hugh Hayes mentioned above, makes me suspect that he could have been from up in Cheshire, and in fact, there is a Nuthall family there (in the area where Hugh Hayes lived) at the right time. In fact, the Parish register of St Mary's, Stockport, Cheshire, shows a baptism for a John Nuthall, son of John Nuthall, in 1619 [PM note: 1614]. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THIS IS OUR JOHN. There was a branch of the Nuthalls in Cheshire who married into a titled family and has a pedigree going back to the 1300s, and these may be relatives although I think our branch will turn out to be common folks and they probably will not be found among the gentry or titled classes. A friend is going to check some Cheshire sources and get back to me. Your comments are welcome. David Armstrong, 201 Graham St, Elkins WV, 26241

See Also

[as listed in earlier versions of this profile]

• Source: S-217224529 Repository: #R-1077657631 Title: Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s Author: Gale Research Publication: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2006.Original data - Filby, P. William, ed.. Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s. Farmington Hills, MI, USA: Gale Research, 2006.Original data: Filby, P. William, ed.. Passe Note: APID: 7486::0

• http://www.combs-families.org/combs/records/md/princegeorges/, Combs &c. Families of Prince George's County, Maryland; Last updated Friday, 15-Apr-2005 04:14:53 CDT

• Myles/Zook/Huddleston/McCracken Family Trees; Entries: 9781 Updated: Thu Jun 15 10:10:59 2000 Contact: Kathy Davis

• 13 Aug 05, Google Advanced Search: http://www.ronulrich.com/rfuged/fam07566.htm

• FTM, Colonial Families of Maryland, The Nuthall Family, p. 165-7 (extracts from): Born in England c. 1618

