Roald (Richmond) de Richmond (abt. 1075 - bef. 1171)

Descendants

Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Timeline of the Earls of the Honour of Richmond 1.2 Who was the father of Roald? 2 Sources 3 Acknowledgements

Biography

Coat of arms: Gules three bars gemel and a chief or. ^[1] Later de Richmonds from Yorkshire had only 2 bars gemel.

Roald ("Le Ennase") de Richmond was the first to take on the surname of de Richmond. ^[2]

Roald married Garsiana^[3], most likely the daughter of Enisan Musard as most scholars imply that she is, because Roald inherited half of Enisan property, the other half went to Emma, who married a de Rollo.

They were the parents of:

• Sir Alan de Richmond, Kt., 3rd Constable of Richmond Castle ^[2]
• Theophania 'Tiffany' de Richmond - m- Elias, probably the seneschal of Richmond Castle ^[4] They had a son Conan. ^[5]
• Ismena 'Emma' de Richmond -m- Philip de Burgh, ^[4] They had a son Thomas de Burgh. ^[5]
• Unknown daughter -m- Picot de Lascelles ^[4]

Roald was the second constable of Richmond Castle under Alan Niger and then under Count Stephen of Tréguier, who was the heir of Alan Niger, and then he served under Alan Niger II. ^{[2] [4] [6] [7]}

The whole fee of Enisan Musard and the fee of Hervey son of Morin and the carucate of Sadberg' were granted by Stephen Count of Tréguier (1093-1137) to Roald, his constable. ^[4]

He was seized of lands in Skeeby and Croft by the gift of King Henry, who likewise gave him the manor of Pickhall, etc., which he gave in marriage with his daughter, Amfelisa (more likely his granddaughter) to John de Neville. ^[2]

By grant of King Stephen, he was Lord of Aldborough (Yorkshire) & of (Constable) Burton (Yorkshire) and lord over most of Emsart's (Enisan) lands (the first Constable of Richmond). ^[2]

He granted 2 carucates of land to a group of Premonstratensian canons to build an abbey on the banks of the River Swale, within sight of the soaring towers of his castle on his Manor of Easby in honor of St. Agatha for the souls of Counts Stephen and Alan his kinsmen. ^{[2] [4] [8]}

The remains of Easby Abbey including the infirmary, refectory and other buildings around the unusually planned cloister can still be seen about a mile from the town of Richmond, England.

Roald must have died in the lifetime of Earl Conan, who granted to Alan son of Roald his constableship of Richmond castle and the whole fee as Roald had held it in 1158. This grant may possibly have been obtained to strengthen the title of Alan, for the dispute with the family of Rollos had probably arisen before 1184 when Richard de Rollos seems to have shared the fee equally with Alan.

He and his wife Garsiana were buried at Easby Abbey . ^[2]

Timeline of the Earls of the Honour of Richmond

1. Alan Rufus was granted the hounor by William I, he died 4 Aug 1093.

"I William surnamed Bastard, King of England, doe give and grant unto thee my Nephew[d] Alane Earle of Britaine, and to thine heires for ever, all and every the manour houses and lands which late belonged to Earle Eadwine in Yorkeshire, with the knights fees and other liberties and customes, as freely and in as honorable wise as the said Eadwin held the same. Given at our leaguer before the City of Yorke. (Ego Wil(el)mus cognomine Bastardus Rex Anglie do et concedo tibi Nepoti meo Alano Britannie Comiti et heredibus tuis imperpetuum omnes uillas et terras que nuper fuerunt Comitis Edwyni in Eboraschira cum feodis Militum et ecclesiis et aliis libertat(ibus) et consuetudinibus ita libere et honorifice sicut idem Edwinus ea tenuit. Dat(um) in obsidione coram Ciuitate Ebor(aci).)" ^[9]

1. He was succeeded by his brother, Alan Niger who died in 1098. No changes in the 5 years after he inheirted.
2. He and succeeded by the next brother, Count Stephen. ^[10]
3. Stephen was succeeded by his son Alan Niger II in 1136. ^[11]
4. Alan II was succeeded by his son Conan in 1146.
5. After Conan, died in 1171, his only child, a daughter, Margaret inherited.

Who was the father of Roald?

Was he forefather of the de Richmond Family in Yorkshire and not Roaldus (Ruard d'Aboube) Musard?

