Andreas Köhler

Ancestors

Son of [private father (1930s - unknown)] and [private mother (1940s - unknown)]

Problems/Questions Profile manager: Andreas Köhler [send private message]

Biography

The biography for Andreas Köhler is empty. What can you add?

Sources

• First-hand information. Entered by Andreas Köhler at registration.

DNA

Y-DNA

Positive SNPs

The subclade R-CTS10893 is according to the "R1b-U106 Comprehensive Tree 2013.5.25.xls" at http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/R1b1c_U106-S21/files/Administrator%27s%20File\s/ this is a subclade of the group "L-48" which is in the old system prior to 2010 called R1b1a2a1a1a4.

DNA-related information

From Oceanfield.ca: R1b1a2a1a1a is a a very common subclade of R1b, especially common on the lands surrounding the North Sea.

At one time it was thought it might relate to a population that had formerly occupied Doggerland, the now drowned lands of shallow North Sea waters called Dogger Bank. Now there is uncertainty, and thinking is that it certainly relates to Neolithic farmers.

As usual, Eupedia has excellent maps that show clearly the high density this subclade reaches in the coastal area of Frisia (northern Netherlands to northwest Germany). Some think this was the basic strength of this population. Frisian people were mentioned a number of times in Roman annals. Eupedia's Map on the distribution of haplogroup R1b-S21 (U106) in Europe.

m-DNA

1) U5a1d2a

Defining Markers for haplogroup U5a1d2a: HVR2: 73G 195C 263G 573.1C CR: 750G 1438G 2706G 3027C 3197C 3552C 4769G 4823C 5583T 7028T 8860G 9477A 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 13617C 14766T 14793G 15218G 15326G HVR1: 16145A 16189C 16192T 16256T 16270T 16399G

Marker path from rCRS to haplogroup U5a1d2a (plus extra markers): H2a2a1(rCRS) ⇨ 263G ⇨ H2a2a ⇨ 8860G 15326G ⇨ H2a2 ⇨ 750G ⇨ H2a ⇨ 4769G ⇨ H2 ⇨ 1438G ⇨ H ⇨ 2706G 7028T ⇨ HV ⇨ 14766T ⇨ R0 ⇨ 73G 11719A ⇨ R ⇨ 11467G 12308G 12372A ⇨ U ⇨ 16192T 16270T ⇨ U5 ⇨ 3197C 9477A 13617C ⇨ U5a'b ⇨ 14793G 16256T ⇨ U5a ⇨ 15218G 16399G ⇨ U5a1 ⇨ 3027C ⇨ U5a1d ⇨ 573.1C 3552C ⇨ U5a1d2 ⇨ 195C 4823C 5583T 16145A 16189C ⇨ U5a1d2a ⇨ (309.1C) (315.1C) 3621C 16188- (16193.1T) (16193.2C) 16311C

Imperfect Match. Your results contained differences with this haplogroup: Matches(28): 73G 195C 263G 750G 1438G 2706G 3027C 3197C 3552C 4769G 4823C 5583T 7028T 8860G 9477A 11467G 11719A 12308G 12372A 13617C 14766T 14793G 15218G 15326G 16145A 16256T 16270T 16399G Mismatches(2): 16189T 16192C Extras(3): (309.1C) (315.1C) 3621C 16188- (16193.1T) (16193.2C) 16311C Untested(1): 573.1

--- Erst mit dem Einzug der neolithischen Wirtschaftsweise in Mitteleuropa wurden die wildbeuterisch lebenden Cro-Magnon-Menschen, die im nacheiszeitlichen Mesolithikum genetisch fortbestanden, durch eingewanderte neue Populationen abgelöst, was durch Untersuchungen der mtDNA plausibel gemacht werden kann.[33] Demzufolge entstammen die spätglazialen und holozänen europäischen Wildbeuter des Mesolithikums überwiegend der Haplogruppe U, während bei frühneolithischen wie auch heutigen europäischen Menschen die Haplogruppe H dominiert.[34] Beim geographisch unscharf definierten Begriff des Cro-Magnon-Menschen als eiszeitlichem, europäischem Typen lässt sich daraus zwar ableiten, dass es in Mitteleuropa einen Bevölkerungswandel gab. Dieser bezieht sich jedoch nur auf Populationen des modernen Menschen, deren Haplogruppen aus Skelettmaterial der letzten 20.000 Jahre rekonstruiert wurden.

---

Among the oldest mtDNA haplogroups found in European remains of Homo sapiens is U5. The age of U5 is estimated at 50,000 but could be as old as 60,500 years. Approximately 11% of total Europeans and 10% of European-Americans are in haplogroup U5.

The presence of haplogroup U5 in Europe pre-dates the expansion of agriculture in Europe. In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes calculated that this group arose 45,000-50,000 years ago in Delphi, Greece and named the originator of haplogroup U5 Ursula. However the details related to location and age are speculative. Barbujani and Bertorelle estimate the age of haplogroup U5 as about 52,000 years ago, being the oldest subclade of haplogroup U. Thus, the name 'Ursula' could be applied to the entirety of haplogroup U, as well as U5.

U5 has been found in human remains dating from the Mesolithic in England, Germany, Lithuania, Poland, Portugal and Russia.

Haplogroup U5 and its subclades U5a and U5b form the highest population concentrations in the far north, in Sami, Finns, and Estonians, but it is spread widely at lower levels throughout Europe. This distribution, and the age of the haplogroup, indicate individuals from this haplogroup were part of the initial expansion tracking the retreat of ice sheets from Europe ~10kya.

Haplogroup U5 is found also in small frequencies and at much lower diversity in the Near East and parts of Africa, suggesting back-migration of people from northern Europe to the south.

U5a1d has 17 test results and an estimated age of about 15,000 years. There is one U5a1d* from France, three U5a1d1 (8,000 ybp) from Ireland, Poland and Russia. There are four U5a1d2a* (5,000 ybp) test results including one each from Ireland and Norway, and five U5a1d2a1 (3,000 ybp) with one each from Sweden, Russia, Belorus and Buryat.

Admixture

Based on Eurogenes K12b Admixture Proportions