Lipscomb County, Texas
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Surnames/tags: Lipscomb_County us_history texas
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History/Timeline
- Lipscomb County was formed in 1876 from Bexar District; organized in 1887. It is named for A.S. Lipscomb, Republic of Texas leader.[1]
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| Lipscomb quilt detailing history. |
A Puebloan culture was here during the Prehistoric era. After this there were the Plains Apaches, Apaches, and finally Kiowas and Comanches in the historic period. The Kiowas and Comanches dominated the Panhandle until "1873-74.[2]
- 1873-74 the Comanches were defeated in the Red River War and were transferred to a reservation. Settlement then began.[2]
- 1875-76 - ranchers moved in. Lipscomb County was formed by the Texas legislature in 1876 from the Bexar District. [2]
- 1877- The county's first settler was Alex Young, a small-scale rancher settled on Kiowa Creek.
- late 1877- Henry W. Cresswell's huge CC Ranch (centered in Roberts and Ochiltree Counties) extended also into W part of Lipscomb County. [2]
- 1878 - Other large ranches appeared: the Seven K, the DAY, the Box T, and the YL were here. These ranches dominated the county for almost a decade, until the coming of the railroad in
- 1880 -The agricultural census-- four ranches in the county, reporting a total of 5,037 cattle; no crops. and 69 PEOPLE.[2]
- 1887 - Railroad arrived, encouraging more settlers. the Southern Kansas Railway of Texas, a Santa Fe subsidiary, extended a line from Kiowa, Kansas, to Panhandle, Texas. It crossed the SE part of Lipscomb County, which gave local ranchers access to rail connections, and afforded farmers and small stockmen access to the farmlands in the county. [2]
- 1887- The first town in the county, Lipscomb, was platted in 1887 in anticipation of the arrival of the railroad. [2]
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- 1887 Local residents learned the railroad would miss their town, voted to protect the town by making it a county seat.!![2]
- June, 1887- voters voted to organize the county seat. "The Deadly Railroad entered a ways away.. Its land promoters laid out Higgins on the railroad right of way... Higgins grew the populace voted to organize the county in June of 1887 with Lipscomb as the county seat. When the railroad entered the county later in the year, land promoters laid out Higgins on the right-of-way. Higgins soon grew the county's largest town , but Lipscomb remained the county seat.[3]
- 1880- more Settlers arrived throughout the 1880s
- 1890 there were 68 farms and ranches with 51,000 acres in the county. 19,000 cattle were reported on ranches, less than 2,000 acres tilled. Corn was planted on 1,200 acres The census counted 632 residents that year.
- 1889 drought in 1889, coupled with the availability of lands around Oklahoma City in 1889 and contributed to some migration out of the county.[2]
- 1893 the population had declined to 1885–87 levels.
- 1900-- Lipscomb County entered the twentieth century as a sparsely settled ranching county with a population of 790. 117 farms and ranches were counted in the county in 1900, corn was planted on only 812 acres; 34,279 cattle were reported that year.[2]
- 1910- farmers learned of Wheat farming.. The farming frontier due to wheat:-- farmers moving into into the area from the Midwest and Central Texas. Lipscomb County had 375 farms and ranches, with 472,000 acres. had increased to 2,634. [2]
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- 1920construction of a second railroad, the North Texas and Santa Fe, through the county brought more settlers. This railroad, which ran from Shattuck, Oklahoma, to Spearman, Texas, crossed into northern Lipscomb County by 1920 . [2]
- 1917; another town, Booker, was established on the line in 1919. Many Russians of German origin from Kansas entered the northern part of the county at this time, adding a distinct ethnic atmosphere to the new towns. Wheat culture proved profitable. [2]
- 1920 there were 483 farms had been established in Lipscomb County