I don’t know where people have come to the conclusion that Sir Roaldus (Ruard d'Aboube) Musard was the forefather of the Yorkshire Richmond family line. Unless they have mistaken him for Sir Roald de Richmond, 2nd constable.

There is no deed or charter with the name Roaldus (Ruard d'Aboube) Musard that I can find in the doomsday book or even shortly thereafter in England. (There was a Roald, no surname, living in Devon)

Roaldus is Latin for Roald. Scholars have added 'le Ennase' to the 2nd constable name, but I’m unable to translate that wording.

• l'Envaise instead of Le Ennase has been used in Early Yorkshire Charters, which seems to be the correct sobriquet/nickname spelling as that, at least translates in to a word: Envy Him. ^[5]
• ‘le Ennase’ appears in Plantagenet’s, The history of Yorkshire, He shows that Roald ‘le Ennase’ was the son of Robert fil Fulco (Fulco was living temp William I), and Robert was Captain of the men at arms under Count Stephen, of Tréguier, 3rd lord of Richmond. If in some language I don’t know, Is Fulco is another word of Roaldus? Seems unlikely. ^[12]

Roald 2nd constable was born c. 1100 and died aft. 1158 (but before 1171). He had to be of age to become constable in 1136 and have died before 1171 when the constableship was transferred to his son, Alan, by earl Conan in 1171.

The whole fee of Enisan Musard and the fee of Hervey, son of Morin and the carucate of Sadberg' were granted by Count Stephen to Roald, his constable before 1136 (Count Stephen died in 1136). ^[4]

His constableship of Richmond castle was confirmed by Conan in 1158. ^[7]

In Page’s A History of York, He states that Roald was the son of Hasculph, apparently the Hasculf de St. James who held 5 hides at Tansor at the time of the Northamptonshire Survey, he also states: It seems possible that he may have married a daughter and heir or co-heiress of Enisan, as his wife, Garsia or Garsian. ^{[4] [2]}

In Early Yorkshire Charters ^[5], it states that he is the son of Hasculf de St. James

…. A dispute in 1213 when an assize of darrein presentment between [Sir]Roald the [4th] constable, son of Alan and Ralph de Cameis, tenant, concerning a moiety of the advowson of the church of Tansor, was put off for want of recognitors. In 1214 the jurors, who asked who was the last rector to a moiety of the church, said that Roald grandfather of Roald, son of Alan had presented the last rector, in the time of Henry I. (This statement was untrue. The pleading in 1211 indicates that it was Alan, the plaintiff's father, not grandfather who had appointed the rector.) It was considered that Roald, who was claiming the moiety, should have seisin.

Taken as a whole, the Tansor evidence shows that Roger de Clare, dealing with his wife's inheritance, Tansor had been held by her grandfather Hasculf St. James, with one moiety of the vil to Roald, and gave the other moiety to Robert, son of Humphrey.

As Roald's father was named Harscod the suggestion presents that he was the son of Hasculf de St. James. There is no direct evidence that Hasculf de St. James had any sons other that James and Peter. Though, he may have married a 2nd time to a Breton lady and had Roald by her, these suggestions cannot be proved. (These suggestions have been made by writer in Yorkshire, Deeds 7 ^[7] and in Victoria County History, North Riding., I, 233 by William Page. While W. Farrer (editor, 1923-1925). Honors and Knights' Fees. London. doesn’t seem to have any definite conclusion as to the origin of Roald's father)

The Battle abbey roll (Pages 272-273) has him a grandson of Enisand, but not who was his parent (and why would they list him as a grandson and not son by marriage if he married Garsia?).

The Battle Abbey roll only lists 3 Musards who came to England: Asuit, Hasuit or Hasculphus Musard, Enisand Musard, and Hugh Musard, who held baronies in Domesday. Battle Abbey continues with “There is a difference of opinion as to their origin. If, M. de Ste Marie (Recherches sur le Domesday) conjectures, they belonged to the Musards who were lords of Sauxelle and Issondun-sur-Creuse, in La Marche, up to the 17th century, they probably came to England under the banner of Roger de Poitou, who had married the daughter of their suzerain, Audebert, Count de la Marche. The author of the 'Norman People’ (quoting Guy-Alexis Lobineau, Histoire de Bretagne. volume II. 1707.) says they were the sons of Hasculph, Viscount of Nantes in Brittany, and this opinion is supported by the fact that Enisand Musard had vast grants in Yorkshire from Alan le Roux of Brittany, Earl of Richmond, with the feudal dignity of Constable of Richmond. It was his grandson, Roald who founded Easby Abbey in 1152; and from him the Yorkshire family descended”….

