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Scotland - Mormaers of Scotland

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Scotland - Mormaers of Scotland

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Mormaers of Scotland

The title of Mormaer designates a regional or provincial ruler in the early Medieval Kingdom of the Scotland. They came into effect after the early Viking invasions and under the unification of the Pict "kingdoms" that occupied Scotland at the time, c. 850 AD, under Kenneth MacAlpin to create the "Kingdom of Scotland".

Although gradually replaced prior to David I, the title of Mormaer had been replaced by Earl in the Davidian Revolution, c. 1150. During the intervening period they were not always part of Scotland, such as the Mormaer of Moray who, for much of the time was ruled by the Kingdom of Norway.

The title was no longer used after c. 1200.

List of Mormaers

Mormaer of Angus

Category: Mormaers of Angus


Angus is one of the oldest attested Mormaerdoms, with the earliest attested Mormaer, Dubacan of Angus, known to have lived in the early 10th century, as recorded in the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba. Despite this, the Mormaers of Angus are among the most obscure of all. There is much conjecture regarding the title.


Angus was, according to the doubtful and legendary text de Situ Albanie, one of the seven original mormaerdoms of the Pictish kingdom of Alba, said to have been occupied by seven brothers, of whom Angus (Oengus) was the eldest.


Mormaers of Angus

  •  ?
  • Indrechtach?, fl. early 10th century
  • Dubacan, d. 937
  •  ?
  • Cuncar, fl. mid-10th century
  •  ?
  • Gille Brigte, fl. 1150 - regarded as the 1st Earl See Earl of Angus

Mormaer of Atholl

Category: Mormaers of Atholl


*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormaer_of_Moray 1

Early Mormaers/Earls of Atholl

  • Dubdon (fl. 960s)
  •  ?
  • Crínán? (d. 1045)
  •  ?
  • Máel Muire (fl. 1130s)
  • Matad, Earl of Atholl (d. 1151x1161)
  • Máel Coluim, Earl of Atholl (d. 1190s)
  • Henry, Earl of Atholl (d. 1211)
  • Isabella, Countess of Atholl (d. ?)
    • m. Thomas of Galloway (d. 1232)
    • m. (?) Alan Durward
  • Padraig, Earl of Atholl (d. 1241)
  • Forbhlaith, Countess of Atholl (d. ?)
    • m. David de Hastings
  • Ada, Countess of Atholl (d. 1264) m. John de Strathbogie
  • David de Strathbogie, 8th Earl of Atholl (d. 1270)
  • John de Strathbogie, 9th Earl of Atholl (d. 1306)
  • David II Strathbogie, Earl of Atholl (d. 1326) (forfeited)
After David II, two of others of his name claimed the lordship, though neither exercised it:
  • David III Strathbogie, titular Earl of Atholl (d. 1335)
  • David IV Strathbogie, titular Earl of Atholl (d. 1369)

Mormaer of Buchan

Category: Mormaers of Buchan


The first recorded person who definitely held the position of mormaer was Gartnait, whose patronage is noted in the Gaelic Notes on the Book of Deer. The latter is the only significant source for the mormaerdom, and its existence makes Buchan one of Scotland's best documented provinces for native cultural institutions. After the death of Fergus, before 1214, Buchan became the first native mormaerdom to pass into the hands of a foreign family, the Comyns, though only through marriage. Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan inherited and continued his mother's title and line until it was conquered and forfeited during the Wars of Scottish Independence. [1]


Early Mormaers/Earls of Buchan

  • Unknowns
  •  ?Cainnech (fl. early 12th century)
  • Gartnait (fl. after 1131)
  • Éva (Éua) ingen Garnait (fl. 1174 )
    • m. Colbán (fl. 1174 )
  • Fergus (d. before 1214)
  • Marjory
    • m. William Comyn, Justiciar of Scotia and Warden of Moray (d. 1233)
  • Alexander Comyn (d. 1289)
  • John Comyn (d. 1313)
    • Forfeited; Title claimed by Alicia de Buchan, and her husband Henry Beaumont (d. 1340)

Mormaer of Fife

Category: Mormaers of Fife


List of mormaers/earls of Fife

  •  ? Giric mac Cináeda meic Duib
  •  ?
  • Macduib; = Shakespeare's MacDuff (fl. 1057–1058)
  • Causantín, Earl of Fife, (fl. 1095–1128)
    • See Mormaer Beth and Ethelred of Scotland for common confusion here
  • Gille Míchéil, Earl of Fife (1130–1133)
  • Donnchadh I, Earl of Fife (1133–1154)
  • Donnchadh II, Earl of Fife (1154–1204)
  • Maol Choluim I, Earl of Fife (1204–1228)
  • Maol Choluim II, Earl of Fife (1228–1266)
  • Colbán, Earl of Fife, (1266–1270/2)
  • Donnchadh III, Earl of Fife (1270/2–1288)
  • Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife (1288–1353), considered by King David II to have forfeited the earldom
  • Sir William Ramsay of Colluthie, Earl of Fife (1358-c1360), created by King David II
  • Isabella, Countess of Fife, (1361–1371), daughter of Donnchadh IV, was persuaded to resign the earldom to
  • Robert Stewart, Earl of Fife (1371–1420)
  • Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany, Earl of Fife (1420–1425)

Mormaer of Lennox

Category: Mormaers of Lennox


Mormaers of Lennox/Gaelic Earls of Lennox

  • Ailín I, Earl of Lennox (c. 1200)
  • Ailín II, Earl of Lennox (d. 1217)
  • Maol Domhnaich, Earl of Lennox (d. 1250)
  • Maol Choluim I, Earl of Lennox (d. 1303)
  • Maol Choluim II, Earl of Lennox (d. 1333)
  • Domhnall, Earl of Lennox (d. 1365)
  • Margaret of Lennox (?) (resigned 1385)
    • m. Baltar mac Amlaimh, descendant of the 2nd Earl.
  • Donnchadh, Earl of Lennox (d. 1425)
  • Isabella of Lennox (d. 1458)
    • m. Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany
The title became extinct c. 1459, as all four sons of Isabella of Lennox died without legitimate issue.