• https://www.geni.com/people/John-Nuthall-of-Cross-Manor/6000000008248491787

Sources

1. ↑ Church of England Parish Registers, 1538-1812. London, England: London Metropolitan Archives
2. ↑ Doliante, Sharon J. Maryland and Virginia Colonials: Genealogies of Some Colonial Families : Families of Bacon, Beall, Beasley, Cheney, Duckett, Dunbar, Ellyson, Elmore, Graves, Heydon, Howard, Jacob, Morris, Nuthall, Odell, Peerce, Reeder, Ridgley, Prather, Sprigg, Wesson, Williams, and Collateral Kin; Genealogical Publishing Com, 1991
3. ↑ Doliante, Vol. 1, p. 411
4. ↑ Codd, James Edward Jr. http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~codd/genealogy/nuthall9.14.pdf Has bibliography but not linked to text as footnotes
5. ↑ The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, 1917, Vol LXXI; Genealogical Research in England, p. 28. Available on Google Books as cited in Russell Kirkland Ramsey Hundley tree https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/32234411/person/410076437705/facts This tree does not provide the actual link between this family and John of Cross Manor
6. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20070207044525/http://gennotes.150m.com/nuthall.html
7. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Stone_(Maryland_governor)#cite_ref-CDAB_1-0
8. ↑ Nuthall, Northamptonshire, England https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/NTT/Nuthall
9. ↑ Papenfuse, Edward C., et al. A Biographical Dictionary of the Maryland Legislature, 1635-1789, 2 vols. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979.
10. ↑ Hennessee Family Tree http://thehennesseefamily.com/getperson.php?personID=I27588&tree=hennessee
11. ↑ Surnames of the United Kingdom (1912) by Henry Harrison as cited in https://forebears.io/surnames/nuthall
12. ↑ Patronymica Britannica (1860) by Mark Antony Lower as cited in https://forebears.io/surnames/nuthall
13. ↑ Homes of Family Names in Great Britain (1890) by Henry Brougham Guppy as cited in https://forebears.io/surnames/nuttall
14. ↑ Doliante p. 423
15. ↑ Doliante p. 425
16. ↑ Proceedings and Acts: Jan. 1637-, Volume 24 By Maryland General Assembly; p. 44 https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=gec5AQAAMAAJ&rdid=book-gec5AQAAMAAJ&rdot=1
17. ↑ Proceedings and Acts, p. 112
18. ↑ Proceedings and Acts: Jan. 1637-, Volume 24
19. ↑ Doliante, p. 431
20. ↑ Charles Co. [MD Archives, Vol. 60. p. 215] 1668/1671 Kent Co. Court Proceedings..."To John Nutwell [Inn keeper?] for the Burges Expence" [while attending the Assembly, at the then seat of government, in St. Mary's Co.] 2805 # tob. [MD Archives., vol. 54, p. 274]
21. ↑ "Maryland Marriages, 1666-1970" FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F4V7-WMV)
22. ↑ https://maryland.hometownlocator.com/md/anne-arundel/nutwell.cfm
23. ↑ Nutwell Family in Anne Arundel https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1998-11-29-1998333083-story.html
24. ↑ "Maryland Marriages, 1666-1970", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F4V7-WMV : 16 January 2020), Elias Nuttle, 1771
25. ↑ FindAGrave Memorial ID 51296354. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/51296354/james-nutwell
26. ↑ Deale Area Historical Society https://dahs.us/
27. ↑ ^{27.0 27.1} Carr, Dr. Lois Green. St. Mary's Mens Career Files; 60 pages of documentation. https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5000/sc5094/003000/003084/html/sc5094-3084-01.html
28. ↑ Nugent, Nell Marion. Cavaliers and Pioneers, https://archive.org/details/cavalierspioneer00nuge p. 84-85
29. ↑ Henry A. Wise, et al., Report and Accompanying Documents of the Virginia Commissioners Appointed to Ascertain the Boundary Line Between Maryland and Virginia (with Appendix, Atlas) (Richmond, Virginia: 1873), Appendix - pp. 78 – 79 Also see Clayton Torrance, Old Somerset on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, p. 486. as cited in Marler, JC. website Antecedents and Descendants of John Nuthall of Cross Manor https://web.archive.org/web/20070207044525/http://gennotes.150m.com/nuthall.html
30. ↑ Combs-Coombs &c. Research Group http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~rawl/family/watkinsferry.html
31. ↑ Nugent, p. 114
32. ↑ Nugent, p. 259
33. ↑ Reynolds, Sarah Jane, M. H. P. Accomack and Northampton Counties- Historic Architectural Resource Survey, IV Historical Context https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/pdf_files/SpecialCollections/NH-021_AH_Survey_Northampton_County_1996_DM_report_Cost-Share.pdf
34. ↑ Dames and Moore, architects. Final Report, Historic Architectural Survey – Settlements, Villages And Towns Of Northampton County, Virginia.1996. p. 5-97 https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/pdf_files/SpecialCollections/NH-021_AH_Survey_Northampton_County_1996_DM_report_Cost-Share.pdf