- 1930 the county's 525 farms included 476,187 acres, and about 65,300 acres was planted in wheat, which remained the most important crop. [2]
- 1930 almost 51,000 chickens were raised on county farms, and that year local farmers sold almost 245,000 dozen eggs. The census reported 4,512 people living in the county that year.[2]
- 1940- Growth of population and farms reversed. The great Depression took its toll, Dust Bowl. 479 farms
- 1930--Supreme Court decision in 1930 ruled the 100th meridian, (E border of the Texas Panhandle, was approximately 3,700 feet farther east than previously thought. This strip, 132 miles long, increased these counties total acreage eastward. [2]
Government Offices
- Lipscomb County has had two courthouses: 1887, 1916[4]
- #1 Courthouse 1887 - was a one-story wood frame building which served as the first county courthouse. for over 20 years. As the farming in the Panhandle expanded, the population and number of farms and ranches doubled here. By 1900 the population was triple the beginning. By 1915, county voters approved the issuance of bonds for a new, larger courthouse to serve the governmental functions of a growing county.[4] No image
During the first decade of the 20th century, the number of farms and ranches in the county more than doubled, and the population more than tripled that of the 1900 census. In 1915,[4]
- #2 Courthouse 1916 is still standing. Architect - W. M. Rice, Style - Classical Revival, Material-Brick & concrete, Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 2000. Rice designed the new courthouse in the Classical Revival style, with style-defining features such as the arched doorway and the triangular pediment supported by Doric order columns over the entrance. Design and construction took place primarily during 1916, with final details completed in early 1917. [4]
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Despite its status as the smallest town in the county, largely the result of being bypassed by the railroad, Lipscomb retains its designation as county seat. The Lipscomb County courthouse, which dominates the town site, continues to function as the center of government and politics for county residents. [4] Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 2000
Geography
Location- upper NE county of the Texas Panhandle. The total area of 932 square miles of which 932 sq mi is land and 0.1 square miles water (not much water).[3]
- Lipscomb County, in the far NE corner of the Panhandle, is bounded on the north and east by Oklahoma, on the south by Hemphill County, and on the west by Ochiltree County. It is in the rolling plains part of the Panhandle, east of the Texas High Plains.
- Latitude/Longitude - center of the county is 36°15' north latitude and 100°15' west longitude. :Lipscomb, county seat, is 1-2 miles from the center of the county and 128 miles NE of Amarillo. :Named for: for Abner S. Lipscomb
- Type land- level, rolling, and broken countryside.
- Soil- sandy loam to black
- Grasses.trees= native grasses as well as wheat, grain sorghums, corn, and alfalfa.
- Creeks- Wolf Creek, a large perennial stream, flows east joining the Canadian River in Oklahoma. First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Dugout, Skunk, Mammoth, Sand, Plum, and Camp creeks. Horse Creek, Big Timber Creek, and Commission Creek flow from S part of county to the Canadian River. Kiowa Creek flows across the (NW) part of the county toward the Beaver River in Oklahoma.
- Rolling plains in Central and Southern part The northern section is flat or slightly rolling.
MINERALS - Oil and gas reserves are found in the county.
- Elevation - from 2,350 feet to 2,850 feet above sea level.
- Rainfall - 22.16 inches.
- Temperatures- 23° F in January, and the average maximum is 95° in July.
- Growing season lasts 202 days a year. [2]
North Central Plains is bounded by the Caprock Escarpment in the Panhandle. The Caprock is higher in elevation than the rest of the North Central Plains. A noted fact of one who has lived there,- over the ages the creeks and rivers run-off of water wears the region down to the river. This is known as the Breaks.