Lobineau, Histoire de Bretagne page 117:

Ego Conanus minoris Britanniæ Comes, magneæ Fcilicet poreftatic fub Dei ordinatione minifter, aliquando cum per Turonum ad avunculum meum Comiren Tetvaudum Blefim tenderem, majus adivi Monaafterium, cum orationis gratia, tum pro adipifcenda focietate benefactorum Deo ibidem & S. Martino Famulantium monachorum. Que videliet impetrata proper Dei & B. Martini amorem, totum ex intergo fratribus eifdem auctorizavi quid-quid in tota terra juris five dominationis meæ, aut dona, aut empitone habebant, exceptis duntaxat possessionibus quas in die qua defunctus elf pater meus habebat Alanus. Et ut hæc ab omnibus fuccessoribus meis & certius credantur & deligentius conferventur, manu propria fignum S. Crucis in membrana ifta essgiavi videntibusqui benefactum loci mecum fortiti funt his Baronibus meis Gaufredo de Medana, Gaussredo Papa bovemm, Silverftro filio Mainguinei, Tetbaudo fratre ejus, Herveo Foreftario, Gilone filio Anfquitni, Auffredo filio Radulfi Largi, Carioc filio Caradoci, Mainfineto de Namnetis, Alberico de Ver, Herveo filio Rodaldi, Rivallono filio Frioli, Afcol filio Rodadldi Vicecomitis de Namnetis, Widone de Sablolio, Grossardo filio Martini, Papino de Raheriis, Quinol de Leon, Artur de Servum, Suhardo de Acinneio, Hehloc filio Rivallonii, Norman Citharedo, Judiquello filio Juhalis, Mainguineio Britone, Hugone filio Frotgerii, Bernone Quoqo, Eudone filio Doallonii, Haimone filio Odelini, Herveo fratre ejus. Tures de Marmouier. (Google Translate: Afcol son of Sheriff Rodadldi of Namnetis. Sheriff not count or vicount, There was no person named Hasculph Count of Nantes.)

The following 3 Musard’s, supposedly brothers, are listed in the Doomsday book with the following property:

Asuit, Hasculphus or Hasuit Musard, Derbyshire lines. Where his son Richard was baron of Stavley, and his grandson Hasculph II., on the occasion of the marriage of Henry II's daughter, certified that he held fifteen and a half knight's fees.

He held the manor, Saintsbury as per the Doomsday Book at Gloucestershire, ^[13].

Cirencester Hundred. He held this manor and a hide (about 120 acres) here, as recorded in the Doomsday Book at Siddington Saint Peter's Manor, Gloucestershire, England ^[13].

Kiftsgate Hundred. Hascort Musard held the manor Aston Somerville as per the Doomsday Book at Aston Somerville, Gloucestershire, England ^[13].

Slaughter Hundred. Hascoit Musard held the manor, Eyford as per the Doomsday Book in 1086 at Gloucestershire, England ^[13].

'A Harsculph Musard II', was seised of the manors of Croft, Aldburgh, Burton, Skideby, Kipling, Brunton, Stanwigges, Pickhale, and thirteen knights’ fees in the county of' York. Coat of Arms: Gules, 3 annulets or.

The Manor of Skeeby or Skiteby belonged originally to the family of Skiteby, but at the Conquest it came into the possession of Harsculph Musard, whose daughter [Agatha married William de Rollo] and heir carried it to the family of Rollos. Richard de Rollos having joined Maud the Empress, all his eight manors and lands were given by King Stephen to Roald, the Constable of Richmond Castle; and upon the accession of King Henry II. it was agreed that four of the said manors, including the manor of Skideby, should remain to the said Roald for the term of his life, with remainder after his death to the said Richard de Rollos and his heirs ^[12]

Hugh Musard Lincolnshire lines

In Samford, in the time of Edward I., there were twelve Lagmen who had sac and soke over their own houses .... two of which Hugh Marsard took [from himself] for himself. ^[14]

Enisan (Enisand, Enisam, Enisaunt) Musard (born bef 1065 died aft. 1100) Yorkshire lines.