35. ↑ Evans, Cerinda W. Some Notes on Shipbuilding and Shipping in Colonial Virginia; ebook by Project Gutenberg, 2014
36. ↑ Beebe, Clarence Lee. A history of the Chesapeake Bay ferries to Virginia's Eastern shore prior to the Civil War; University of Richmond, Master's Thesis, 1954. p. 9 ff https://scholarship.richmond.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1085&context=masters-theses
37. ↑ Roper, L. David. Roper Families in Virginia: The First Century of Ropers in Virginia (1600-1699) 2004. Citing Court Records of Accomack-Northampton, VA 1640-1645, S.M. Ames, p. 141 http://www.roperld.com/rva16.htm
38. ↑ Chief Debedeavon and history of the Accawmack. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debedeavon
39. ↑ Accomac Shire, Virginia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accomac_Shire
40. ↑ Nugent, Nell Marion. Cavaliers and Pioneers, p. 158 https://archive.org/details/cavalierspioneer00nuge
41. ↑ Northampton County Maps http://www.esva.net/ghotes/nhmaps/topplot.htm#N57 “The Index and maps were created by Jim Lokenbauer (1999). The maps are laid off in numbered sections, that correspond to the sections used by Whitelaw.”
42. ↑ MD Archives; Provincial Court Judgements, Land Indenture 20 September 1662 Vol. 49, pp 3-6;
43. ↑ Carr card files https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5000/sc5094/003000/003084/html/sc5094-3084-26.html and following page
44. ↑ Cross Manor and Ted Koppel https://www.newswire.com/toptenrealestatedeals-com-hot-home/243598
45. ↑ Cross Manor listing https://www.weichert.com/73146633/ Includes numerous photos of the grounds, outbuildings and interiors
46. ↑ Appleby, John. The English fur trade in Chesapeake Bay: A case study in English commercial and entrepreneurial activity, c.1580 to 1680 (23 November 2001); http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~dwdrury/genealogy/Fur_Trade_in_Maryland.htm#_ednref14
47. ↑ MD Archives Provincial Court Judgement, Discharge of Obligation Vol. 49, p. 344; as cited in Carr https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5000/sc5094/003000/003084/html/sc5094-3084-40.html
48. ↑ MD Archives, Testamentary Proceedings Vol. 3, pp 2-3 and following http://mdhistory.msa.maryland.gov/msaref10/msa_te_1_073/html/msa_te_1_073-0578.html
49. ↑ Chesapeake Bay History https://www.nps.gov/chba/learn/historyculture/index.htm
50. ↑ Eisel, Dr. Christine. "SEVERAL UNHANDSOME WORDS: THE POLITICS OF GOSSIP IN EARLY VIRGINIA.” Dissertation, Graduate College of Bowling Green State University; May 2012 https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_etd/send_file/send?accession=bgsu1332788117&disposition=inline p. 71 fn 48
51. ↑ Eisel, p. 59
52. ↑ Eisel, p. 63
53. ↑ Ames, Susan. County Court Records, 1632-1640, xxxviii-xxxxix
54. ↑ Eisel, p. 70
55. ↑ Eisel, p. 71
56. ↑ Carr. [Note: taken from the first and last card in the series but it is unclear exactly what was meant concerning the value and length of service.]
57. ↑ Perry, James R. The Formation of a Society on Virginia's Eastern Shore 1615-1655; The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1990. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Formation_of_a_Society_on_Virginia_s/ijLqCQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Nuthall&pg=PA106&printsec=frontcover
58. ↑ Bowler, Clara Ann. “The Litigious Career of William Cotton, Minister.” The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, vol. 86, no. 3, 1978, pp. 281–294. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/4248227?seq=1
59. ↑ Northampton Order Book 1, 1632-40 page 73
60. ↑ Hungars Church https://www.hungarschurch.net/
61. ↑ Hungars Cure https://www.hungarscure.org/hungars-episcopal-church
62. ↑ VA Historic Register https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/065-0012
63. ↑ Allegations for Marriage Licenses; p. 257 https://www.google.com/books/edition/Allegations_for_Marriage_Licences_Issued/aGRcU3BaZM0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=
64. ↑ Staples Inn https://medievallondon.ace.fordham.edu/exhibits/show/medieval-london-sites/stapleinn
65. ↑ Accomack-Northampton court records. vol. 5, p. 84
66. ↑ Whereas Murderkill Monthly Meeting and Duck Creek Monthly Meeting of "Friends" having united, under the name of Camden Monthly Meeting... Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1949 [copied by the Historical Records Survey (Delaware)] Maryland, Church Records, 1668-1995; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9CG-389F?cc=2385204
67. ↑ Maryland, Church Records, 1668-1995; https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9CG-389F?cc=2385204