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The Texas Panhandle consists of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. The Handbook of Texas defines the southern border of Swisher County to be the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. According to the Panhandle Regional Planning Commission, the following counties constitute the Texas Panhandle:
- Armstrong County,
Briscoe County, Carson County, Castro County, Childress County, Collingsworth County, Dallam County, Deaf Smith County, Donley County, Gray County, Hall County, Hansford County, Hartley County, Hemphill County, Hutchinson County Lipscomb County, Moore County, Ochiltree County, Oldham County, Parmer County, Potter County, Randall County, Roberts County, Sherman County, Swisher County, Wheeler County
Formed From
Bexar District
Adjacent counties
- Beaver County, Oklahoma (north)
- Ellis County, Oklahoma (east)
- Hemphill County (south)
- Roberts County (southwest)
- Ochiltree County (west)
Protected areas
- List of museums in the Texas Panhandle
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Lipscomb County, Texas
Demographics
Seat Lipscomb Largest town Booker
In 2000, there were 3,057 people with a population density of 3 people/sq mile. Racial breakdown was 82.86% White, 0.52% Black or African American, 1.37% Native American, 0.07% Asian and 20.71% of the population were Hispanic[3]
62.10% were married couples living together, 28.00% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. [3]
The median income $39,375 for family. Below the poverty line were 23.50% of those under age 18 and 12.40% of those age 65 or over.[3]
Highways:
- U.S. Highway 60
- U.S. Highway 83
- Texas Highway 15
- Texas State Highway 23
- Texas State Highway 213
- Texas State Highway 305
POLITICS:
Lipscomb county voters have voted in favor of Democratic between the years of 1888 and 1948. An exception was the support of Warren G Harding and Herbert Hoover. Then from 1952 to 1992 voters were supporting Republican Candidates. 1920, when the county supported Republican Warren G. Harding, and 1928, when they supported Republican Herbert Hoover. From 1952 to 1992, however, Lipscomb County voters supported the Republican candidate in every presidential election.
Since the 1950s Lipscomb County has had a diversified economy based on ranching, farming, and petroleum production.
Town
- Lipscomb County Seat:
- Booker Largest town
- Darrouzett
- Follett
- Higgins
Formed From
Bexar Territory
- 19 Nov 1876
- LIPSCOMB created from Bexar Territory; LIPSCOMB not fully organized, attached to CLAY "for judicial, surveying and all other purposes." Act passed 21 August 1876; took effect 19 November 1876. (Texas Laws 1876, 15th leg., ch. 144/pp. 234, 242)
- 07 Oct 1879
LIPSCOMB detached from CLAY, attached to WHEELER "for judicial purposes." (Texas Laws 1879, 16th leg., spec. sess., ch. 30, sec. 3/p. 29)
- in Jun 1887
LIPSCOMB fully organized, detached from WHEELER. ("Lipscomb County," New Handbook of Texas, 4:216)
- 18 Feb 1889
HANSFORD detached from WHEELER, attached to LIPSCOMB "for judicial purposes." (Texas Laws 1889, 21st leg., ch. 138, sec. 2/p. 162)
- 11 Mar 1889
HANSFORD fully organized, detached from LIPSCOMB. (Kennedy, 102)
Resources
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Census
| Census | Pop. | %± |
|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 69 | — |
| 1890 | 632 | 815.9% |
| 1900 | 790 | 25.0% |
| 1910 | 2,634 | 233.4% |
| 1920 | 3,684 | 39.9% |
| 1930 | 4,512 | 22.5% |
| 1940 | 3,764 | −16.6% |
| 1950 | 3,658 | −2.8% |
| 1960 | 3,406 | −6.9% |
| 1970 | 3,486 | 2.3% |
| 1980 | 3,766 | 8.0% |
| 1990 | 3,143 | −16.5% |
| 2000 | 3,057 | −2.7% |
| 2010 | 3,302 | 8.0% |
| Est. 2015 | 3,569 |
Cemeteries
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- [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=csr&CScn=&CScntry=4&CSst=46&CScnty=2667 FindaGrave Cemeteries, Lipscomb County, Texas
- Lipscomb County, Texas, Gloria Mayfield
- More Lipscomb County, Texas
- Lipscomb County Cemeteries
Sources
- ↑ https://texasalmanac.com/index.php?q=topics/government/lipscomb-county
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcl10
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipscomb_County,_Texas
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 http://www.texasescapes.com/TexasPanhandleTowns/Lipscomb-County-Courthouse-Texas.htm
- Origin of place names The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States
By Henry Gannett
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