Enisan was a witness to the Linton charters ^[15]

The hamlet of Easby is mentioned in the Domesday book as 'Asebi', which was held by Enisan Murdac, who was a vassal of Alan 'the Red' Rufus. ^[16]

Constable Burton, a manor and 12 carucates passed at the Conquest from Tor to Count Alan Rufus, it was thirteen knights' fees. Under Count Alan it was held by Enisan, sometimes called Murdac. ^[4]

He held about twenty-one manors in Count Alan's fee in 1086, having received all but five of the manors which had belonged to Tor and also Raven's lands in Thorpe; he had also other lands in Cambridgeshire ^[4]

Fourteen geld carucates in Croft were among the lands of Count Alan in 1086, and were subsequently held of Richmond Castle. ^[17]

At the time of the Domesday Survey the fee was held in demesne by Enisan, who granted one-third of the tithes of sheaves of his demesne lands here and in Barton, Halnaby, Stapleton and Cleasby to St. Mary's Abbey, York, and afterwards increased his gift by the church of Croft and 4 carucates in 1086. ^[17]

Enisan made a grant to the priory of St. Martin, Richmond, which founded at about that date in 1100. ^[4]

The National Americana Society, ^[18] It states that Roald was the son of Roaldus Musard de Richmond. They also put forward later in the article that Roald was the son of Hasculf Musard de Richmond, son of Roaldus Musard de Richmond who held estates of Keddington and Chilworth in Oxfordshire, and Stainbury in gloucestershire, but no source. This information is also repeated in American Biography. ^[19]

In ‘The Norman People’ ^[20] it states that 4 sons of Roald, viscount of Nantes, came with William I to England, i.e Hasculph or Hascoit, Hugh, Enisand, and a Roald. But doesn’t show proof of statement of son, Roald.

In the Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Journal ^[21], it states that Emasnt (Enisand) Musard, constable of Richmond castle & lord of Cleasby had a son, Harsculph de Cleseby, who had sons: Roald, constable of Richmond who married Garsiena; Eudo; and Robert.

Yorkshire Archaeological ^[22] states that a Hasculf Musard or Hasculf de Cleseby was the constable of Richmond castle before Roald was. ^[4] ‘The Norman People’ states different info.

In Ferrer's Early Yorkshire Charters Vol 4 it states: Gift by Stephen, a count of Brittany, to Roald son of Harscod, his constable, and his heirs, of Barningham, namely 6 carucates of land, as Hervey son of Morinus had held it. (c. 1130) ^[23]

Cleasby was among the lands of Count Alan in 1086 and afterwards became a member of the honour of Richmond. Tor had one 'manor' there before the Conquest, and this passed with his fee to Enisan, who held 1 carucate there in demesne in 1086. ^[24]

Enisan, who lived on well into the 12th century, held lands here in demesne and he was succeeded in these by Harsculph (Hasculf, Hasquid), the ancestor of the Cleasbys. There is a charter of Earl Conan, who died in 1171, among the muniments at Marske, which, as it stands, makes various grants 'to Harsculph Cleasby my kinsman and constable of my castle of Richmond.' The charter, however, is full of grammatical and other errors. Rid of accretions[additions] it may perhaps represent a grant or confirmation of Cleasby to Harsculph, who is possibly identical with the Harsculph 'son of Ridiou' who held lands in Yorkshire of Count Stephen of Britanny in 1130/1, and with the 'Harsculph Rufus' with whom the Cleasby pedigree properly begins. ^[24]

So, was he the son of Roaldus (Ruard d'Aboube), or Robert, or Hasculf de St. James, or Hasculf Musard de Cleseby, or son of Harscod? Or a son of an unknown person?'