68. ↑ http://espl-genealogy.org/MilesFiles/site/p661.htm#i66094
69. ↑ https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Larrimore-47
70. ↑ Doliante, p. 429
71. ↑ http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~codd/genealogy/nuthall9.14.pdf, page 7
72. ↑ Maryland, Calendar of Wills, 1635-1743, Volume: IV, Wills from 1713 to 1720
73. ↑ Mackenzie, George Norbury, and Nelson Osgood Rhoades, editors. Colonial Families of the United States of America: in Which is Given the History, Genealogy and Armorial Bearings of Colonial Families Who Settled in the American Colonies From the Time of the Settlement of Jamestown, 13th May, 1607, to the Battle of Lexington, 19th April, 1775 7 volumes. 1912. Reprinted, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1966, 1995.
74. ↑ Monnette, Orra Eugene. Monnet family genealogy : an emphasis of a noble Huguenot heritage, somewhat of the first immigrants Isaac and Pierre Monnet being a presentation of those in America bearing the name as variously spelled, Monet, Monete, Monett, Monette, Monnet, Monnett, Monnete, Monnette, Monay, Maunay, Money, Monie, Monnie, Monat, Monatt, Manett, Mannett, Munnitt, Munnett, Manee, Maney, Amonnet, Amonet, etc., with complete genealogies of the main lines : including the history of la noble maison de Monet de la Marck, seigneurs et barons, from the year 1632 : the genealogy of seigneurs de Monnet, la Maison de Salins, from the year 1184 : and containing short accounts of certain of the Pillot, Nuthall, Sprigg, Hillary, Mariarte, Crabb, Williams, Osborn, Burrell, Hellen, Lake and Bird, Caldwell, Slagle, Reichelsdörfer, Hagenbuch, Schissler, Braucher, Wayland, Wilhoit, Kinnear, Hull, Ludwig, Lutz, et al., families Los Angeles, Calif.: C.E. Bireley, 1911.
75. ↑ Mackenzie
76. ↑ Doliante, p. 428-429
77. ↑ Doliante, pp. 428-429
78. ↑ Estate of Daniel Clocker 1689 "Elias Nuthall runaway" https://www.colonial-settlers-md-va.us/getperson.php?personID=I027496&tree=Tree1
79. ↑ Carr. https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5000/sc5094/003000/003082/html/sc5094-3082-5.html
80. ↑ Arthur Bond Cecil, William Cecil of Prince George's County, Maryland, and some of his descendants, 1665-1949 (Los Angeles, CA: 1949), 277; https://archive.org/details/williamcecilofpr00ceci
81. ↑ Doliante, pp. 413-429
82. ↑ Eisel, p.79
83. ↑ Haight, Elizabeth S. “The Northampton Protest of 1652: A Petition to the General Assembly from the Inhabitants of Virginia's Eastern Shore.” The American Journal of Legal History, vol. 28, no. 4, 1984, pp. 364–375. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/844783. Accessed 26 Feb. 2021
84. ↑ Northampton Court Orders, Will, and Deeds Vol. 4, 1651-1656
85. ↑ Haight, Elizabeth S. “The Northampton Protest of 1652: A Petition to the General Assembly from the Inhabitants of Virginia's Eastern Shore.” The American Journal of Legal History, vol. 28, no. 4, 1984, pp. 364–375. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/844783. Accessed 26 Feb. 2021 Contains transcript from microfilm of the original
86. ↑ James Handley Marshall, Northampton Co, VA, Abstracts of Wills & Administrations, 1632-1802, p. 34 (Oath to England) as cited in MilesFiles
87. ↑ MD Archives78. ; Testamentary Proceedings, Vol. 3, pp. 2-3
88. ↑ FindAGrave https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/210630017/john-nuthall
89. ↑ Healy, David. https://davidhealeyauthor.com/2012/11/02/excerpt-from-great-storms-of-the-chesapeake-about-the-hurry-cane-of-1667
90. ↑ MD Archives; Provincial Court Judgments, Vol. 57, p. 243, as cited in Carr Image No: sc5094-3084-53
91. ↑ MD Archives; Testamentary Proceedings, Vol. 3, pp. 2-3 and following http://mdhistory.msa.maryland.gov/msaref10/msa_te_1_073/html/msa_te_1_073-0578.html ; transfer of Administration as cited in Carr Image No: sc5094-3084-54
92. ↑ MD Archives; Testamentary Proceedings, Vol. 3, pp. 12-13; transfer of Administration as cited in Carr Image No: sc5094-3084-54
93. ↑ [http://aomol.msa.maryland.gov/000001/000005/html/am5--34.html Proceedings of the Council of Maryland. September 1668 Liber H. H., p. 303
94. ↑ Carr [Note: taken from the first and last card in the series but it is unclear exactly what was meant regarding the value or the length of service.]
95. ↑ Hill, Isaac. The Farmer's Monthly Visitor; 1852. Vol. 12, p. 159 https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Farmer_s_Monthly_Visitor/0-YxAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=paleing+coffin&pg=PA159&printsec=frontcover
96. ↑ Dan and Mary Clocker Biography, no longer found at https://old.hsmcdigshistory.org/research/history/dan-and-mary-clocker/ states that he was a carpenter and Mary a midwife
97. ↑ Doliante, pp. 440-445