Mormaers of Mar

Category: Mormaers of Mar


Mormaers of Mar / early Earls

Mormaer of Mearns

Category: Mormaers of Mearns


The Mormaer or Mormaerdom of Mearns is the most obscure medieval Scottish Mormaerdom. It is known only from one source, a source relating that Máel Petair, Mormaer of Mearns, killed Donnchad II. There is good reason to believe that this is not some mistake, and that Mearns was once a Mormaerdom. The early thirteenth century source, known to historians a de Situ Albanie, adds believability to this because it lists Mearns in a list of 13 Scottish regions which in 6½ pairs each formed one of the seven ancient Kingdoms of the Picts. Only two of the eleven other regions are not attested in sources as Mormaerdoms, those ones being Fothriff and Gowrie. It is probable that by the time Mormaers begin to be consistently attested, i.e. roughly between 1150 and 1250, Mearns was absorbed by the crown and not regranted. -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormaer_of_Mearns 1


Mormaer of Menteith

Category: Mormaers of Menteith


First line of mormaers/earls

  • Mordac, Earl of Menteith (Murdoch) (d. 1124-1153)[2]
  • Gille Críst, Earl of Menteith (Gilcrist) (d. 1189)
  • Muireadhach I, Earl of Menteith (d. 1213)
  • Muireadhach II, Earl of Menteith (d. 1234)
  • Isabella, Countess of Menteith
    • m. Walter Comyn, Lord of Badenoch assumed the peerage in her right.
  • Mary I, Countess of Menteith
    • m.Walter "Bailloch" Stewart
  • Alexander, Earl of Menteith
  • Alan, Earl of Menteith
  • Muireadhach III, Earl of Menteith (d. 1332)
  • Mary Menteith, Countess of Menteith
    • m. Sir John Graham assumed the peerage in her right.
  • Margaret, Countess of Menteith
    • m. Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany
  • Muireadhach IV Stewart, Earl of Menteith, executed in 1425 and the peerages forfeited.

Mormaer of Moray

Category: Mormaers of Moray


The Mormaerdom or Kingdom of Moray (Middle Irish: Muireb or Moreb; Medieval Latin: Muref or Moravia; Modern Gaelic: Moireabh) was a lordship in High Medieval Scotland that was destroyed by King David I of Scotland in 1130. It did not have the same territory as the modern local government council area of Moray, which is a much smaller area, around Elgin. The medieval lordship was in fact centred on both the lower Spey valley and around Inverness and the northern parts of the Great Glen, and probably originally included Buchan and Mar, as well as Ross. [Wikipedia Mormaer of Moray]


Mormaers of Moray

  • Findláech mac Ruaidrí (before 1014–1020)
  • Máel Coluim mac Maíl Brigti (1020–1029)
  • Gille Coemgáin mac Maíl Brigti (1029–1032)
  • Mac Bethad mac Findláich, (Macbeth, King of Scotland) (1032–1057)
  • Lulach mac Gille Coemgáin (1057–1058)
  • Máel Snechtai mac Lulaich (1058–1078/1085)
  •  ? Probably Aedh, seen as Mormaer of Moray, married daughter of Lulach.
  • Óengus (?–1130)
  •  ? William fitz Duncan (1130s–1147)
Later Earls of Moray.


Mormaers of Ross

Category:


Early mormaers/earls of Ross

  • Malcolm MacHeth (d. 1168)
  • With the crown
  • Fearchar, Earl of Ross (d. 1249)
  • Uilleam I, Earl of Ross (d. 1274)
  • Uilleam II, Earl of Ross (d. 1333)
  • Aodh, Earl of Ross (d. 1334) (From who descend the chiefs of Clan Ross).
  • Uilleam III, Earl of Ross (d. 1372)
  • Euphemia I, Countess of Ross (d. c. 1394)
  • Alexander Leslie, Earl of Ross (d. 1402)
  • Euphemia II, Countess of Ross (d. a. 1424) (resigned c. 1415)
  • John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan (d. 1424)
  • Mariota, Countess of Ross (d. c. 1429) (sister of Alexander Leslie, Earl of Ross d.1402)
    • m. Domhnall of Islay, Lord of the Isles
  • Alexander of Islay, Earl of Ross (d. 1448)
  • John of Islay, Earl of Ross (d. c. 1498) (surrendered 1476)

Mormaers of Strathearn

Category: Mormaers of Strathearn


Mormaers of Strathearn

  • Máel Ísu I, Earl of Strathearn (fl. 1138)
  • Ferchar, Earl of Strathearn (fl. 1160)
  • Gille Brigte, Earl of Strathearn (1171–1223)
  • Robert, Earl of Strathearn (1223–1245)
  • Maol Íosa II, Earl of Strathearn (1245–1271)
  • Maol Íosa III, Earl of Strathearn (1271–1317)
  • Maol Íosa IV, Earl of Strathearn (1317–1329)
  • Maol Íosa V, Earl of Strathearn (1330–1334) (d. 1350 as Earl of Orkney)

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