Sources

1. ↑ William Richard Cutter editor, American Biography. A New Cyclopedia, Volume 17. Page 158. (New York: American historical Society, 1924); digital image. (https://www.google.com/books/edition/American_Biography/24AKAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0).
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7} Joshua Bailey Richmond "The Richmond Family 1594-1896 and Pre-American Ancestors 1040-1594", privately published by Joshua Bailey Richmond, Boston, (1897) Citing: Plantagenet Harrison's History of Yorkshire. digital image (https://archive.org/details/richmondfamily1500rich/page/n13/mode/2up?view=theater)
3. ↑ Easby Abbey BY David Ross, Editor. (https://www.britainexpress.com/counties/yorkshire/abbeys/easby.htm)
4. ↑ ^{4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11} 'Parishes: Fingall', in A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 1, ed. William Page (London, 1914), pp. 232-236. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol1/pp232-236.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3} Early Yorkshire Charters: Honour of Richmond. pt. 2. Extra series v. 2 by William Farrer and Charles Travis Clay
6. ↑ National Americana Society, "The Richmond Family," Americana Illustrated (December 1914) Digital Image: https://www.google.com/books/edition/Americana_Illustrated/8mkKAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0<:
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1 7.2} Charles Travis Clay, Yorkshire Deeds, Volume 7. Page 155. #450. (Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 1932); ISBN# 1108058469 digital image. (https://archive.org/details/YASRS083/page/2/mode/2up).
8. ↑ 'Parishes: Easby', in A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 1, ed. William Page (London, 1914), pp. 51-64. (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol1/pp51-64)
9. ↑ English Heritage Education Historical Information Honour of Richmond Castle. (https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/siteassets/home/learn/teaching-resources/join-the-honour_richmond-castle-teachers-kit_ks3.pdf)
10. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen,_Count_of_Tr%C3%A9guier
11. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan,_1st_Earl_of_Richmond
12. ↑ ^{12.0 12.1} Plantagenet-Harrison, The history of Yorkshire: Wapentake of Gilling West.
13. ↑ ^{13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3} Thomas Dudley Fosbroke, Abstracts of records and manuscripts respecting the county of Gloucester; formed into a history, Volume 2 (1807); Pages 301, 382, & 481 (http://.www.google.com/books/edition/Abstracts_of_records_and_manuscripts_res/PgUVAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%25a+Musard%22&pg=PA481&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=%22Matilda%20Musard%22&f=false)
14. ↑ A Translation of that Portion of Domesday Book which Relates to Lincolnshire and Rutlandshire by Charles Gowen Smith · 1870. http://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Translation_of_that_Portion_of_Domesda/edZUAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0)
15. ↑ K. S. B. Keats-Rohan David Roffe, Domesday Now. New Approaches to the Inquest and the Book (2016); (http//www.google.com/books/edition/Domesday_Now/4HxFDAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0)
16. ↑ Andrew Graham Stables, Secret Richmond & Swaledale (2018); http://www.google.com/books/edition/Secret_Richmond_Swaledale/7K-IDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0
17. ↑ ^{17.0 17.1} William Page, editor. A History of the County of York North Riding: ‘Parishes: Croft' Volume 1, pp. 162-171. (London, 1914), (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol1/pp162-171)
18. ↑ The National Americana Society, ‘The Richmond Family’, Americana Illustrated. December 1914, citing Francis Thackeray. (http://www.google.com/books/edition/Americana_American_Historical_Magazine/wws7AQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq)
19. ↑ William Richard Cutter editor, American Biography. A New Cyclopedia, Volume 17 (New York: American historical Society, 1924); Http://www.google.com/books/edition/American_Biography/24AKAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0)
20. ↑ Henry S. King & Co. ‘The Norman People and Their Existing Descendants in the British Dominions and the United States of America’. 1874. Http://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Norman_People_and_Their_Existing_Des/uGWr23tk0nEC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Musard’)
21. ↑ Rev. Canon Raine, Yorkshire Archaeological Society, ‘Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Journal’, Volume 6. Page 214. London: Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Association, 1881 https://www.google.com/books/edition/Yorkshire_Archaeological_Journal/u-4GAAAAYAAJ?h)
22. ↑ Yorkshire Archaeological Society, Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, Volume 25 (Leeds, UK: John Whitehead & Son, 1920); digital image. (https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b4957854).
23. ↑ William Farrer, editor Charles Travis Clay. "Early Yorkshire Charters", Volume 4: The Honor of Richmond, Part 1. Page 11. Cambridge Univ. Press 2013.
24. ↑ ^{24.0 24.1} 'Parishes: Cleasby', in A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 1, ed. William Page (London, 1914), pp. 158-160.http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol1/pp158-160

See also:

• Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/94479069/roald-le_ennase-de_richmond : accessed 29 August 2021), memorial page for Sir Roald Le Ennase De Richmond (1078–1152), Find a Grave Memorial ID 94479069, citing St Agatha Churchyard, Easby, Richmondshire District, North Yorkshire, England ; Maintained by Jauers (contributor 47502318) .
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easby_Abbey

Acknowledgements

Contributors

• Rose Edwards